Haze removal for UAV reconnaissance images using layered scattering model

During the unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV) reconnaissance missions in the middle-low troposphere, the reconnaissance images are blurred and degraded due to the scattering process of aerosol under fog, haze and other weather conditions, which reduce the image contrast and color fidelity. Considering the characteristics of UAV itself, this paper proposes a new algorithm for dehazing UAV reconnaissance images based on layered scattering model. The algorithm starts with the atmosphere scattering model, using the imaging distance, squint angle and other metadata acquired by the UAV. Based on the original model, a layered scattering model for dehazing is proposed. Considering the relationship between wave-length and extinction coefficient, the airlight intensity and extinction coefficient are calculated in the model. Finally, the restored images are obtained. In addition, a classification method based on Bayesian classification is used for classification of haze concentration of the image, avoiding the trouble of manual working. Then we evaluate the haze removal results according to both the subjective and objective criteria. The experimental results show that compared with the origin image, the comprehensive index of the image restored by our method increases by 282.84%, which proves that our method can obtain excellent dehazing effect.     

基于贝叶斯模型的长码DS-CDMA信号扩频码与信息序列联合估计

 针对长码直接序列扩频码分多址(DS-CDMA)信号的盲解扩,在信号模型分析的基础上,提出了一种基于可逆跳跃的马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗(RJ-MCMC)扩频码和信息序列联合估计算法。该算法分别对建立的联合后验分布模型进行迭代抽样,并有效地在不同维数的子空间中跳转,从而构造一条马尔可夫链,使其平稳分布为待估参数的后验分布,最终拼接得到每个用户的完整扩频序列和信息序列估计。仿真结果表明:该方法在迭代二十几步时达到收敛;并且在功率相同和不同条件下,当信噪比(SNR)大于-9 dB时,估计序列与真实序列的相似度均超过0.95,信息序列的误码率低于0.01;同时算法对不同用户个数和不同调制样式具有较强的适应性,与Fast-ICA算法相比,估计性能平均提高了约3 dB。     

基于模糊贝叶斯的导弹武器系统可靠性和可用性分析

综合考虑了装备、保障系统、管理和人员、保障方案等要素,提出了一种基于模糊贝叶斯的导弹武器系统可靠性和可用性分析方法,将先验信息和样本数据有效融合,采用模糊随机变量来处理数据的不确定。通过算例分析,验证了模型的有效性。结论表明,该方法所得的评估结果符合装备的实际情况。     

A model for discrimination and prediction of mental workload of aircraft cockpit display interface

With respect to the ergonomic evaluation and optimization in the mental task design of the aircraft cockpit display interface, the experimental measurement and theoretical modeling of mental workload were carried out under flight simulation task conditions using the performance evaluation, subjective evaluation and physiological measurement methods. The experimental results show that with an increased mental workload, the detection accuracy of flight operation significantly reduced and the reaction time was significantly prolonged; the standard deviation of R-R intervals（SDNN） significantly decreased, while the mean heart rate exhibited little change; the score of NASA_TLX scale significantly increased. On this basis, the indexes sensitive to mental workload were screened, and an integrated model for the discrimination and prediction of mental workload of aircraft cockpit display interface was established based on the Bayesian Fisher discrimination and classification method. The original validation and cross-validation methods were employed to test the accuracy of the results of discrimination and prediction of the integrated model, and the average prediction accuracies determined by these two methods are both higher than 85%. Meanwhile, the integrated model shows a higher accuracy in discrimination and prediction of mental workload compared with single indexes. The model proposed in this paper exhibits a satisfactory coincidence with the measured data and could accurately reflect the variation characteristics of the mental workload of aircraft cockpit display interface, thus providing a basis for the ergonomic evaluation and optimization design of the aircraft cockpit display interface in the future.     

液体火箭发动机可靠性增长分析与决策研究

液体火箭发动机试验费用昂贵、可靠性要求高，有必要采用分析和决策技术对可靠性增长进行综合管理。传统的可靠性增长分析与决策是采用可靠性增长模型，包括经典可靠性增长模型和Bayes可靠性增长模型。可靠性增长模型以可靠度的点估计或置信下降作为决策标准，缺陷是没有考虑可靠度本身的不确定性以及由决策损失导致的严重后果。本文根据液体火箭发动机的特点，采用信息融合技术，建立了基于增长数据折合的Bayes指数分布可靠性增长模型，评估可靠性水平。针对评估结果存在的不确定性，采用Bayes风险决策方法确定停止可靠性增长试验时间的标准。工程应用表明：该方法可操作性强，得出的结果科学、可靠。     

指数分布双样预测的Bayes方法

本文对指数分布的双样预测问题用Bayes方法进行了讨论，结果表明，定数截尾时，无信息先验分布的Bayes预测限与经典预测限相同，但两者的预测子不一致，对有替换定时截尾，给出了经典方法目前尚未给出的双样预测问题的Bayes预测子与预测限，并用数值例说明了这些方法。     

（对数）正态未来观测的预测分布及其应用

本文用Bayes方法给出了正态、对数正态分布示来观测的预测分布。据此，给出了两分布未来观测值的预测子与预测区间及两分布可靠性的Bayes估计，而经典预测区间与无信息先验分布下的Bayes预测区间相间。     

Bayesian分类方法在微小型飞行器视觉导航中的应用

在微小型飞行器的视觉导航中,图像分割的基本工作是将天地两部分分割开.这是形成整个视觉导航系统闭环控制的基础.而欲实现天地分割,则以特征线的提取为前提.本文分别从自底向上和自顶向下两种思路出发,利用广义Hough变换和基于多尺度最小方差的方法,进行了全局特征线的提取.然后,采用Bayesian分类的方法,实现了对微小型飞行器视觉导航至关重要的天地分割.通过具有典型意义的仿真实验,比较了两种方法所获得的结果,揭示了两种方法应用于微小型飞行器视觉导航的优点和缺点.     

无人战斗机的态势感知模型框架

提出了利用面向对象的贝叶斯网络构建无人战斗机的态势感知模型框架，探索了有利于多机协同作战的态势感知模型，以及作战环境具有多个不同威胁实体的态势感知；给出了无人战斗机态势感知的特点及威胁水平评估模型，以及构建基于多机协同的态势感知模型的具体步骤。     

基于桶消元的数控机床故障模糊贝叶斯网络推理方法

用模糊数描述节点的多种故障状态,用模糊子集描述根节点的故障概率,用贝叶斯网络的条件概率表描述节点间的不确定关系,构建数控机床故障的模糊贝叶斯网络;采用桶消元算法,对数控机床故障的模糊贝叶斯网络进行推理和计算,获得根节点的后验概率,为数控机床故障诊断与分析提供依据;最后,以数控机床刀架系统故障的贝叶斯网络推理过程为例,验证所提理论和方法的有效性。