采用弯叶片的不同折转角压气机叶栅流场气动性能

实验研究了叶片弯曲对不同叶型折转角环形扩压叶栅气动性能的影响,分析了叶栅出口总压损失和二次流速度矢量分布,并给出了壁面静压分布及壁面墨迹流动显示结果。研究结果表明,叶型折转角越大损失分布的对称性越差,根部损失增加明显;弯曲角度和叶型折转角的增大将使得正弯叶栅吸力面反“C”型静压分布加剧,60°叶型折转角叶栅中径处负荷随叶片弯曲角度变化的敏感性强,大弯角时气流易分离,导致总损失激增;综合来说,对比直叶栅,正弯15°叶栅在各种叶型折转角正弯叶栅中减小损失效果最好。     

跨音轴流压气机转子失稳机理研究

以NASA Rotor 37压气机为研究对象,进行了从堵塞点到失稳点的全三维定常数值模拟研究。通过对不同工况下转子叶尖间隙涡的对比分析,揭示了压气机在该转速下的失稳首先是由泄漏涡破裂造成的叶尖通道堵塞,进而扩展到整个叶排形成整机失速,此时叶片吸力面分离造成的堵塞作用还没有达到使压气机失速的程度。     

新型桨尖的旋翼气弹稳定性研究及其应用

本文介绍了所开发的新型桨尖的气弹稳定性分析软件的结构模型、气动模型特点,采用ITR旋翼进行了算例验证,并用25B1.1全尺寸尖削桨叶进行了应用对比分析。结果表明所开发软件计算结果合理、可靠,是一个工程实用的软件。     

高马赫数﹑高负荷双级风扇转子叶尖区域激波结构测量

介绍了在高负荷跨声速风扇上采用高频响测试系统进行双级转子尖部激波结构测量的方法。此方法从测试系统的选取、校准、试验与数据处理等各个环节上都保证了激波测量的准确性 ,最后绘制出 n =0 .9、 0 .95、1.0各状态下的激波结构等压线图。对测试结果进行了分析并与气动设计情况进行了对比 ,两者的吻合使叶型优化设计的合理性与测试及数据分析手段的成功应用得到相互印证 ,为改进设计提供了依据。     

熵产控制体方法对压气机近零间隙流动损失的演变规律

以澄清近零间隙流动结构及流动损失随间隙的变化规律为目标,提出熵产控制体分析方法,可精确量化流场任意位置的局部不可逆损失.数值模拟发现,间隙在0.4%叶高范围内(称近零间隙)效率水平最高且出现一对应峰值效率最高的最佳非零间隙.熵产控制体分析表明:通道内总熵产随间隙变化规律与效率一致;间隙变化对动叶端区20%~80%弦长范围内的熵产改变最为明显,主导了总熵产的变化;间隙变化时熵产改变的流动区域不同,这是由于动叶端区主导损失的流动结构发生改变造成的.进一步结合流场结构,探讨近零间隙流动损失演变的可能原因:间隙为零时壁面剪切力是造成损失的主导因素;最佳间隙时流动均匀,损失最小.      

指尖封严的转子轴心轨迹与泄漏特性的试验

对间隙、过渡、过盈3种配合状态的指尖封严组件的转子轴心轨迹和泄漏特性进行了试验.转子的轴心轨迹采用电涡流传感器进行测量,其测量结果表明:转速越大,转子轴心的偏移越小;在不考虑磨损的情况下轴心偏移对配合状态基本没有影响.由此确保了封严试验台的安全性和有效性.在此基础上,试验研究了转子转速、上下游压差以及封严间隙对泄漏特性的影响.结果表明:泄漏系数随转速增加略有减小;过渡和间隙配合时,在压差小于0.3MPa时泄漏系数随压差增加而增大,压差达到0.3MPa后,泄漏系数趋于平缓;过盈配合时压差对泄漏系数没有明显的影响;泄漏系数随封严间隙的减小而减小,随过盈量的增大而减小.      

