环形旋流燃烧室模型点火过程的实验

在由16个旋流喷嘴组成的透明环形燃烧室实验模型中,对丙烷和空气贫燃混合气的周向点火和火焰传播过程进行了实验研究。通过高速相机记录点火过程的火焰形态和发光强度变化,对比分析了两种点火模式——先通燃气后点火(FFSL)和先点火后通燃气(SFFL)的不同形态特征。FFSL周向点火过程包含拱形火焰面传播,SFFL喷嘴间火焰传播呈现"锯齿形"结构。喷嘴旋流方向的排列会破坏周向火焰传播过程的对称性,使得沿顺时针和逆时针方向火焰面传播速度差别较大。通过对火焰发光强度积分得到热释放率变化曲线,分析统计了不同工况的周向点火时间,结果表明:在相同工况下,SFFL比FFSL大2倍以上;相同当量比下,FFSL和SFFL随着热负荷增加而减小;相同热负荷下,FFSL随当量比增加而减小,而SFFL正好相反。对两种点火模式,流动加速系数均随供气流量增加而增加。     

RP-3航空煤油三组分替代燃料简化机理验证

利用机理自动简化程序ReaxRed对航空煤油RP-3三组分替代燃料半详细化学反应动力学模型采用两种方案分别进行了简化。方案一采用直接关系图（directed relation graph,DRG）法构建了109组分423步基元反应,方案二在方案一的结果上采用基于误差传播的DRG（directed relation graph based on error propagation,DRGEP）方法和计算奇异摄动（computational singular perturbation,CSP）法构建了84组分271步基元反应。结合点火延迟试验数据对方案二所构建的简化机理进行了验证,并且采用层流火焰速度、温度和重要产物等方面的数值计算结果进行对比分析,结果表明:方案二所构建的简化机理在简化过程中保留一定的计算精度前提下更加经济实用,其中在各种工况下方案二简化机理和半详细机理的点火延迟时间之间的平均误差在6%以内并且它们在火焰传播速度方面平均误差在不超过8%。采用本生灯预混燃烧器为物理模型,以RP-3航空煤油为燃料,进行相应的试验研究来验证方案二的简化机理,结果表明该简化机理数值计算结果与试验数据较吻合。      

外激作用下自激热声系统的非线性动力学响应

在高温高压燃烧实验台上,以频率ff为78~716Hz,幅值A为0.026~0.629的外激信号激励有自激响应的同心分层旋流部分预混预蒸发火焰热声系统,研究其非线性动力学响应。结果表明:系统的自激频率fn为366.85Hz;当外激频率和自激频率的比值为1.022, 幅值A为0.629时,火焰主要被外激频率其谐波控制,其状态轨迹密集在很窄的封闭带中;当外激频率和自激频率的比值与A在其他的范围时,火焰不仅在ff和fn处响应,还在谐频、结合频和分频处响应。说明当外激幅值足够大并且外激频率靠近自激频率时,火焰发生锁相;当火焰未锁相时,出现了谐频、结合频以及分频的非线性响应,火焰准周期振荡。受迫范德波尔振荡器模型能够预测锁相、奇数谐频以及结合频2fn±ff。      

模型燃烧室中值班火焰稳定器的燃烧不稳定性研究

针对值班火焰的燃烧不稳定性问题，通过试验得到了不同当量比工况下的火焰结构、压力脉动信号和热释放脉动信号。对脉动信号进行傅立叶分析，获得了脉动信号的频率和振幅。结果表明，随着当量比增加，火焰形态发生变化，燃烧室内发生了164Hz三阶模态向109Hz二阶模态的转换。对火焰平均结构、火焰瞬态结构和火焰正交分解（POD）结果进行分析后发现，漩涡脱落频率和燃烧室某一阶声学模态耦合是维持燃烧不稳定性的机理，耦合的强弱和漩涡脱落的尺度大小决定了热声振荡的振幅大小，火焰形态的变化导致热释放中心位置的变化是引起模态转换的机理。     

Effects of swirler position on flame response and combustion instabilities

This study is concerned with the experimental and theoretical investigation of the combustion instabilities in a premixed swirl combustor. It is focused on the effects of the swirl mixing distance on the intrinsic thermoacoustic mode. The swirler as an origin of the swirling flow is also the source of the flow disturbance, which has effects on the flame response. The location of the swirler is varied in the experiment to study the effect on combustion instabilities and flame transfer functions. ...     

