氢氧火炬点火器低压燃烧流动仿真研究

为研究低压条件下氢氧喷注间距及液滴粒径对氢氧火炬式电点火器燃烧流动的影响规律,结合DPM离散相模型,采用6组分16步氢氧反应机理,选取考虑湍流燃烧效应的涡耗散概念燃烧模型进行仿真计算,并将结果与试验结果进行比对,温度结果符合得较好,压强计算偏差在5%以内,验证了仿真模型的准确性。仿真结果表明:低压条件下,氢氧喷注间距增加时,点火器头部内壁温度升高,室压降低,燃烧长度缩短;液氢液滴直径增大时,点火器头部内壁温度升高,室压降低,燃烧长度变长;改变液氧液滴直径对点火器燃烧流动影响较小。      

不确定初缺陷简支梁非线性屈曲载荷的确定

给出了初缺陷简支梁非线性屈曲载荷的一种计算方法,这种方法避免了求解常微分方程组初值问题,节约了计算工作量.并将描述初缺陷的傅里叶系数视为有界随机变量,提出了计算屈曲载荷界限的区间方法.当初缺陷统计数据较充分时,用概率统计法计算了一定可靠度下屈曲载荷的界限.最后,对两种方法的结果进行了比较,定性地给出了各自的适用范围.     

数字通信信号漂移测量方法研究

在通信系统中,数字信号的传输漂移是衡量数据传输质量的一项重要指标,因此对数字信号漂移量的准确测量是非常重要的。介绍了数字通信信号漂移的定义、测量原理和目前国内外测量数字通信信号漂移指标的主要方法,示波器法和专用漂移测量仪表法适用于测量准确度要求不高的工程测量,而时间间隔测量法和频偏测量法适用于建立测量标准。最后简介了北京无线电计量测试研究所建立的数字通信信号漂移测量仪检定装置。     

预防性维修任务可执行区间权衡确定方法研究

直接维修成本（DMC）是航空器制造商向运营人进行经济性担保的一项主要参数,是运营阶段监控维修成本的参考比较基准。提出一种兼顾考虑DMC担保值和计划维修要求所列维修间隔的预防性维修任务可执行区间权衡确定方法,分析该方法的数据采集需求,介绍其使用流程,对度量预防性维修任务经济性的指标参数进行定义,进而给出维修任务可执行区间的确定方法。结果表明：该方法能够从经济可承受性的角度确定出每一项预防性维修任务的可执行区间,为航空器运营人整合实施维修任务提供参考,达到控制优化维修成本的目的。     

Loopy belief propagation based data association for extended target tracking

The data association problem of multiple extended target tracking is very challenging because each target may generate multiple measurements. Recently, the belief propagation based multiple target tracking algorithms with high efficiency have been a research focus. Different from the belief propagation based Extended Target tracking based on Belief Propagation (ET-BP) algorithm proposed in our previous work, a new graphical model formulation of data association for multiple extended target tracking is proposed in this paper. The proposed formulation can be solved by the Loopy Belief Propagation (LBP) algorithm. Furthermore, the simplified measurement set in the ET-BP algorithm is modified to improve tracking accuracy. Finally, experiment results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than the ET-BP and joint probabilistic data association based on the simplified measurement set algorithms in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Additionally, the convergence of the proposed algorithm is verified in the simulations.     

Basic belief assignment approximations using degree of non-redundancy for focal element

Dempster-Shafer evidence theory, also called the theory of belief function, is widely used for uncertainty modeling and reasoning. However, when the size and number of focal elements are large, the evidence combination will bring a high computational complexity. To address this issue, various methods have been proposed including the implementation of more efficient combination rules and the simplifications or approximations of Basic Belief Assignments (BBAs). In this paper, a novel principle for approximating a BBA into a simpler one is proposed, which is based on the degree of non-redundancy for focal elements. More non-redundant focal elements are kept in the approximation while more redundant focal elements in the original BBA are removed first. Three types of degree of non-redundancy are defined based on three different definitions of focal element distance, respectively. Two different implementations of this principle for BBA approximations are proposed including a batch and an iterative type. Examples, experiments, comparisons and related analyses are provided to validate proposed approximation approaches.     

