基于POD方法的跨声速轴流压气机转子叶顶间隙流场分析

以跨声速轴流压气机转子NASA Rotor 36为对象,研究了叶顶间隙流场的非定常流动特性。在数值模拟结果的基础上,采用本征正交分解(POD)方法获取POD模态和时间系数分布规律,进一步分析了近失速工况下叶顶间隙流场的流动特性。结果表明:在近失速工况下,叶顶间隙流场的主导频率为叶顶泄漏涡频率,约为0.6倍转子通过频率;能量较高的POD模态决定了叶顶泄漏涡的波动频率和幅值,低能量的高阶涡则影响流场的细微结构;同时发现,前5阶POD模态就可以很好地重构流场,这为低阶模型的应用提供了一定的理论指导。      

篦齿结构磨损对封严性能的影响

通过对一个4齿的台阶齿进行数值模拟,分析了上台阶流动和下台阶流动在不同压比、不同磨损下封严性能的变化。结果表明:齿尖前缘处磨损对封严性能有不利影响,在所模拟的最恶劣情况下会导致泄漏流量增加约26.0%;而齿尖尾缘处磨损对封严性能有一定提升作用。衬套磨损对封严性能有不利影响,在一定深度范围内封严性能随着磨损深度的增加而降低,但随着衬套磨损深度的继续增加封严性能的恶化趋于不变;而衬套磨损宽度的增加,将造成封严性能持续下降。     

火箭发动机涡轮典型结构形式对叶片低周疲劳寿命的影响研究

以某火箭发动机涡轮为对象,研究了涡轮叶片带冠、不带冠、带部分冠及叶片空心等典型结构形式对叶片低周疲劳寿命的影响。结果表明:叶片不带冠可以消除叶片顶部的疲劳损伤,但使叶背根部损伤增大,危险点位于叶背根部,叶片寿命与带冠叶片相当;带部分冠叶片在消除叶顶疲劳损伤的同时,还可以减缓叶背根部的低周疲劳,危险点位于前缘根部,寿命比原叶片高约116%;叶片空心结构可以有效降低叶片的应力应变水平,减缓叶片疲劳的效果最好,空心叶片危险点位于前缘根部,寿命比原叶片高约370%。     

直升机旋翼桨叶动态气动载荷计算方法

为研究桨叶上的气动力,用动态入流模型计算的诱导速度,挥舞变形运动带来的相对气流,以及由于桨叶扭转和操纵线系变形带来的桨距角变化综合计入翼型气动环境,然后用Ｌｅｉｓｈｍａｎ和Ｂｅｄｄｏｅｓ发展的非定常气动模型计算了翼型的气动力。同时,考虑了桨尖形状对气动力的影响。最后,采用状态空间法对方程进行了离散化处理,以适合于计算机计算。编制了相应的计算程序,用于计算桨叶的气动载荷及其变形,并用算例分析了本方法的适用性。     

涡轮叶栅叶尖间隙流实验研究(英文)

This article describes the effects of some factors on the tip clearance flow in axial linear turbine cascades. The measurements of the total pressure loss coefficient are made at the cascade outlets by using a five-hole probe at exit Mach numbers of 0.10, 0.14 and 0.19. At each exit Mach number, experiments are performed at the tip clearance heights of 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% and 3.0% of the blade height. The effects of the non-uniform tip clearance height of each blade in the pitchwise direction are also studied. The results show that at a given tip clearance height, generally, total pressure loss rises with exit Mach numbers proportionally. At a fixed exit Mach number, the total pressure loss augments nearly proportionally as the tip clearance height increases. The increased tip clearance heights in the tip regions of two adjacent blades are to be blame for the larger clearance loss of the center blade. Compared to the effects of the tip clearance height, the effects of the exit Mach number and the pitchwise variation of the tip clearance height on the cascade total pressure loss are so less significant to be omitted.     

轴流压气机叶尖片削全工况特性分析

以ROTOR3转子为例,采用数值模拟方法对叶尖压力面片削深度(沿叶片切向)及高度(沿叶片展高方向)进行参数化研究.计算得到60%,80%,90%及100%设计转速工况下的全工况特性曲线,并对100%设计转速工况作了详细的内部流场分析.包括原型在内10种模型计算结果表明:在0～50%片削深度和82%～100%展高内片削使ROTOR3转子堵塞流量、总压比、绝热效率略有提高,失速裕度略有下降,但影响并不十分显著.      

涡轮叶尖镶嵌肋条对泄漏流场的影响

结合基于压力修正的采用雷诺应力湍流模型加壁面函数的三维计算流体力学程序,通过沿着叶尖表面加肋条以期减小叶尖间隙泄漏损失,对某一轴流涡轮转子叶尖表面镶嵌肋条对泄漏流场细节的影响进行了数值研究,并详细分析了不同肋条高度和肋条宽度对泄漏流场的影响.结果表明:肋条使得气流通过压力面肋条时出现分离形成回流区,阻碍泄漏流动,减小泄漏损失;肋条高度h对涡轮效率有较大影响,且有个最佳肋条高度值,在最佳肋条高度下涡轮效率提高0.13%;肋条宽度w对流场影响不大,但小肋条宽度形成较大的空腔,可以稍提高涡轮效率.      

Effect of Coriolis and centrifugal forces on flow and heat transfer at high rotation number and high density ratio in non orthogonally internal cooling channel

Numerical predictions of three-dimensional flow and heat transfer are performed for a two-pass square channel with 45° staggered ribs in non-orthogonally mode-rotation using the second moment closure model. At Reynolds number of 25,000, the rotation numbers studied were 0,0.24, 0.35 and 1.00. The density ratios were 0.13, 0.23 and 0.50. The results show that at high buoyancy parameter and high rotation number with a low density ratio, the flow in the first passage is governed by the secondary flow induced by the rotation whereas the secondary flow induced by the skewed ribs was almost distorted. As a result the heat transfer rate is enhanced on both co-trailing and co-leading sides compared to low and medium rotation number. In contrast, for the second passage, the rotation slightly reduces the heat transfer rate on co-leading side at high rotation number with a low density ratio and degrades it significantly on both co-trailing and co-leading sides at high buoyancy parameter compared to the stationary, low and medium rotation numbers. The numerical results are in fair agreement with available experimental data in the bend region and the second passage, while in the first passage were overestimated at low and medium rotation numbers.     

汽轮机叶片叶型测量综述

详细介绍了目前国内外汽轮机叶片和飞机叶片的主要测量方法的测量原理及每１种测量方法能达到的测量精度。最后，作者对叶片未来测量仪器的设计提出了一些自已的观点和建议，对叶片测量仪器的设计具有一定的参考价值。     

机场跑道容量若干问题的研究

在不考虑飞机位置误差以及考虑位置误差两种情况下,分析了飞机机型组合、共用进近航道长度等因素对仅供着陆使用跑道的影响,建立了相应的容量计算方法。同时,对混合运行跑道,在两架着陆飞机之间放行起飞的飞机间隔要求进行了分析,确定了放行起飞飞机间隔的计算方法。