Multi-probe linear fitting and time of arrival linear correction method to analyze blade vibration based on blade tip timing without once-per-revolution

Blade vibration monitoring can ensure the safe operation of aero-engine rotor blades. Among the methods of blade vibration monitoring, Blade Tip Timing (BTT) method has attracted more and more attention because of its advantages of non-contact measurement. However, it is difficult to install the Once-Per-Revolution (OPR) probe in the confined space of aero-engine, and the failure and instability of the OPR signal will reduce the reliability of the blade vibration analysis results, which directly affects the accuracy of the blade vibration parameters identification. The Multi-Probe linear fitting and Time of Arrival (ToA) Linear Correction method based on the BTT (MP-LC-BTT) without OPR is proposed to reduce the errors of single probe linear fitting method for blade vibration displacement analysis. The proposed method can also correct the calculation error of blade vibration displacement due to the nonlinear change of rotation speed, which can improve the analysis accuracy of the blade vibration displacement. A new blade vibration model conforming to the actual vibration characteristics is established, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulation. Finally, the reliability and accuracy of the MP-LC-BTT method have been verified by the experiments which include two high-speed blade test-benches and an industrial axial fan. This method can be used in the actual aero-engine monitoring instead of the BTT method with OPR.     

New model-based method for aero-engine turbine blade tip clearance measurement

Active control of aero-engine turbine tip clearance is one of the best chances for engine performance uplift currently. To do that, the first requirement is real-time measurement of tip clearance in aero-engine working environment. However, turbine complexity makes it unlikely for tip clearance sensors to be loaded. In recognition of that, this paper proposed a model-based method for tip clearance measurement. Firstly, by considering previously wrongly neglected factors such as load deformation, a mathematical model to monitor dynamic tip clearance changes is built to improve calculation accuracy. Then, after clarifying the coupling relationship between engine models and tip clearance models, this paper builds a component-level mathematical model integrating dynamic characteristics of turbine tip clearance, which helps realize accurate measurement of tip clearance in working environment. How tip clearance affects turbine efficiency is studied afterwards and reported to aero-engine model, so as to mitigate performance difference between aero-engine model and real engines caused by turbine tip clearance. Lastly, by hardware-in-the-loop simulation, tip clearance model demonstrates 15.9% better accuracy than previously built models in terms of turbine centrifugal deformation calculation. As tip clearance measurement model takes averagely 0.34 ms in calculation, meeting the operation requirement, it proves to be an effective new way.     

转子叶尖间隙形状对跨声速轴流压气机性能影响机理分析

为研究转子不同叶尖间隙形状对跨声速轴流压气机性能的影响机理,分别对平行式叶尖间隙进行渐变式和阶梯式改型 优化,并利用商业软件NUMECA进行数值模拟。结果表明：对平行式叶尖间隙进行渐变式和阶梯式改型优化后,压气机性能有较 大提高,改型后 0.204-0.408的各类间隙压气机性能优于 0.408-0.204间隙的。相比较平行间隙 PTC 0.204-0.204,渐变式 TTC 0.204-0.408和阶梯式STC 0.204-0.408的失速裕度分别提高1.12%和1.61%,峰值效率基本不变,同时近失速工况下的总压比和效 率也略有提高。叶尖泄漏涡得到抑制,间隙处的流体低速区明显减小,流动损失减小,流场得到较大改善。转子通道的总压比在 85%叶高处明显提高,分别提高了1.01%和3.13%。阶梯式叶尖间隙压气机的静子通道40%叶高处总压损失系数减小达75.4%。 对平行式叶尖间隙进行改型处理能够有效提高压气机性能,且阶梯式叶尖间隙比渐变式的对压气机性能提高的效果更加显著。     

计算机辅助导弹部位安排系统研究

本文介绍了一种计算机辅助导弹部位安排系统。它利用计算机实体造型技术,实现了导弹部位安排。系统利用多面体求交法进行干涉检查;应用两多面体之间点、线、面的分层计算法计算部件间的最小间隙;采用改进的三棱锥分割法计算部件的质量特性。系统具有人机交互功能,并可在绘图机上绘制二维部位安排图。本文以某型导弹的仓段部位安排作为实例,对该系统的正确性作了验证。