二元收扩喷管气动方案优化设计

为掌握二元收扩喷管气动特性和设计方法,通过数值模拟方法对采用超椭圆方程进行圆转方过渡的小宽高比二元收扩喷管进行研究。计算分析了喉道宽高比、圆转方段长度、收敛调节片长度及扩张调节片长度4个参数对二元收扩喷管气动性能的影响,通过对上述4个参数的优化得出了综合性能较优的二元收扩喷管气动方案。研究结果表明:经过适当优化,二元收扩喷管能够满足工程应用要求,同时,鉴于其在隐身和矢量推进等方面的优势,有必要对其开展更加深入地研究。     

复合材料 ENF 试件裂纹扩展理论分析简

 对复合材料端部缺口弯曲（ENF）试件裂纹扩展过程进行了理论分析,研究了界面参数变化对载荷-位移曲线的影响。首先在梁微段分析的基础上,通过双线性Cohesive本构模型模拟了界面损伤。本文模型中考虑了轴力的影响,根据界面损伤程度对模型进行了分段,并分别获得了各段通解。以裂纹长度以及黏聚区范围为变量分析了ENF试件裂纹扩展过程,求解获得了载荷-位移曲线。通过与已有理论模型结果对比,验证了本文理论分析的正确性,且本文理论考虑了弹性段后非线性的存在。分析了界面参数与黏聚区长度的关系,为界面参数的选取提供了一定的依据。     

进口探针支杆尾迹诱发压气机转子叶片共振的数值研究

为了探究包含支杆直径10mm进口探针的压气机罕见地出现第一级转子叶片动应变超限报警的产生机理,以更换直径8mm+3mm的探针后报警解除的情况作为对比方案,开展了进口探针支杆诱发压气机转子叶片振动的流动机理研究。以试验压气机为研究对象,利用ANSYS APDL命令流语言使用载荷步文件法对该压气机转子叶片进行了单向瞬态流固耦合数值计算。结果表明,两类探针支杆尾迹影响下,压气机转子叶片都发生了共振;引起叶片共振的激振力频率来源于支杆尾迹诱导频率与支杆通过频率的叠加,其中支杆尾迹诱导频率是由支杆尾迹涡脱落与转子叶片通过非同相位所诱导产生;支杆直径减小,支杆尾迹引起的叶片表面激振力减小,使叶片振动应变相应降低。     

变形翼面内变形的研究现状及关键技术

变形机翼作为未来飞机设计的重要发展方向之一，其机翼面内变形的研究已得到广泛的关注。本文分别从变展长、变掠角、变弦长、组合变形四个方面进行分析，阐述面内变形机翼的国内外研究现状，归纳总结变形机理及优缺点，分析其发展趋势。针对该领域的研究现状以及变形机翼的应用要求，提出变形机翼亟待解决的关键技术，包括变形蒙皮技术、变形机构、智能驱动器、传感器及控制网络，阐述各关键技术的应用要求，分析其现存问题，并对未来发展方向进行归纳；以期为面内变形机翼的设计和应用实现提供部分参考。     

Improving aircraft aerodynamic performance with bionic wing obtained by ice shape modulation

For Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with limited electrical power to achieve effectively anti-/de-icing at the leading edge of the wing, a strategy of ice shape modulation was proposed. Isolated simulated ice shape pieces printed by 3D printing technology are mounted on a NACA0012 finite wing model, and its lift/drag coefficients and suction-side velocity fields are measured by the six-component force balance and the Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV), respectively. The ratio of the spanwise length of a single ice shape piece to chord length and the spanwise length of the non-icing area between the two adjacent single ice shape pieces are defined as dimensionless ice shape length (w/c) and dimensionless modulation ratio (w/λ), respectively. The results indicate that for a fixed w/λ, the wing lift coefficient first increases and then drops with increasing w/c, and a peak value exists when w/c is between 0.1 and 0.2. The lower the w/λ is, the higher the wing lift coefficient will be. The periodical variation of the flow separation area along the spanwise direction is attributed on the one hand to the acceleration effect of the flow field in the non-icing area which reduces the separation area, and on the other hand to the cross-flow caused by the streamwise vortices from the non-icing area to the icing area which promotes the mixing of the flow field (similar to vortex generators). The obtained modulation law is verified through flight tests and provides guidance for the use of ice shape modulation scheme for UAVs that cannot be completely anti-/de-icing under severe weather conditions.     

