一种先进复合材料件无损检测的探讨

一种先进复合材料受力件的制品,如何检测内部是否有分层脱胶,曾遇到很大的困难。本文阐述如何结合实际解决这一难题,从而免受重大损失。     

化学气相沉积/渗透技术综述

综述了化学气相沉积技术的最新发展，包括金属有机化合物化学气相沉积，等离子辅助化学气相沉积，激光化学气相沉积；同时介绍了三种用于制备工程材料的快速致密化化学气相渗透技术，包括强迫流动热梯度化学气相渗透，化学液相沉积，感应加热热梯度快速致密化技术。     

Morphology and Frictional Characteristics Under Electrical Currents of Al203/Cu Composites Prepared by Internal Oxidation

Two AhO3/Cu composites containing 0.24 wt.% A1203 and 0.60 wt.% A1203 separately are prepared by internal oxidation.Effectsof sliding speed and pressure on the fi-ictional characteristics of the composites and copper against brass are investigated and compared.The changes in morphology of the sliding surface and subsurface are examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS).The results show that the wear resistance of the AI203/Cu composites is superior to that of copperunder the same conditions.Under a given electrical current,the wear rate of AI203/Cu composites decreases as the AleO3-content increases.However,the wear rates of the Al203/Cu composites and copper increase as the sliding speed and pressure increase under drysliding condition.The main wear mechanisms for AleO3/Cu composites are of abrasion and adhesion;for copper,it is adhesion,although wear by oxidation and electrical erosion can also be observed as the speed and pressure rise.     

改进层次聚类法在复合材料敲击检测中的应用

伴随复合材料的迅速发展,其在航空航天方面的应用也日益普遍,但因复合材料的各向异性,在制造过程中会导致某些缺陷的产生。敲击检测作为一种实时原位的无损检测,在复合材料的检测中效果明显。由于敲击检测尚未找到合理的数据处理方法,所以其应用范围受到限制。从解决敲击检测数据处理方法的角度出发,提出将改进层次聚类法应用于敲击检测中,并在应用实例环节对该方法进行了应用,通过实验结果对比,表明改进层次聚类方法可以解决敲击检测数据处理的问题。     

化学气相反应法在C/C复合材料抗氧化处理中的应用

通过把硅蒸气渗入预制体孔隙与碳直接反应生成SiC的化学气相反应(CVR)方法,提高初始密度和预制体结构均不同的C／C复合材料的抗氧化能力,研究了C／C复合材料的密度变化与微观结构,并对其进行了氧化试验。结果表明,因CVR温度、C／C复合材料初始密度不同,抗氧化处理后的密度增加量有显著不同。针刺炭布C／C／SiC复合材料在马福炉中于1160℃经65min氧化后,其失重率仅2．6％,而密度为1．95g／cm^3的同结构C／C复合材料相在同条件下失重率高达32％。     

推进剂功能组分作用研究(Ⅳ)--工艺/力学性能

在丁羟/铝粉/高氯酸铵组成的三组元推进剂体系中,通过药浆流变性测试、动态力学分析（DMA）、单向拉伸性能、凝胶分数和相对交联密度的测定,研究了一些功能组分如氮丙啶类化合物MAPO、醇胺络合物TEA·BF3、胺类化合物H对推进剂工艺性能和力学性能的影响.结果表明,MAPO可以降低药浆屈服值和表观粘度,改善工艺性能,显著增加最大抗拉强度,但对最大伸长率无影响;TEA·BF3大幅度增加药浆屈服值,使工艺性能变差,一定程度上提高最大抗拉强度和发挥熵弹性而增加最大伸长率,H可以显著改善推进剂工艺性能和增加最大伸长率.文中还对功能组分在推进剂中的作用机理进行了分析探讨.     

基于时标分解的弹性高超声速飞行器智能控制

考虑弹性高超声速飞行器纵向动力学模型，提出了一种基于时标分解的智能控制方法。考虑刚体状态和弹性模态具有不同的时标特性，采用奇异摄动理论进行快慢时标分解，将模型转换为刚体慢变子系统和弹性快变子系统。针对刚体子系统考虑动力学不确定，基于平行估计模型构造表征不确定逼近效果的预测误差，结合跟踪误差给出复合学习控制策略。针对弹性子系统设计自适应滑模控制稳定弹性模态。通过李雅普诺夫稳定性分析可证系统状态一致终值有界。仿真表明所提出的控制方法能够实现刚弹模态的稳定收敛，且具有更高的跟踪精度、更好的学习性能和更快的收敛速度。     

面向空间天线的TWF复合材料性能研究

利用碳纤维三向编织物（triaxial woven fabric，TWF）作为增强材料，与柔性基体材料硅橡胶复合，制成兼具一定柔性和刚性的复合材料壳膜结构，用于卫星天线反射器，是一种新型的高精度可展开天线实现方案。采用复合材料细观方法，对碳纤维增强硅橡胶TWF复合材料进行了力学性能的研究。首先由纤维和基体的材料特性得到均质纤维束的材料特性；接下来考虑纤维束交织情况（起伏波动）建立由纤维束组成的单胞实体有限元模型；然后对单胞实体有限元模型进行均匀化分析，施加周期性边界条件，最终得到等效的均质材料特性；为满足天线反射器高性能需求，分析了碳纤维种类、纤维体积分数对单胞等效性能的影响规律。对该材料力学性能的研究，可以为其未来应用于大型高精度可展开天线反射器提供一定的理论依据。     

Stability analysis of robotic longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic milling

Currently, industrial robots are considered as an alternative towards traditional machine tools. Especially for the large-scale parts milling, robotic flexibility and low cost make it possess the irreplaceability. However, the milling chatter caused by its weak rigidity hampers robotic application and promotion severely in aviation industry. Rotary ultrasonic milling (RUM) technology with one-dimensional axial vibration has been proven and approved on avoiding robotic chatter. Based on this, the research of project team demonstrates that longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic milling (CUM-LT) involving separation characteristic has a greater advantage than RUM in terms of chatter suppression. Thereby, the CUM-LT as a new means is applied to avoid processing vibration of robotic milling system. And its influence mechanism on stability improvement of weak stiffness processing system is clarified. Meanwhile, the approaches to strengthen separation effect are provided innovatively. Moreover, a new analysis method of robotic CUM-LT (RCUM-LT) stability is proposed on the basis of ultrasonic function angles. The simulation and experimental results indicate that compared with robotic RUM (RRUM), stability regions of separated RCUM-LT (SRCUM-LT) and unseparated RCUM-LT (URCUM-LT) are improved by 124.42% and 39.20%, respectively. The addition of torsional ultrasonic energy has a wonderful effect on the milling chatter suppression of low stiffness robots.