改善方法在A320飞机大修中的应用

从介绍改善(KAIZEN)基本概念入手,详细阐述了改善方法的含义及其主要流程,以实际案例介绍了如何在民航维修业实施改善理论。     

Analysis of driving efficiency for LRV wheels using forced-slip method

To investigate and improve the mobility of the Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV), it is necessary to consider the mechanical properties of the interaction between the wheels and the ground. In this paper, a new solution method, the forced-slip solution method, which uses a semi-empirical approach, was presented. That is, given the wheel’s vertical load and drawbar pull or driving torque as known input values, the unknown slip ratio can be resolved. The alternative method involves predicting the mechanics for a given slip ratio. The proposed method correlates better with actual wheel movements, and by studying a single wheel, this solution method can also be used to resolve the mechanical properties of the front and rear wheels in a four-wheel-drive (4WD) LRV configuration. It can also be used to consider the multi-pass effect of the rear wheels on lunar soil. The calculation results show that the 4WD LRV driving efficiency varies with the position of the center of mass. Thus, the LRV driving efficiency can be optimized by adjusting the position of its center of mass.     

基于高阶谱差分的扑翼面运动学数值优化(英文)

基于高阶谱差分(SD)格式的高成本效益的优化方法被用以优化扑翼面的运动学,从而达到最大推进效率。具体来说,基于梯度的优化算法与高阶谱差分的纳维-斯托克斯流动求解器被耦合用以研究一系列NACA对称翼型的最优运动学。在此研究中,翼型做沉标和俯仰运动。数值优化在粗网格上进行。得到最优解后,在密网格上用高阶SD求解器捕获处于最优运动学状态下扑翼面的详细涡结构。提出的数值优化框架被用以研究翼型厚度,雷诺数和俯仰中心位置对最佳巡航飞行的影响。通过研究相关流场,气动力以及等效攻角(AOA)的变化,我们解释了与最佳扑翼面运动相关的流动物理特性。     

跨声速轴流压气机失速边界预测方法

研究了跨声速、单级设计压比为1.82的Stage 35轴流压气机与单级设计压比为2.05的Stage37轴流压气机在不同转速下的特性.在HARIKA原型程序基础上,改进了其叶排效率、落后角、理论能头计算模型,采用了两种轴流压气机失速边界的预测方法,第1种为HARIKA原型程序的分离流量预测方法,第2种为Koch所提出的失速静压升系数预测方法,所得特性计算结果与实验点吻合较好,Stage 35设计点效率的误差由原型的3.9%降低到改进后的1.5%,Stage 37设计点效率的误差由3.1%降低到1.9%.两种预测方法对失速边界流量的预测误差最小分别可达1.3%与1.6%,表明两种失速边界预测方法都是可行的.     

交变波瓣喷管高效掺混机理

结合现有交变波瓣的特点对基准波瓣喷管进行处理,设计了一种新型波瓣喷管——剑形深波谷交变波瓣喷管。采用数值方法对基准波瓣喷管、平端面交变波瓣喷管、斜切交变波瓣喷管、剑形深波谷交变波瓣喷管、斜切交变波瓣喷管扇形处理的射流掺混进行模拟,研究了交变波瓣喷管高效掺混的机理。结果表明,交变波瓣喷管除了深、浅波谷之间的尾流区和较小的核心区代替了基准波瓣喷管较大的核心区以外,在侧壁尾流区产生更饱满的流向涡,以及深波谷端次流前锋的刺入或在深波谷端产生流向涡,都对提高掺混效率起重要作用。交变波瓣喷管射流掺混中横向流动程度越大造成的流动损失越大,其关系为初始流向涡量每增加0.1,总压恢复系数将减小0.0001。     

数传控制装备可靠性预计

分析了某型数传控制装置可靠性模型,采用应力分析法对该装置进行了可靠性预计,根据设备实际状况求得其各主要部件的失效率,评估了产品的可靠性,从数据分析得出了影响可靠性的主要环节,提出了改进措施。通过可靠性试验,对可靠性预计值进行了验证。     

超燃冲压发动机/机体一体化优化设计

构建了包括前体/进气道、燃烧室、尾喷管/后体的一体化性能计算程序和优化设计平台,对性能计算程序的适用性进行了验证.进行了燃料为氢的超燃冲压发动机/机体一体化优化设计,对优化设计得到的超燃冲压发动机/机体一体化构型进行了二维数值模拟.计算结果表明:氢燃料超燃冲压发动机/机体一体化性能计算程序准确性较好,优化结果具有较高可...     

Ka频段低轨遥感卫星可变编码调制应用效能研究

分辨率的不断提高对低轨遥感卫星的星地数据传输能力提升提出了迫切需求,导致X频段星地数传通道压力急剧增加,而Ka频段可用带宽是X频段的4倍,理论上可大幅提升传输能力。当前低轨遥感卫星的星地数据传输通常采用固定编码调制（CCM）和可变编码调制（VCM）,均未利用地面站仰角增大时大气衰减减小所带来的信道条件改善,对链路资源造成浪费。针对此问题,对指定地面站和链路可用度,综合考虑自由空间损耗和大气衰减随接收仰角增加而同时减小的特性,提出基于DVB S2标准的Ka频段星上VCM系统实现方案,给出传输效能评估标准,并对降雨特性不同的喀什站、北京站、三亚站CCM,VCM的Ka频段传输效能进行了对比仿真分析,以寻找出适合不同站点的星地数传方案。仿真结果表明：干旱少雨的喀什站更适合采用CCM,且链路可用度高达99.82%;雨量中等的北京站可根据用户使用需求灵活选择CCM或VCM;而降雨丰富的三亚站更适合采用VCM,不仅可将传输效能提升8.37%,还可将链路可用度提升11.23%。     

浅谈企业内部质量审核的有效性

本文总结工厂多年实施内部质量审核的实践经验,从对审核过程管理、审核证据评价和审核结果处理几个主要环节入手,采取适宜的措施来提高内部质量审核的有效性。     

Ideal proportional navigation for exoatmospheric interception

Ideal proportional navigation (IPN) is a natural choice for exoatmospheric interception for its mighty capture capability and ease of implementation. The closed-form solution of two- dimensional ideal proportional navigation was conducted in previous public literature, whereas the practical interception happens in the three-dimensional space. A novel set of relative dynamic equations is adopted in this paper, which is with the advantage of decoupling relative motion in the instantaneous rotation plane of the line of sight from the rotation of this plane. The dimension-reduced IPN is constructed in this instantaneous plane, which functions as a three-dimensional guidance law. The trajectory features of dimension-reduced IPN are explored, and the capture regions of dimension-reduced IPN with limited acceleration against nonmaneuvering and maneuvering targets are analyzed by using phase plane method. It is proved that the capture capability of IPN is much stronger than true proportional navigation (TPN), no matter the target maneuvers or not. Finally, simulation results indicate that IPN is more effective than TPN in exoatmospheric interception scenarios.