排序方式: 共有99条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Volodymyr Kryvdyk 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008
Formation of relativistic jets in the magnetosphere of collapsing stars is considered. These jets will be formed in the polar caps of magnetosphere of collapsing star, where the stellar magnetic field increases during the collapse and the charged particles are accelerated. The jets will generate non-thermal radiation. The analysis of dynamics and emission of particles in the stellar magnetosphere under collapse shows that collapsing stars can be powerful sources of relativistic jets. 相似文献
62.
Didier Barret 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2006,38(12):2979-2984
With its ability to look at bright galactic X-ray sources with sub-millisecond time resolution, the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) discovered that the X-ray emission from accreting compact stars shows quasi-periodic oscillations on the dynamical timescales of the strong field region. RXTE showed also that waveform fitting of the oscillations resulting from hot spots at the surface of rapidly rotating neutron stars constrain their masses and radii. These two breakthroughs suddenly opened up a new window on fundamental physics, by providing new insights on strong gravity and dense matter. Building upon the RXTE legacy, in the Cosmic Vision exercise, testing General Relativity in the strong field limit and constraining the equation of state of dense matter were recognized recently as key goals to be pursued in the ESA science program for the years 2015–2025. This in turn identified the need for a large (10 m2 class) aperture X-ray observatory. In recognition of this need, the XEUS mission concept which has evolved into a single launch L2 formation flying mission will have a fast timing instrument in the focal plane. In this paper, I will outline the unique science that will be addressed with fast X-ray timing on XEUS. 相似文献
63.
Simon Glover 《Space Science Reviews》2005,117(3-4):445-508
In this review, I survey our current understanding of how the very first stars in the universe formed, with a focus on three
main areas of interest: the formation of the first protogalaxies and the cooling of gas within them, the nature and extent
of fragmentation within the cool gas, and the physics – in particular the interplay between protostellar accretion and protostellar
feedback – that serves to determine the final stellar mass.
In each of these areas, I have attempted to show how our thinking has developed over recent years, aided in large part by
the increasing ease with which we can now perform detailed numerical simulations of primordial star formation. I have also
tried to indicate the areas where our understanding remains incomplete, and to identify some of the most important unsolved
problems. 相似文献
64.
M. Pandey A.P. Rao R. Manchanda P. Durouchoux C.H. Ishwara-Chandra 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2006,38(12):2820-2823
We present the results of low frequency radio observations of the X-ray binaries, Cygnus X-1 and Cygnus X-3, during different X-ray states. The low frequency observations were made for the first time for these sources at 0.61 and 1.28 GHz using the Giant Meter-wave Radio Telescope (GMRT) between 2003 and 2004. Both Cyg X-1 and Cyg X-3 are highly variable at low radio frequencies. We also compare our data with the observations at 15 GHz conducted by the Ryle telescope. Spectral turnover is seen for both the sources below 2 GHz. The data suggest that the change in the radio flux density in both the sources is correlated to the X-ray hardness ratio and follows a similar behavior pattern. 相似文献
65.
A. Herrero 《Space Science Reviews》1993,66(1-4):137-145
We present the results of our observations of stars of type O5 and earlier and show that inclusion of the line blocking between 228 and 912 A solves the problem found by Herrero et al. (1992) in the determination of their stellar parameters. We study the influence of the line blocking and other effects on the mass and helium discrepancies and show that the first one is reduced by the use of spherical, non hydrostatic model atmospheres and that the second one is probably due to exposure of CNO material.The INT is operated on the island of La Palma by the RGO in the Spanish Observatorio de El Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofsica de Canarias 相似文献
66.
Floris van der Tak 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
This paper contains a summary of the results from the first years of observations with the HIFI instrument onboard ESA’s Herschel space observatory. The paper starts by outlining the goals and possibilities of far-infrared and submillimeter astronomy, the limitations of the Earth’s atmosphere, and the scientific scope of the Herschel-HIFI mission. The presentation of science results from the mission follows the life cycle of gas in galaxies as grouped into five themes: Structure of the interstellar medium, First steps in interstellar chemistry, Formation of stars and planets, Solar system results and Evolved stellar envelopes. The HIFI observations paint a picture where the interstellar medium in galaxies has a mixed, rather than a layered structure; the same conclusion may hold for protoplanetary disks. In addition, the HIFI data show that exchange of matter between comets and asteroids with planets and moons plays a large role. The paper concludes with an outlook to future instrumentation in the far-infrared and submillimeter wavelength ranges. 相似文献
67.
68.
P. Kaaret 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2004,34(12):2662-2666
The great success of the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) has shown that X-ray timing is an excellent tool for the study of strong gravitational fields and the measurement of fundamental physical properties of black holes and neutron stars. Here, we describe a next-generation X-ray timing mission, the Relativistic Astrophysics Explorer (RAE), designed to fit within the envelope of a medium-sized mission. The instruments will be a narrow-field X-ray detector array with an area of 6 m2 equal to 10 times that of RXTE and a wide-field X-ray monitor. We describe the science made possible with this mission, the design of the instruments, and results on prototype large-area X-ray detectors. 相似文献
69.
Dany Page 《Space Science Reviews》1995,74(3-4):437-446
Surface thermal emission has been detected byROSAT from four nearby young neutron stars. Assuming black body emission, the significant pulsations of the observed light curves can be interpreted as due to large surface temperature differences produced by the effect of the crustal magnetic field on the flow of heat from the hot interior toward the cooler surface. However, the energy dependence of the modulation observed in Geminga is incompatible with blackbody emission: this effect will give us a strong constraint on models of the neutron star surface. 相似文献
70.
W. Coburn P. Kretschmar I. Kreykenbohm V.A. McBride R.E. Rothschild R. Staubert J. Wilms 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2006,38(12):2747-2751
The hard X-ray spectra of small subset of accreting pulsars show absorption-like line features in the range 10–100 keV. These lines, referred to as cyclotron lines or cyclotron resonance scattering features, are due to photons scattered out of the line of sight by electrons trapped in the 1012 G pulsar polar cap magnetic field. In this paper we present a review of observations, from the discovery of a cyclotron line in Hercules X-1 to recent results with RXTE and INTEGRAL. 相似文献