“前置凸台周向槽式”机匣处理的设计和实验

为了获得一种新型的“前置凸台周向槽式”处理机匣的设计参数和处理效果，借助于一单级轴流压气机实验台详细研究了“前置凸台”结构，“周向槽”结构，凸台前部尺寸、叶顶形状对压气机性能的影响，实验结果表明凸台前部尺寸和叶顶几何形状对压气机的裕度和效率均有较大影响，并分析了该处理机匣的作用机理。     

Influence of SPS casing treatment on axial flow compressor subjected to radial pressure distortion

The present work is about the stall margin enhancement ability of a kind of stall precursor-suppressed (SPS) casing treatment when fan/compressor suffers from a radial total pres-sure inlet distortion. Experimental researches are conducted on a low-speed compressor with and without SPS casing treatment under radial distorted inlet flow of different levels as well as uniform inlet flow. The distorted flow fields of different levels are generated by annular distortion flow gen-erators of different heights. The characteristic curves under these conditions are measured and ana-lyzed. The results show that the radial inlet distortion could cause a stall margin loss from 2% to 30% under different distorted levels. The SPS casing treatment could remedy this stall margin loss under small distortion level and only partly make up the stall margin loss caused by distortion in large level without leading to perceptible additional efficiency loss and obvious change of charac-teristic curves. The pre-stall behavior of the compressor is investigated to reveal the mechanism of this stall margin improvement ability of the SPS casing treatment. The results do show that this casing treatment delays the occurrence of rotating stall by weakening the pressure perturbations and suppressing the nonlinear amplification of the stall precursor waves in the compression system.     

带周向槽叶尖处理机匣轴流压气机容总压畸变特性

基于叶尖处理机匣轴流压气机叶排实验特性，应用畸变传递的矩阵分析模型，对轴流压气机叶尖处理机匣容总压畸变特性进行了详细分析，并建立了处理机匣对总压畸变及其沿轴流压气机叶排衰减特性影响规律。计算结果表明，叶尖处理机匣虽能有效提高转子叶排抗总压畸变能力，但对其后的静子叶排抗畸变产生了明显不利影响，这对设计合理的扩大轴流压气机稳定裕度处理机匣结构尤为重要。     

高负荷跨声速轴流压气机周向浅槽处理机匣扩稳机理

为验证周向浅槽处理机匣的扩稳效果,通过数值仿真的方法,主要探讨了工作于非设计转速下的高负荷轴流压气机上,处于不同轴向位置浅槽式机匣处理及其组合对压气机稳定性的作用.确定了各周向槽于稳定性的主要贡献、机理和处理槽之间的相互影响.研究发现:周向浅槽可以在效率平均下降不到1％的情况下有效地对压气机进行扩稳;通道下游位置的周向槽以线性方式对顶隙泄漏流与扩稳量进行组合影响;另外,通过浅槽的扩稳作用,压气机的失速类型也会发生明显变化.     

Dual stability enhancement mechanisms of axial-slot casing treatment in a high-speed mixed-flow compressor with various tip clearances

The influence of Axial-Slot Casing Treatment (ASCT) on the performance and stability enhancement mechanisms of ASCT were experimentally and numerically investigated in a high-speed mixed-flow compressor under three different tip clearances. Unsteady simulations showed the compressor stalled through end-wall stall route, i.e. the spike stall inception originating from rotor tip region, which was validated by dynamical measurements. When the ASCT was applied, greater than 20% of Stall Margin Improvement (SMI) could be achieved for the compressor under each tip clearance size. The streamwise velocity contours and flow structures in the tip region and axial slots were deeply analyzed to explore how the so called “suction and injection effects” generated by the ASCT manipulate tip clearance flow and enhance the stability of compressor under different tip clearances. It was found that the dominant stability enhancement mechanisms of ASCT varies with tip clearance size for the mixed-flow compressor. (A) For the small tip clearance, the dominant mechanism of stability enhancement is the blockage reduction generated in the blade passage by the suction effect of ASCT. (B) For the large tip clearance, the injection effect of the ASCT is the dominant mechanism of stability enhancement with ASCT, which plays the leading role in delaying the spillage of incoming/tip leakage flow interface at the rotor Leading Edge (LE) plane.     

跨声速压气机叶片掠和机匣处理组合效应的机理研究

针对典型跨声速压气机转子，采用非定常数值模拟方法研究了叶片掠设计和机匣处理的组合作用对压气机转子性能的综合影响。分别探讨了转子前掠、后掠和掠叶片与机匣处理组合等形式对转子峰值效率和稳定工作裕度的影响效果和内在机制。研究发现，前掠转子与机匣处理组合能够以较小的效率损失（-0.56%）为代价获得最佳的扩稳效果；在前掠转子与机匣处理组合作用下，对间隙泄漏流的动量激励和叶顶低能堵塞流体的有效消除是组合机匣处理扩稳的本质原因。结果表明，采取前掠转子和机匣处理的组合形式，可以弥补前掠转子设计损失转子最大负荷的不足，同时以较少的效率损失代价充分发挥了机匣处理的扩稳潜力。