Detailed modeling of aluminum particle combustion——From single particles to cloud combustion in Bunsen flames

A numerical model for aluminum cloud combustion which includes the effects of interphase heat transfer, phase change, heterogeneous surface reactions, homogeneous combustion,oxide cap growth and radiation within the Euler–Lagrange framework is proposed. The model is validated in single particle configurations with varying particle diameters. The combustion process of a single aluminum particle is analyzed in detail and the particle consumption rates as well as the heat release rates due to the v...     

Similarity phenomena of lean swirling flames at different bulk velocities with acoustic disturbances

In this study, flame responses to acoustic disturbances with different frequencies and amplitudes were experimentally investigated in a lean premixed swirl-stabilized combustor operating at different bulk velocities. The total heat release rate fluctuations and spatial CH* chemiluminescence distributions were captured using a photomultiplier tube and high-speed camera, respectively. The results indicate that the heat release rate exhibits a relatively drastic oscillation and high-order harmonics for low-frequency disturbances. When the bulk velocity and forcing frequency were doubled simultaneously, similar flame structures were observed in the CH* chemiluminescence distributions. As the bulk velocity increases, the gain of the Flame Describing Function (FDF) extends toward the higher frequencies, and the delay time of the flame response decreases. The similarity among FDFs at different bulk velocities was effectively captured by introducing a non-dimensional parameter, defined as the ratio of the flame response delay to the forcing time scale, to replace the dimensional forcing frequency. Furthermore, the availability of the newly defined non-dimensional parameter was verified for flames with different swirl numbers, as this played an important role in determining the flame structures and associated unsteady heat release rate.     

基于滑动弧的燃烧室头部强化燃烧特性

为了研究基于滑动弧的燃烧室头部强化燃烧效果，探究了燃烧室头部的点火过程以及不同等离子体电源输入功率下的点/熄火边界，利用像增强系统获得了CH*基团的分布云图。实验结果表明：输入功率的增大使得燃烧室的点/熄火边界均得到拓展，与160 W工况相比，输入功率为320 W时，点火边界平均拓宽约17.6%，与未放电相比，输入功率为320 W时，熄火边界平均拓宽约45.3%，滑动弧放电对熄火边界拓宽效果明显；当滑动弧能够点燃来流新鲜混合气时，输入功率的增加使得CH*基团分布向上游移动，当输入功率为320 W时，燃烧火焰驻留在燃烧室头部，当滑动弧激励器仅具有助燃作用时，输入功率的增加使得局部CH*基团辐射强度增强，热释放速率增加。     

面向超燃数值模拟的正癸烷高温骨架机理

为了得到一个适用于超声速燃烧模拟的小规模正癸烷骨架机理，以现有的正癸烷燃烧机理（S709）为基础，通过机理简化和参数对比优化的方法，构建了包含27个物种和105个反应的高温骨架机理（S27）。在温度（T：1000–2000 K）、压力（p：0.1–0.3 MPa）、当量比（Φ：0.5–1.5）的超燃典型工况范围内，通过Chemkin-Pro软件计算了S27对于层流火焰速度、点火延迟时间、熄火拉伸率的预测值，在0.1 MPa富燃条件（Φ=1.7）下，计算了主要物种浓度分布，并与文献正癸烷骨架机理（S40，S96）、S709的模拟值和实验数据进行对比，以验证机理的合理性。结果表明S27的计算结果与文献实验数据和S709结果吻合良好。通过研究S27在高温条件下含C物种的反应途径以及影响层流火焰速度的关键反应，进一步证明了S27的合理性。相较于S709及其他正癸烷骨架机理，S27极大地提升了计算效率，展现了此机理应用于超燃流场数值模拟的良好前景。