Effect of drag reducing riblet surface on coherent structure in turbulent boundary layer

The characteristics of turbulent boundary layer over streamwise aligned drag reducing riblet surface under zero-pressure gradient are investigated using particle image velocimetry. The formation and distribution of large-scale coherent structures and their effect on momentum partition are analyzed using two-point correlation and probability density function. Compared with smooth surface, the streamwise riblets reduce the friction velocity and Reynolds stress in the turbulent boundary layer, indicating the drag reduction effect. Strong correlation has been found between the occurrence of hairpin vortices and the momentum distribution. The number and streamwise length scale of hairpin vortices decrease over streamwise riblet surface. The correlation between number of uniform momentum zones and Reynolds number remains the same as smooth surface.     

局部/组合抽吸对压气机叶栅分离流动控制的机理研究

为了研究不同抽吸形式对压气机内部分离流动的控制效果和机理,基于数值模拟方法,对内部同时存在角区分离和附面层分离的直列叶栅进行抽吸计算,共设置8套不同的方案进行了详细的探究。结果表明:对于控制分离的效果和机理,不同抽吸形式之间存在着一定差异;在分离发展的不同阶段,实施抽吸对其控制效果也有所不同。近端壁吸力面抽吸方案SS3同时减小了角区分离和近端壁处的尾缘附面层分离,尾部近吸力面沿展向静压分布为正"C"型,使角区内的低能流体向叶中流动,角区流动得到改善,但导致叶展中部流场的恶化;端壁抽吸和全叶高组合抽吸则使尾部近吸力面静压沿展向分布更均匀,低能流体的迁移现象减弱。基于以上结果可得:组合抽吸可以更有效地控制叶栅内部流动分离,降低损失,提高叶栅流通能力。     

变攻角下端壁非定常脉动抽吸对高负荷压气机叶栅性能的影响

为进一步探究非定常脉冲抽吸控制高负荷压气机叶栅流动分离的机理,考察非定常脉动抽吸在变攻角下的适应性和可行性,采用非定常数值方法,系统研究了变攻角下,非定常脉动抽吸对流场性能的影响,并将其与传统的定常抽吸进行了比较分析。结果表明,在设计攻角下,保证相同的时均抽吸量,非定常脉动抽吸控制效果明显优于定常抽吸;在时均抽吸量ms=0.4%时,在给定的激励频率范围内,非定常脉动抽吸都展现出更好的性能,在最优频率时,损失减小了9.4%,静压升提高了12.9%,相比于定常抽吸损失减小了4.2%,静压升提高了4.7%。在变攻角下,在给定的激励频率范围内,非定常脉动抽吸控制效果相比于定常抽吸仍具有较大优势;但大攻角下,非定常脉动抽吸和定常抽吸控制效果均有所下降。     

非设计状态下尾迹输运对高负荷低压涡轮附面层的影响

为了研究非设计状态下的上游尾迹在叶栅通道内的形态演化与发展,分析尾迹与叶片吸力面附面层的相互作用,基于高负荷低压涡轮(LPT)叶型Packb对非设计状态下尾迹输运进行了研究。研究主要通过数值模拟的方法进行,使用CFX软件,利用LES模型耦合Smagorinsky亚格子模型。讨论了非定常来流0°和+10°攻角工况下,尾迹与吸力面附面层相互作用的差异。分析发现,+10°攻角工况时,尾迹对附面层转捩的促进作用较0°攻角工况时更为显著;+10°攻角工况时,尾迹与附面层的相互作用时间更长,尾迹诱导转捩的起始位置更靠上游。     