Mechanism of interconnected synchronized switch damping for vibration control of blades

The Synchronized Switch Damping (SSD) is regarded as a promising alternative to mitigate the vibration of thin-walled structures in aero-engines, especially for blades or bladed disks. The common manner is to shunt the switch circuit independently to a single piezoelectric structure. This paper is aimed at exploring a novel way of using the SSD, i.e., the SSD is interconnected between two piezoelectric structures or substructures. The damping mechanism, performance, and effective range of the interconnected SSD are studied numerically and experimentally. First, based on a dual cantilever beam finite element model, the time domain and frequency domain modeling and solving methods of the interconnected SSD are deduced and validated. Then, the influence of the amplitude and phase relationship on the damping effect of the interconnected SSD is numerically studied and compared with the shunted SSD. A self-sensing SSD control board is developed, and experimental studies are carried out. The results show that the interconnected SSD establishes an additional energy channel between the corresponding piezoelectric structures. When the amplitudes of the two cantilever beams are different, the interconnected SSD balances the vibration level of each beam. When the amplitudes of the two cantilever beams are the same, if the appropriate interconnection manner is selected according to the phase, the resonance peak can be reduced by more than 30%. When the vibration is in-phase/out-of-phase, the damping generated by the interconnected SSD in a cross/parallel manner is even more significant than the shunted SSD. Furthermore, this novel connection scheme reduces the number of SSD circuits in half. Finally, for engineering applications, we implement the proposed damping technology to the finite element model of a typical dummy bladed disk. A piezoelectric damping ratio of 13.7% is achieved when the amount of piezo material is only 10% of blade mass. Compared with traditional friction dampers, the major advancements of the interconnected SSD are: (A) it can reduce the vibration level of blades without friction interface; (B) the space constraint is overcome, i.e., the vibration energy is not necessarily dissipated independently in one sector or through physically adjacent blades, and instead, the dissipation and transfer of vibrational energy can be realized between any blade pair. If a specific gating circuit is adopted to adjust the interconnection manner of the SSD, vibration mitigation under variable working conditions with different engine orders will be expected; (C) designers do not need to worry about the annoying nonlinearities related to working conditions anymore.     

风机叶片断裂原因分析

叶片在安装试运行过程中发生断裂,断裂位置位于叶根附近,通过对故障件的观察、测试与分析,确定了叶片发生低周疲劳断裂的原因是由于生产过程中工艺控制不良,叶片根部局部区域树脂固化不完全,导致该区域的强度、刚度极低,当受到疲劳载荷作用时在结构应力集中区域首先发生分层开裂、扩展直至最终失稳断裂。同时指出固化不完全的原因。     

基于叶端定时的转子叶片裂纹监测与诊断

为了实现转子叶片裂纹非接触式监测，提出基于??0范数的叶端定时欠采样信号稀疏重构算法。针对叶端定时信号欠采样问题，建立欠采样信号稀疏表示模型，利用分块正交匹配追踪算法对叶端定时欠采样信号进行分段重构，进而监测在变转速非稳态工况下转子叶片动频的变化情况，据此判断转子叶片是否产生裂纹。针对应变片信号间隔采样的特点，研究基于同步提取变换的时频分析方法，以提高时频图的时频聚集性。开展旋转叶片裂纹扩展试验，同时采用叶端定时和应变片系统测量叶片振动。对比叶端定时和应变片的分析结果，二者均可在裂纹叶片断裂之前至少20min，监测到裂纹叶片和正常叶片的动频发生分离的现象，即裂纹萌生致使叶片动频发生偏移，表明所提出的叶端定时欠采样信号重构方法能够实现转子叶片裂纹的监测与诊断。     

Non-synchronous blade vibration analysis of a transonic fan

This study numerically investigates the aeromechanic behavior of a transonic fan model with a flat tip-leading-edge on the NASA rotor 67 test case. Single-passage unsteady calculations at a near stall operating point of 82% design speed show that the dominant frequencies of mass flow were not the harmonics of the rotor rotational frequency. A full-annulus fluid–structure interaction analysis was subsequently carried out to examine the unsteady flows and their interactions with blade vibrations. The results show that the modal displacement of the backward traveling seventh nodal diameter of the second torsion mode grew exponentially, which reveals that the blade vibration was non-synchronous. The vibration pattern indicates that the aerodynamic mode was resonant with the structural vibration mode. Around the rotor tip, the circumferential vortical propagation induced by interactions among the main flow, tip leakage flow, and tip clearance vortex was the source of aerodynamic excitation. To clarify the mechanism of the non-synchronous vibration, the coupling between aerodynamic disturbance and structural response, i.e., aliasing, was summarized. The frequency spectra of the fluctuating pressure show that an aerodynamic Backward Traveling Wave (BTW) was co-aliased to a structural BTW due to the propagation of the circumferential vortex. The correlation between the frequency and free convective speed of the aerodynamic disturbance determined the directions of aliasing.     

光纤环非互易相位误差尾纤补偿方法研究CSCD

针对光纤环的热致非互易误差的补偿方法进行研究,并通过仿真分析与实验验证,证明了某种光纤环尾纤长度与光纤环热致非互易误差之间的关系。根据等效介质理论和Mohr理论,建立了光纤环热致非互易相位误差仿真分析模型,并利用该模型计算了不同温度环境条件下,某类型光纤环顺逆时针方向光纤长度发生变化时,陀螺仪输出的全温零位漂移的变化量。仿真及实验结果表明,在1℃/min温变速率条件下,总长约800m的光纤环圈顺逆时针方向光纤长度相差约0.5m时,光纤环全温零位漂移量缩小了0.4(°)/h。研究结果得出了针对此类型的光纤环,当光纤环尾纤每减少0.5m,其热致非互易相位误差减小0.4(°)/h的规律。该项研究成果为后续优化光纤环的全温精度奠定了基础。