钛合金弧板类零件冲压成型回弹仿真计算

采用板料成型仿真软件Pamstamp对钛合金Ti-15-3材料弧板零件冲压成型回弹进行仿真计算,预测了不同阴模型面圆弧尺寸冲压成型后的回弹量.依据计算结果优选的阴模型面圆弧尺寸设计了成型模具,并进行了冲压成型试验.零件试验件型面尺寸与设计型面尺寸最大相差0.15 mm,满足不大于0.2 mm的要求.结果表明：采用仿真软件Pamstamp进行回弹仿真计算对Ti-15-3材料弧板成型模具设计和零件快速制造是可行的;采用本计算结果减少了模具返修次数,降低了成本,提高了钣金成型质量和生产效率.     

Modeling bending behavior of shape memory alloy wire-reinforced composites: Semi-analytical model and finite element analysis

In this study, we propose a novel and simple exact semi-analytical model for superelastic Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wire reinforced composites subjected to bending loads. In order to study the mechanical response of the composite during loading/unloading, a Representative Volume Element (RVE) is extracted to examine the bending response of the composite. Analytical moment–curvature, and shear force-shear strain relations are derived based on a 3-Dimensional (3D) thermomechanical SMA model and Timoshenko beam theory. The composite Simpson’s rule is adopted to numerically solve the exact analytical moment–curvature and shear force-shear strain relationships. Results including the moment–curvature response, axial stress distribution along the vertical and longitudinal directions, martensite volume fraction, and the tip deflection are reported and validated against 3D finite element simulations. The influence of temperature, martensite volume fraction distribution, and matrix stiffness on the mechanical performance of the composite is also investigated. In particular, the composite is found to behave superelastically under certain conditions of temperature, SMA volume fraction, and elastic stiffness of the matrix. Such behavior is advantageous in applications requiring large recoverable strains or high energy dissipation density.     

2060铝锂合金冷模热成形界面换热系数确定的实验与算法

2060铝锂合金具有密度低、比强度高等优势,在航空航天零件制造领域已得到广泛应用。通过冷模热成形工艺可以提高2060铝锂合金成形性,减少开裂、拉毛、回弹等缺陷的发生,后续时效处理可以提高零件整体刚度。然而在实际成形过程中缺乏对温度场的准确预测,即缺乏2060铝锂合金在变压强下界面换热行为的准确描述,无法对成形效果进行评估。本文利用冷模热成形界面换热测试平台,对不同压强下2060铝锂合金与H13热作模具钢的换热行为进行测试研究,基于考虑模具钢变热物性参数的显式有限差分法反算模具表面温度,计算得到不同压强下的界面换热系数,并与Beck反传热算法进行对比,两者计算结果相近。实验结果显示2060铝锂合金IHTC随压强增大而增大,在20 MPa下IHTC=1.906 6 kW/（m²·K）。改进的有限差分法具有计算效率高、速度快、反映实际模具内部温度场、误差较低等优点,可拓展应用于其他薄板材料在冷模热成形条件下的界面换热系数求解。     

Nonlinear bending analysis of a 3D braided composite cylindrical panel subjected to transverse loads in thermal environments

The aim of this study is to investigate nonlinear bending for a 3-Dimensional(3D)braided composite cylindrical panel which has transverse loads on its finite length. By refining a micro-macro-mechanical model, the 3D braided composite can be treated as a representative average cell system. The geometric structural properties of its components deeply depend on their positions in the section of the cylindrical panel. The embedded elastic medium of the panel can be described by a Pasternak elastic foundation. Via using the shell theory of the von Ka′rma′nDonnell type of kinematic nonlinearity, governing equations can be established to get higherorder shear deformation. The mixed Galerkin-perturbation method is applied to get the nonlinear bending behavior of the 3D braided cylindrical panel with a simply supported boundary condition.Based on the analysis of the braided composite cylindrical panel with variable initial stress, geometric parameter, fiber volume fraction, and elastic foundation, serial numerical illustrations are archived to represent the appropriate nonlinear bending responses.     