两种翼型螺旋桨ARA-D和S1223的等离子体增效实验研究

文章首先基于雷诺相似理论,在地面螺旋桨实验平台上开展ARA-D翼型螺旋桨微秒脉冲等离子体增效三维实验,结果表明,等离子体对螺旋桨拉力增效效果随着脉冲频率增加而减弱,而螺旋桨转矩受等离子体影响随拉力增效效果增加而减弱,拉力、效率最大增幅分别达到10.79%、11.56%。而后基于雷诺相似理论及叶素理论,在低湍流度风洞开展S1223翼型螺旋桨叶素微秒脉冲等离子体增效二维实验,结果表明等离子体激励提高了翼型各叶素拉力,其中根部与尖部叶素表现尤为明显。二维实验结果可为三维实验激励器展向排布方案提供理论依据。2种实验结果均表明,等离子体射流可以有效抑制翼型表面流动分离。     

叶片吸力面不同位置处气膜冷却特性对比

在跨声速叶栅通道内,试验研究了叶片吸力面不同位置处的气膜冷却特性,详细地分析吸力面两个位置处的簸箕孔型在主流进口雷诺数为3.7×105、出口马赫数为0.81,0.91,1.01及气膜吹风比为0.6～2.1条件下的气膜冷却效率.结果表明:气膜孔2位于大的叶片曲率位置处,该位置处主流能使得射流更好地贴附在壁面上,但是该影响有利有弊.在小吹风比下,气膜孔射流本身就能很好地贴附壁面,因而主流使得气膜贴壁较好的作用不强,而主流使得气膜展向扩展不易的负面影响却比较明显.在大吹风比下,气膜射流法向分量较大,气膜容易脱离壁面,此时,气膜孔2由于主流作用使得气膜更好地贴附在壁面上,气膜冷却效率有较大提升.      

Experimental characteristics of oblique shock train upstream propagation

The structure and dynamics of an oblique shock train in a duct model are investigated experimentally in a hypersonic wind tunnel. Measurements of the pressure distribution in front of and across the oblique shock train have been taken and the dynamics of upstream propagation of the oblique shock train have been analyzed from the synchronized schlieren imaging with the dynamic pressure measurements. The formation and propagation of the oblique shock train are ini-tiated by the throttling device at the downstream end of the duct model. Multiple reflected shocks, expansion fans and separated flow bubbles exist in the unthrottled flow, causing three adverse-pressure-gradient phases and three favorable-pressure-gradient phases upstream the oblique shock train. The leading edge of the oblique shock train propagates upstream, and translates to be asym-metric with the increase of backpressure. The upstream propagation rate of the oblique shock train increases rapidly when the leading edge of the oblique shock train encounters the separation bubble near the shock reflection point and the adverse-pressure-gradient phase, while the oblique shock train slow movement when the leading edge of the oblique shock train is in the favorable-pressure-gradient phase for unthrottled flow. The asymmetric flow pattern and oscillatory nature of the oblique shock train are observed throughout the whole upstream propagation process.     

压气机转子通道内尖区三维平均流场

在低速大尺寸压气机试验台上,借助旋转四坐标全电动探针位移机构,用锥形五孔压力探针分别测量压气机设计状态和近失速状态转子通道内尖区的三维平均流场,揭示压气机转子通道内尖部的流动结构及其变化     

激波／边界层干扰脉动压力测量技术

建立了激波／边界层干扰脉动压力测试系统。对一组后掠压缩角产生的激波／边界层干扰脉动压力流场进行测量,结果表明,脉动压力时均值及其分布与静态测量得到的结果一致。测量还发现在实验的锥形干扰范围内,未出现类似于二维干扰中由非定常低频振荡激波引起的间歇现象。     

Passage shock wave/boundary layer interaction control for transonic compressors using bumps

Flow separation due to shock wave/boundary layer interaction is dominated in blade passage with supersonic relative incoming flow, which always accompanies aerodynamic performance penalties. A loss reduction method for smearing the passage shock foot via Shock Control Bump(SCB) located on transonic compressor rotor blade suction side is implemented to shrink the region of boundary layer separation. The curved windward section of SCB with constant adverse pressure gradient is constructed ahead of...