SiC/Ni复合材料的超塑性

对电沉积SiC/Ni复合材料进行了低温超塑性拉伸实验,结果发现:平均晶粒尺寸为200nm的SiC/Ni复合材料在温度430℃初始应变速率为8.33 ×10-4s-1的变形条件下,获得最大延伸率571.2%,应变速率敏感指数为0.32.利用扫描电镜对断口形貌及变形后试样的组织进行的观察表明:断裂模式主要是沿晶断裂;晶粒有不同程度的长大,晶粒的长大速率的不同形成了变形后大小晶粒的混合组织,且沿拉伸方向拉长.应力-应变关系曲线表明:应力随着应变的增大而增大,增加到峰值后开始减小,材料进入准稳定变形阶段,实现大变形.SiC的加入增加了基体组织的稳定性,有利于材料超塑性的实现.超塑变形机理为晶界滑移和位错滑移塑性.     

中温固化树脂／碳布复合材料工艺性能研究

采用树脂的粘度-温度曲线、凝胶时间-温度曲线、DSC法确定了树脂的固化工艺.比较了溶液法和热熔法制备的预浸料复合材料力学性能.结果表明,热熔预浸料复合材料湿热性能高于溶液预浸料.对复合材料断面进行扫描电镜分析,断面的纤维和树脂粘接良好.     

复合材料层板钉群连接载荷分配计算方法研究

采用有限元方法对复合材料层板钉群机械连接载荷分配进行了研究,考虑钉弹性与层板厚度的影响,文中针对两种计算钉群载荷分配的工程化计算模型进行了对比分析,指出本文所采用模型的合理性,并以单排三钉为例通过计算结果与试验结果对比,证明本文所提出的计算模型有效,且计算精度高,使用方便.本文研究了搭接形式以及钉间距对钉载荷分配的影响,并对航空结构中常见的几种规则与非规则排列钉群连接载荷分配进行了分析计算与研究,得出的结论为复合材料层板多钉连接设计提供了有用的工程参考价值.     

层合板准静态压痕损伤分析

对复合材料层合板进行了横向静态压痕试验,得到了载荷-位移曲线.依据曲线上的位移值,采用九节点壳单元、三维Tsai-Wu失效判和损伤层刚度折减方法,对准静态压痕损伤进行了计算,并与超声C扫描压痕损伤检测图像做了比较.结果表明,损伤仿真与实际损伤检测图一致性好.     

层合复合材料z-pinning增强技术的力学进展

z-pinning技术是自20世纪90年代中期发展起来的一种增强层合复合材料层间韧性的新技术。此项技术通过在层合板内嵌入体分比小于5%的z-pin,能使层合板的I型层间断裂韧性提高十几倍,减少50%由低能量冲击所产生的层间分层,并且只造成层合板面内拉压强度的少量退化或不退化。同时,z-pinning技术较之其他层间增强技术,如编织、纺织和缝合技术等,又具有易于加工,且便于控制工艺质量等优点。因此,这一技术在近年来逐渐受到重视,并在一些航空、航天复合材料结构中得到了应用。简要介绍了z-pinning技术的工艺特点,重点综述这一领域细观力学模型与实验测试等力学分析工作的最新进展,并对准确评估z-pin力学行为的研究工作进行了展望。     

A Novel Processing Route for Ni-doped Alumina Composites

Alumina-based composites containing 0-15wt% Ni metallic phase were produced by hot press-sintering Ni-coated alumina pow-ders. The Ni-coated alumina powders were prepared by the aqueous heterogeneous precipitation of alumina micro-powders and nickel sulfate salt followed by reduction process. The microstructural features and dispersion of Ni phase in Ni-coated alumina powders and the subsequent alumina-Ni cermets were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and trans-mission electron microscope (TEM). The relative density of the hot press-sintered composites was measured with the Archimedes’ method while the fracture strength and the fracture toughness were defined with the three-point bending method and the mi-cro-indentation fracture method. In the formation of alumina-Ni cermets from sintered Ni-coated alumina powders, Ni phase to some extent limits the densification rate and stifles the coarsening and growing process of alumina grains. The Ni phase is found to be located at the interfaces and the triple-joint junctions of alumina grains which results into alteration of the fracture mode of alumina and its in-creased fracture strength and fracture toughness if compared with monolithic alumina.     

Influences of Mechanical Vibration on Rapidly Solidified Al2O3/YSZ Ceramics Prepared by Combustion Synthesis

Al2O3/YSZ composite ceramics was fabricated with combustion synthesis technology, and the influences of mechanical vibration on its microstructures and properties were investigated. It is found that under the mechanical vibration of ever-increasing frequency, increasing combustion temperature, accelerating ceramics/metal liquid-liquid separation and quickening ceramic solidification could not only reduce the average diameter and the size distribution of aligned ZrO2 nano-micron fibers in rod-shaped Al2O3 matrix grains, but also make the randomly-oriented rod-shaped grains finer and increase their aspect ratios. As a result, a remarkable increase in flexural strength and fracture toughness of the ceramics can be observed.     

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of In Situ TiB2-7055 Composites

In order to fabricate a kind of high strength particulate reinforced aluminum-matrix composites, the high strength aluminum alloy 7055 was selected as a matrix. Composites reinforced with varying amounts of TiB2 particles were synthesized using the in situ method, and their mechanical properties and microstructure were analyzed. It is found that the in situ TiB2 particles sized from 50 to 400 um uniformly disperse in the matrix. With the weight fraction of TiB2 particles increasing, the elastic modulus as well as the yield strength and the ultimate tensile strength increase, while the ductility decrease. The improvement of strength could be attributed to good bonding between TiB2 and the matrix, and also the TiB2 particles act as a barrier to dislocation.     

三维五向编织复合材料导热性能的有限元分析

根据三维五向编织复合材料的细观结构模型,分别假设编织纱线和轴纱具有六边形和正方形横截面,建立了计算三维五向编织复合材料导热性能的有限元模型.采用有限元方法,设定合理的边界条件,计算了三维五向编织复合材料的横向和纵向热传导系数,并与三维四向编织复合材料的热传导系数进行了比较,分析了编织角和纤维体积含量对热传导系数的影响规律.此外,还确定了材料内部的温度、热梯度及热流量的分布,为材料热力耦合问题的分析奠定了基础.      

高推重比对航空发动机结构设计的影响

提高推重比是航空发动机设计追求的最主要目标之一,而高推重比一方面取决于高水平的气动热力学设计．同时也取决于高水平的结构设计技术和方法。本文从结构设计关注点、新颖结构、选材趋势及由此带来的结构设计思维变化等方面．论述了对高推重比的不断追求为结构设计工作所带来的变革和发展。