等应变模变薄拉延时的上限法研究

首次拟定了等应变模变薄拉延时的运动学容许速度场。根据上限原理,研究了等应变模变薄拉延时各变形工艺参数对冲头单位压力的作用。同时,结合最小能量原理,优化了重要工艺参数-凹模型线高度(H_opt)值。研究结果表明:变薄系数、加工硬化效应、变形体与凹模间的摩擦是决定冲头单位压力的主要因素;变薄系数、变形体与凹模间的摩擦和工件外形尺寸R_e值是确定H_opt值的决定性因素。黄铜H62和H68的实验结果表明:理论分析与实验结果比较一致。     

聚氨酯橡胶通用模在冲裁微薄零件中的应用

介绍了聚氨酯橡胶通用模冲裁的机理,模具结构,用该模具冲裁品种多、批量小的航空机载设备产品中的微薄零件所取得的技术经济效果,并对生产中出现的技术问题提出了解决办法。     

整体壁板时效成形的回弹预测及模面补偿技术

时效成形是一种用于制造飞机整体壁板零件的成形工艺。由于其具有回弹量大的特点,需要开发一种准确预测成形后回弹量的方法,并在此基础上对模具型面进行补偿,以消除回弹对成形精度的影响。本文将有限元法应用于网格式高筋壁板时效成形及回弹的分析,并通过实验验证了有限元预测回弹量的准确性。提出了一种基于有限元回弹预测的适用于铝合金时效成形的模具型面补偿算法,并应用该算法进行了复杂高筋整体壁板局部件时效成形的修模计算分析。通过9次迭代计算,零件成形误差减小到0.4 mm以内,证明了该算法具有收敛速度快、精度高的优点。     

模块化可重构无人机机翼结构优化方法研究

模块化可重构无人机设计工况复杂、约束多样,需要根据不同设计思想的特点研究适用的优化方法才能得到最优方案。本文开展针对多模型的同步优化方法研究,给出不同构型机翼翼根弯矩约束方法,提出多构型机翼结构前后梁弯矩比例约束下的同步优化技术,并以某模块化可重构无人机机翼为对象进行应用验证。结果表明：与文献中模块化机翼优化结果相比,本文多构型机翼结构同步优化方法在解决整机翼更换的模块化可重构机翼结构优化问题时具有很高的适用性和收敛性,以及广阔的工程推广价值。     

表面处理对三维浅交弯联机织复合材料界面及弯曲性能的影响

以2400 tex无捻玻璃纤维粗纱为原料,在SGA598型三维织机上制备出一种三维浅交弯联机织复合材料预制体,使用硅烷偶联剂KH-570作为表面活性剂,采用涂抹、浸泡的方法对预制体进行表面处理以改善复合材料的界面性能。以环氧树脂E51和固化剂聚醚胺WHR-H023以质量比3∶1的比例组成树脂体系,并将经过表面处理的预制体与树脂基体以质量比1∶1的比例通过手糊的方式复合成型,制得三维浅交弯联机织复合材料。分别借助傅里叶红外光谱仪、原子力显微镜、万能材料试验机、扫描电镜等仪器来测试与验证KH-570对预制体及复合材料的处理效果。结果表明,经过KH-570处理后,预制体表面粗糙度增大、比表面积增加,从而使得纤维与树脂界面结合更加紧密;复合材料的弯曲性能随着KH-570的增加而增强;复合材料主要破坏形式为纤维断裂,纤维在树脂中抽拔现象较少。     

先进航空板材成形技术应用现状与发展趋势

板材成形技术是武器装备发展中至关重要的技术之一,是一个国家军事技术能力和科技水平的重要组成部分。本文综合论述了以超塑成形/扩散连接技术、喷丸和蠕变时效成形技术、柔性多点模具蒙皮拉形技术和旋压成形技术等为代表的先进航空板材成形技术的应用现状,总结和提出了航空板材成形技术的发展趋势和重点。