含偶氮四唑胍的RDX-CMDB推进剂的燃烧性能和热行为研究

采用浇铸工艺制备了GZT部分取代RDX的系列RDX-CMDB推进剂样品。研究了GZT对不含催化剂的RDX-CMDB推进剂的燃速、压强指数及燃烧火焰结构等燃烧性能的影响,并采用TG-DTG和DSC实验,初步研究了含GZT的RDX-CMDB推进剂的热行为。结果发现,GZT对推进剂的火焰温度、火焰的暗区厚度、燃面上的亮点数目和燃烧表面对凝聚相的温度梯度等都呈现一定规律性的影响;在1～10 MPa范围内,GZT使RDX-CMDB推进剂的燃速升高,压强指数降低。热行为研究表明,加入GZT时,推进剂的DSC曲线上出现一个单独的放热分解峰,对应TG曲线上也表现出一个单独的失重过程。     

自旋卫星姿态确定和系统偏差估计

以最小二乘为指标,应用Powell直接寻优算法,对近地轨道自旋卫星姿态确定数据进行加工处理,得出了某些系统偏差的估计值,然后再用Kalman滤波器进行滤波估计。实践证明,将此法用于可观性较弱的系统,可显著改善仅用Kalman滤波器所得的结果。     

自由飞行态主动式自旋稳定姿态控制

为改善航天器在自由飞行状态下的自旋稳定姿态控制精度，在分别采用消章和消偏的基础上，提出了一种消章消偏综合控制方法，并选用带消偏约束的消章控制法，对桌细长型航天器的姿态控制进行了仿真试验。理论分析和实验结果表明，该控制法的姿态角控制精度较高，所用时间较短，可满足控制精度的要求。     

多目标多光谱高温仪的研制

根据固体火箭发动机羽焰特征研制了多目标多光谱高温仪。文中介绍了多光谱测温技术及测温仪系统构成。该系统可同时测量羽焰6个目标点的温度,每个目标点均有8个工作波长,可实现对发动机试验时羽焰流场轴向和环向多目标的温度动态测量。     

RBCC亚燃模态点火及火焰稳定研究(英文)

在直联式燃烧试验台上进行了基于机械壅塞的RBCC亚燃模态点火及火焰稳定研究,试验模拟飞行马赫数为2.5,采用扩张型双模态燃烧室和多级JP-10喷注方式。在主火箭工作的情况下,借助发动机出口机械壅塞的方式实现了点火和火焰稳定。同时发现火焰稳定与乙烯引导火焰无关,出口堵塞比是燃烧室压力提升的一个重要影响因素。研究工作为实现基于热力喉道的RBCC亚燃模态稳定高效燃烧提供了良好的基础。     

大型平台的惯性稳定与地理坐标系姿态跟踪

介绍了一种大型两轴稳定平台的惯性稳定和地理系姿态跟踪原理,建立了稳定平台俯仰框架和横滚框架的运动学模型和动力学模型,进行了稳定平台横滚通道的角速度回路和角位置回路设计,仿真分析了姿态角测量误差作用下的稳定平台姿态跟踪性能,与利用加速度计反馈实现调平的两轴阻尼稳定平台进行对比,比对结果验证了本文设计的控制系统在水平姿态跟踪速度和抗干扰能力上的优势.平台样机进行了姿态跟踪测试,结果验证了结合定位定向系统(POS)的稳定平台惯性稳定和姿态跟踪控制方法可行.     

Application in prestiction friction compensation for angular velocity loop of inertially stabilized platforms

To overcome the influence of the nonlinear friction on the gimbaled servo-system of an inertial stabilized platforms(ISPs) with DC motor direct-drive, the methods of modeling and compensation of the nonlinear friction are proposed. Firstly, the inapplicability of LuGre model when trying to interpret the backward angular displacement in the prestiction regime is observed experimentally and the reason is deduced theoretically. Then, based on the dynamic model of direct-drive ISPs, a modified LuGre model is proposed to describe the characteristic of the friction in the prestiction regime. Furthermore, the state switch condition of the three friction regimes including presliding, gross sliding and prestiction is presented. Finally, a composite compensation controller including a nonlinear friction observer and a feedforward compensator based on the novel LuGre model is designed to restrain the nonlinear friction and to improve the control precision. Experimental results indicate that compared with those of the conventional proportion–integration–differentiation(PID) control method and the PID plus LuGre model-based friction compensation method, the dwell-time has decreased from 0.2 s to almost 0 s, the position error decreased to 86.7%and the peak-to-peak value of position error decreased to 80% after the novel compensation controller is added. It concludes that the composite compensation controller can greatly improve the control precision of the dynamic sealed ISPs.     

放映氙灯稳流及稳纹波电路研究

本文简要介绍了放映氙灯电源的现状,详细研究了由中国民航学院三维显示技术研究所最新研制成功的放映氙灯电源中的稳流及稳纹波电路的设计思想和工作原理。理论分析和实验结果表明,本文设计的稳流及稳纹波电路显著地提高了氙灯电源的可靠性及减小了氙灯电流的纹波系数且操作简便,利于推广应用。     

A combined turbulent combustion model in studying a lean flameout process

A modification of the Zimont turbulent combustion model is presented; the modification makes it possible to describe processes in diffusion and homogeneous flame fronts as well as to take into account the influence of different factors that cause flame destabilization. The model is based on the equation for a reaction completeness extent (completeness of combustion). The model realization to simulate the premixed combustion is described and the modification of the turbulent combustion model is applied to simulate a process of flameout downstream of the flameholder.     

弯曲通道模拟离心条件下的主燃级和预燃级联焰试验

冲压转子发动机是冲压发动机和燃气涡轮发动机的有机结合,其结构简单。冲压转子发动机燃烧室由于其内部受到强离心力场的作用,燃烧室火焰的稳定燃烧以及传播都会受其影响。为了得到离心力场对分级燃烧中两级联焰的影响规律,本文进行了试验研究工作。针对燃烧室在强离心条件下的燃烧特点,采用弯曲通道模拟气流的离心效应。在弯曲试验段上对预燃级和主燃级进行了联焰研究,试验在常温常压条件下进行,进口气流速度范围为10~70m/s。试验中考察了离心力、燃油分级比例以及主燃级燃油喷射初始角度对联焰的影响,试验结果初步验证了燃烧方案的可行性,为冲压转子发动机燃烧室的研究奠定了基础。