基于离散元的粉末燃料输送弯管两相流特性研究

弯管是粉末燃料冲压发动机燃料输送系统的重要组成部分,为了研究弯管内气固两相流的流场结构、颗粒碰撞以及压力损失的变化规律,基于连续相-离散元（CFD-DEM）耦合模型,考虑颗粒的碰撞受力和弹塑性形变,对铝粉在弯管内的流动状况进行数值仿真。研究结果表明：CFD-DEM算法相对于传统的双流体模型和轨道法,能更为准确地描述颗粒流的碰撞信息和两相流的流动状况。弯管内的总压损失随流化气流量的增加,呈先减少再增加的趋势,在本文研究的条件下,优选的流化气流量为6g/s~7g/s(流化气速度为3.0m/s~3.5m/s);在低流速下,颗粒间的碰撞次数远大于颗粒-壁面间的碰撞,随着流速的增高,颗粒与外侧壁面间的碰撞次数迅速增高,并导致颗粒-壁面间的碰撞次数超过颗粒间的碰撞。弯管的弯径越大,弯管内的总压损失越大,但颗粒-颗粒、颗粒-壁面的碰撞次数均减少。     

采用线膨胀系数可控ZrO2-TiO2陶瓷模具的钛合金高精度超塑成形

对线膨胀系数可控的ZrO2-TiO2陶瓷模具及钛合金高精度超塑成形进行了系统研究。探讨了TiO2体积分数和相对密度对ZrO2-TiO2陶瓷的线膨胀系数的影响规律,并引入相对密度修正模型——Turner模型来准确预测复合陶瓷材料的线膨胀系数。采用压痕法检测了与TC4钛合金等膨胀系数的ZrO2-TiO2陶瓷模具的超塑成形精度。在925℃下,利用ZrO2-TiO2陶瓷模具进行超塑成形,其使用性能良好。结果表明:ZrO2-TiO2陶瓷的线膨胀系数随TiO2体积分数的增加而减小,随相对密度的增加而增加。采用线膨胀系数优化的ZrO2-TiO2陶瓷模具,成形精度误差大幅降低,不超过0.1%,且陶瓷模具具有足够的热机械性能进行超塑成形,使用性能优良。     

高精度板料半模成形新工艺

通过三个精密零件的成形实验，介绐了以粘塑性材料作传力介质的板料半模成形工艺的特点，研究了拉延过程中抗延力、压边力、容框内压的变化规律，工艺参数的控制对拉延所成败及产品质量的影响。     

星载高精度反射面模具型面补偿设计方法

为满足高通量卫星对反射面高精度型面和低成本要求，从碳纤维蜂窝夹层结构反射面在固化成型过程中的固化收缩变形角度出发，根据模具型面补偿原理，提出了反射面模具型面补偿设计方法，并基于六面体单元有限元模型和三维正交各项异性材料属性及三点边界约束方法进行了试验验证。试验结果表明，通过型面补偿后的铸铁模具加工得到的两米口径反射面型面精度达到0.096mm均方根（root mean square,RMS），为模具型面补偿和高精度反射面提供了参考。     

Metal flow hysteresis behavior and shape control strategy during porthole die extrusion of micro heat pipe

The shape control strategy of micro grooves is still unclear and challenging during the porthole die extrusion of grooved micro heat pipe (MHP). Through the simulation and experiment of porthole die extrusion of a MHP profile, the metal flow hysteresis behavior within micro features and the effect of ram speed and extrusion temperature on it and the resulting forming integrity was elucidated. Innovatively, Taguchi design and variance analysis (ANOVA) were introduced to determine their influence magnitude on the metal flow uniformity calculated by simulation results. The main findings are given below. The metal flow hysteresis derives from part feature size effect. The negligible friction-affected area during conventional extrusion severely slows down the metal flow within micro features during the MHP profile extrusion, which is due to the surge in the area ratio of the friction-affected area to the region in which it is located. Neither ram speed nor extrusion temperature can change the distribution of the friction-affected area. However, increasing ram speed multiplies the metal flow hysteresis and severely reduces the forming integrity, whereas extrusion temperature has little effect. Following this strategy, batch extrusion of the profile with micro-grooved width of 0.27 ± 0.02 mm was achieved in industrialized conditions.     

Experimental and numerical investigation of mechanical behavior of plain woven CFRP composites subjected to three-point bending

The mechanical behavior of plain woven Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites under Three-Point Bending (TPB) is investigated via experimental and numerical approaches. Multiscale models, including microscale, mesoscale and macroscale models, have been developed to characterize the TPB strength and damages. Thereinto, Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) of the microscale and mesoscale structures are established to determine the effective properties of carbon-fiber yarn and CFRP composites, respectively. Aimed at accurately and efficiently predicting the TPB behavior, an Equivalent Cross-Ply Laminate (ECPL) cell is proposed to simplify the inherent woven architecture, and the effective properties of the subcell are computed using a local homogenization approach. The macroscale model of the TPB specimen is constructed by a topology structure of ECPL cells to predict the mechanical behavior. The TPB experiments have been performed to validate the multiscale models. Both the experimental and numerical results reveal that delamination mainly appears in the top and bottom interfaces of the CFRP laminates. And matrix cracking and delamination are identified as the significant damage modes during the TPB process. Finally, the quasi-static and dynamic behaviors of plain woven composites are discussed by comparing the results of Low-Velocity Impact (LVI) and TPB simulations.     

胶接修复对碳纤维复合材料层合板挠度的影响

为了研究胶接修复对碳纤维复合材料层合板弯曲挠度的影响，试验设置了阶梯搭接和斜面搭接两种搭接方式，通过三点弯曲实验和数字图像相关技术（DIC）来研究胶接接头的弯曲变形情况。结果表明，在相同搭接长度下，阶梯搭接试件的失效载荷和弯曲强度均低于斜面搭接试件；试件的弯曲挠度与强度和搭接长度有关，搭接长度越长，弯曲强度越高，而弯曲挠度越小。由此表明，搭接长度越长，胶接层合板的强度越高，但不利于层合板的柔性变形。     

基于线性位移模式的环形谐振子理论研究

环形谐振子理论是谐振陀螺研究领域的重要内容,然而在目前经典环形谐振子理论中,仍 存在很多问题尚未解决,例如:挠度控制方程不能精确求解环形结构的弯曲问题,获得的二阶弯曲 角频率及进动系数理论解不能充分反映出其随尺寸参数(如高度h、曲率半径r 等)变化的影响规 律等。为了克服上述不足,从环形结构理论的基本假设和基本条件出发,基于环形结构的线性位 移模式假设、虚功原理和哈密顿原理,建立新的环形谐振子理论,包括广义本构关系、平衡方程和 边界条件等,获得环形结构静态弯曲问题的解析求解方法和动态问题的理论解。最后,针对典型 的环形结构静、动态问题,通过与其他理论结果进行对比,验证了理论和求解方法的正确性。工作 表明,进动系数不是恒定的,其值会随着结构尺寸的不同在0.4附近很小范围内发生变化。