An improved α-cut approach to transforming fuzzy membership function into basic belief assignment

In practical applications, pieces of evidence originated from different sources might be modeled by different uncertainty theories. To implement the evidence combination under the Dempster–Shafer evidence theory(DST) framework, transformations from the other type of uncertainty representation into the basic belief assignment are needed. a-Cut is an important approach to transforming a fuzzy membership function into a basic belief assignment, which provides a bridge between the fuzzy set theory and the DST. Some drawbacks of the traditional a-cut approach caused by its normalization step are pointed out in this paper. An improved a-cut approach is proposed, which can counteract the drawbacks of the traditional a-cut approach and has good properties. Illustrative examples, experiments and related analyses are provided to show the rationality of the improved a-cut approach.     

A New Probabilistic Transformation in Generalized Power Space

The mapping from the belief to the probability domain is a controversial issue, whose original purpose is to make (hard) decision, but for contrariwise to erroneous widespread idea/claim, this is not the only interest for using such mappings nowadays. Actually the probabilistic transformations of belief mass assignments are very useful in modern multitarget multisensor tracking systems where one deals with soft decisions, especially when precise belief structures are not always available due to the existence of uncertainty in human being's subjective judgments. Therefore, a new probabilistic transformation of interval-valued belief structure is put forward in the generalized power space, in order to build a subjective probability measure from any basic belief assignment defined on any model of the frame of discernment. Several examples are given to show how the new transformation works and we compare it to the main existing transformations proposed in the literature so far. Results are provided to illustrate the rationality and efficiency of this new proposed method making the decision problem simpler.     

空间可展开结构区间模型修正方法

传统的模型修正未考虑工程中存在的几何尺寸、材料参数、间隙等不确定性,修正后有限元模型预测精度较低。为提高有限元模型的预测精度,准确预测结构的静动力学特性,对考虑参数不确定性的模型修正进行了研究,提出了一种基于Kriging模型和泛灰数的区间模型修正方法。首先,通过灵敏度分析确定待修正参数,并以修正参数为变量,构造基于Kriging模型的区间响应目标函数;其次,引入泛灰数将区间优化问题转换为区间上限和区间直径两个全局优化问题;然后,利用Kriging模型结合遗传算法给出修正后的参数区间形式;最后,通过该方法对含铰链间隙的某空间可展开结构进行了模型修正。结果表明,修正后参数区间与真实区间重合度较高,修正后结构响应预测区间与实际区间吻合,验证了方法的有效性,为大型空间可展开结构的模型修正提供了一个有效可行的途径。     

The cognitive adequacy of Allen's interval calculus for qualitative spatial representation and reasoning

Qualitative spatial reasoning (QSR) is often claimed to be cognitively more plausible than conventional numerical approaches to spatial reasoning, because it copes with the indeterminacy of spatial data and allows inferences based on incomplete spatial knowledge. The paper reports experimental results concerning the cognitive adequacy of an important approach used in QSR, namely the spatial interpretation of the interval calculus introduced by Allen (1983). Knauff, Rauh and Schlieder (1995) distinguished between the conceptual and inferential cognitive adequacy of Allen's interval calculus. The former refers to the thirteen base relations as a representational system and the latter to the compositions of these relations as a tool for reasoning. The results of two memory experiments on conceptual adequacy show that people use ordinal information similar to the interval relations when representing and remembering spatial arrangements. Furthermore, symmetry transformations on the interval relations were found to be responsible for most of the errors, whereas conceptualneighborhood theory did not appear to correspond to cognitively relevant concepts. Inferential adequacy was investigated by two reasoning experiments and the results show that in inference tasks where the number of possible interval relations for the composition is more than one, subjects ignore numerous possibilities and interindividually prefer the same relations. Reorientations and transpositions operating on the relations seem to be important for reasoning performance as well, whereas conceptual neighborhood did not appear to affect the difficulty of reasoning tasks based on the interval relations.