广义回归神经网络在MC-CDMA多用户检测中的应用

在简要介绍了反传(BP)神经网络,径向基神经网络(RBFN),广义回归神经网络(GRNN)的基础上,可知GRNN与传统的基于反传(BP)算法的神经网络相比,有收敛速度快,鲁棒性强等优点,本文将广义回归神经网络(GRNN)技术援引到MC-CDMA多用户检测中,进行了误码率和收敛性的仿真计算,表明了GRNN在多用户检测应用中的优越性和有效性。     

Severe disruption of the cytoskeleton and immunologically relevant surface molecules in a human macrophageal cell line in microgravity—Results of an in vitro experiment on board of the Shenzhou-8 space mission

During spaceflight the immune system is one of the most affected systems of the human body. During the SIMBOX (Science in Microgravity Box) mission on Shenzhou-8, we investigated microgravity-associated long-term alterations in macrophageal cells, the most important effector cells of the immune system. We analyzed the effect of long-term microgravity on the cytoskeleton and immunologically relevant surface molecules. Human U937 cells were differentiated into a macrophageal phenotype and exposed to microgravity or 1g on a reference centrifuge on-orbit for 5 days. After on-orbit fixation, the samples were analyzed with immunocytochemical staining and confocal microscopy after landing. The unmanned Shenzhou-8 spacecraft was launched on board a Long March 2F (CZ-2F) rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC) and landed after a 17-day-mission. We found a severely disturbed actin cytoskeleton, disorganized tubulin and distinctly reduced expression of CD18, CD36 and MHC-II after the 5 days in microgravity. The disturbed cytoskeleton, the loss of surface receptors for bacteria recognition, the activation of T lymphocytes, the loss of an important scavenger receptor and of antigen-presenting molecules could represent a dysfunctional macrophage phenotype. This phenotype in microgravity would be not capable of migrating or recognizing and attacking pathogens, and it would no longer activate the specific immune system, which could be investigated in functional assays. Obviously, the results have to be interpreted with caution as the model system has some limitations and due to numerous technical and biological restrictions (e.g. 23 °C and no CO₂ supply during in-flight incubation). All parameter were carefully pre-tested on ground. Therefore, the experiment could be adapted to the experimental conditions available on Shenzhou-8.     

一起CFM56-7B发动机空中滑油量为“零”的故障分析

针对一起非典型的CFM56-7B发动机在空中显示滑油量为零、但落地后显示恢复正常的故障,结合发动机滑油系统工作原理,分析了故障可能的原因及采取的排故措施,排故经验可供其他同类发动机故障的处理借鉴。     

耐高温复合材料在火星探测器着陆器减速伞筒盖结构上的应用

针对火星探测器着陆巡视器减速伞筒盖结构在轨运行耐温度交变、辐照等空间环境和再入过程耐温度冲击性能需求,重点开展了筒盖复合材料耐温匹配性、力学性能、耐空间环境性能以及制件成型工艺研究。结果表明,选用J-168-1胶黏剂、J-245胶黏剂及T300/QY8911复合材料制备的试件通过各项性能试验考核,均能满足筒盖结构的设计指标要求。筒盖产品力学性能稳定,成型工艺可行性良好,最高瞬时使用温度可达200℃,经历空间环境模拟后力学性能保持率均在80%以上,耐高温、耐空间环境性良好。产品已成功装星发射,并在着陆巡视器落火阶段成功弹出分离,圆满完成使命。     

CFM56-5B发动机推力管理及一起故障分析

系统地阐述了CFM56-5B发动机推力管理和慢车转速控制的工作原理,并以此为基础,针对该型发动机一起常见推力控制故障的现象、原因及其排故方法进行了分析。通过此分析,进一步说明了CFM56-5B发动机慢车转速控制的基本控制逻辑,可为航空公司正确处理此类故障提供参考。     

Sq(H) field variations at Sonmiani geomagnetic observatory,Pakistan for solar cycle 24

In this study, Sq(H) field results for Sonmiani geomagnetic observatory (SON), Pakistan are presented first time for solar cycle i.e., Solar Cycle 24. Sonmiani observatory was established in 2008 and was included in the list of INTERMAGNET Magnetic Observatory (IMO) in 2012. The analysis of Sq(H) field is performed to examine diurnal, annual and seasonal behaviour of Sq(H) field at Sonmiani along with Honolulu which is used as reference observatory. Both the observatories lie at the Equatorial Ionisation Anomaly (EIA) crest. In general strong dependency of Sq(H) field on solar cycle has been observed. First peak of SC24 was visible in Sq(H) field at both observatories. However, at HON maximum Sq(H) was observed in 2015 instead of 2014, a year later than the year of solar maximum. Prominent longitudinal difference has been noted between both observatories. At HON, maximum Sq(H) was observed during equinox while at SON it was noted during equinox and summer as a consequence of shift in latitude of Sq focus. Phase shift of Sq(H) at SON followed a general trend, that is maximum Sq(H) shifted to later hours in solar maximum as compared to solar minimum. Whereas, an opposite trend was noted at HON which might be due to coastal effect. In case of seasonal phase shift, at both observatories maximum Sq(H) occurred at later hours in summer than in winter which is opposite to the results obtained by many workers. These points need further investigation and geomagnetic as well as wind, and electric field data of other observatories situated at the EIA crest region is required to interpret the Sq(H) phase shift extensively.     

Encounter trajectories for deep space mission ASTER to the triple near Earth asteroid 2001-SN263. The laser altimeter (ALR) point of view

In cooperation with Russia, the Brazilian deep space mission ASTER plans to send a small spacecraft to investigate the triple asteroid 2001-SN263. The nearest launch opportunities for this project include June 2022 and June 2025. One main exploration campaign is being planned with focus on the largest asteroid (Alpha). Among the instruments under development, a laser altimeter (named ALR) was preliminarily designed and presented in 2010–2011. Many studies to define mission and instruments requirements were performed aiming at the characterization of important issues for the successful realization of the mission. Among them, the identification of a suitable trajectory that could be followed by the ASTER spacecraft in the encounter phase, when the main campaign will take place. This paper describes the effort undertaken with focus on the laser altimeter operation. Possible encounter trajectories were modelled and simulated to identify suitable approach parameters and conditions allowing the accomplishment of the intended investigation. The simulation also involves the instrument operation, considering approach geometry, attitude, relative motion, time/date, and the dynamics of the main asteroid. From the laser altimeter point of view, keeping in mind the desired coverage results (50% minimum surface coverage of asteroid Alpha, complying with horizontal and vertical resolution requirements), results point out crucial features for the encounter trajectory, like the need for a small inclination (10^-6 degrees; with respect to the asteroid's orbit), the most favourable spacecraft positioning (between the Sun and the asteroid) and pointing condition (back to the Sun), the minimum amount of achievable surface coverage (58%, focused on central areas), and the most proper time to conduct the main campaign (January 2025). Concerning the instrument, results offer refined values for divergence angle (500 to 650 μrad, half-cone), pulse repetition frequencies (from 1/20 to 1 Hz), and consequent data generation rates. A simulation tool that can use any 3D generated trajectories as input data was created for the analyses presented here. Although created for the ALR in this mission, this simple analysis tool can be adapted to other instruments in this or other missions.     

基于FAA25-131修正案的飞机告警系统适航问题分析

FAA25.1322规定了飞机警告灯、戒备灯和提示灯颜色的使用要求。FAA25-131修正案在原有14CFR25.1322条款的基础上,对飞行显示与机组告警系统提出了新的要求。本文对该修正案进行分解与分析,明确了修正案要求的重点考虑事项,简单、客观地呈现了与这些条款项关联的技术问题的矛盾性争辩过程,进行了基于型号研制实践的符合性方法总结,为验证民用飞机飞行显示与机组告警系统对FAR25-131修正案的符合性提供了有效途径,具有工程实践意义。     

Spatial asymmetry in topside ion density and vertical E × B plasma drift velocity within 75°E–95°E

The ion density measured by the Ionospheric Plasma and Electrodynamics Instrument (IPEI) on board the ROCSAT -1 over the 75°E and 95°E meridian at 600km altitude has been utilized to examine the latitudinal and longitudinal distribution within the Indian sector, in particular, the north-south and east-west asymmetries of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA). A longitudinal gradient in ion density at 600?km higher towards 95°E develops during the noontime and afternoon hours when the EIA is at its peak. The density gradient persists till evening hours when pre-reversal enhancements occur. The vertical E?×?B plasma drift velocity measured simultaneously by ROCSAT -1 for the same space-time configuration has also been studied. In addition to diurnal, seasonal and solar activity variations in E?×?B drift velocity, the longitudinal gradient is also observed. The EIA at the altitude of 600?km peaks at different latitudes and are mostly asymmetric about the magnetic equator. From midnight till 0800 LT, the ion density across the equator is nearly uniform in the equinoxes. But in the solstices, the density exhibits a north-south gradient. In the June solstice, density is higher in the northern hemisphere and decreases gradually towards south. The gradient in density reverses in December solstice. Normally, the EIA peaks within 1200 LT and 1600 LT while around 2000 LT, pre-reversal enhancement of ionization occurs affecting the EIA evening structure. The strength of the EIA also exhibits seasonal, year-to-year and hemispheric variations. The longitudinal asymmetry of drift velocity along 75°E and 95°E longitude sectors is the contributing factor behind the observed longitudinal asymmetry in ion density. Significant positive correlation between the strength of the EIA and E?×?B drift is observed in both longitudes.     

集装箱甩挂运输模型与应用

描述了集装箱甩挂运输的作业流程.从车辆等待时间的角度及集装箱甩挂运输的特点,分析了集装箱甩挂运输在不同情况的适用性问题.使用0-1决策变量来描述集装箱甩挂运输的各个操作流程,建立了以提箱次数、放箱次数、行驶次数、等待时间及各项操作流程的发生顺序为约束条件、以完成全部作业的总时间最短为目标函数的集装箱甩挂运输模型.通过算例分析,算出传统集装箱运输与集装箱甩挂运输的车辆等待时间,验证了集装箱甩挂运输模型的可操作性.