Fringe fitting and group delay determination for geodetic VLBI observations of DOR tones

Extracting the group and phase delays of interferometric observations produced in the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) measurement concept requires a special fringe fitting and delay search algorithm for the recorded bandwidth. While fringe fitting is in use routinely for several megahertz wide channels in geodetic and astrometric VLBI with quasar observations, fringe fitting for artificial tones of very small bandwidth of artificial signals for Differential One-way Ranging (DOR) requires a different way of handling. In a project called Observing the Chang’E-3 Lander with VLBI (OCEL), the DOR tones emitted by the Chang’E-3 lander were observed in a standard geodetic VLBI mode with 8 or 4?MHz wide channels to maintain compatibility with the corresponding quasar observations. For these observations, we modified the existing fringe fitting program of the Haystack Observatory Processing Software (HOPS), fourfit, to properly handle narrow band DOR tones. The main motivations are that through this modification, the data of quasars and artificial radio sources can be processed in the existing geodetic analysis pipeline, and that the algorithm can be used for similar projects as well. In this paper, we describe the algorithm and show that the new algorithm produces much more reliable group delay results than using the standard fourfit algorithm. This is done by a simulation test and in particular by processing of real observations. It is shown that in many cases, systematic deviations of several nanoseconds, which are seen with the standard fourfit algorithm, can be avoided. The ultimate benefit of the new procedure is demonstrated by reducing the errors in delay triangle closures by at least a factor of 3, which, in the OCEL case, is from ～300 to ～100?ps.     

Non-parametric regional VTEC modeling with Multivariate Adaptive Regression B-Splines

In this work Multivariate Adaptive Regression B-Splines (BMARS) is applied to regional spatio-temporal mapping of the Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) using ground based Global Positioning System (GPS) observations. BMARS is a non-parametric regression technique that utilizes compactly supported tensor product B-splines as basis functions, which are automatically obtained from the observations. The algorithm uses a scale-by-scale model building strategy that searches for B-splines at each scale fitting adequately to the data and provides smoother approximations than the original Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS). It is capable to process high dimensional problems with large amounts of data and can easily be parallelized. The real test data is collected from 32 ground based GPS stations located in North America. The results are compared numerically and visually with both the regional VTEC modeling generated via original MARS using piecewise-linear basis functions and another regional VTEC modeling based on B-splines.     

基于Gauss-Newton法的L1数据拟合

在数据拟合中，当个别数据存在较大测量误差时，采用Ｌ１准则对数据进行拟合要优于最小二乘准则。本文通过建立Ｌ１准则与最小二乘准则之间的关系，给出了一种基于Ｇａｕｓｓ－Ｎｅｗｔｏｎ法的Ｌ１数据拟合自满。计算结果表明，该方法易于理解，便于编程，具有一定的理论意义和现实意义。     

多项式拟合法在飞机试飞中的应用研究

主要研究了多项式拟合法在飞机颤振试飞数据处理中的应用技术,讨论了在数据预处理中应用指数窗对抑制噪声、提高数据处理结果精度的影响,最后提出了科学合理的数据处理方法,从而大大提高了试飞结果的准确性。     

辐射计反射面天线面形精度对其主波束效率影响研究

以FY-3卫星微波成像仪天线为模型,对反射面天线面形精度对天线主波束效率的影响进行了分析。提出基于数值拟合法的公式,用GRASP软件半物理仿真结果,修正Ruze公式关于面形精度影响因子的表达式,实现了工程中天线主波束效率快速估算。该方法减小了Ruze公式中由于假设口径场等幅同相分布引起的计算误差,采用该方法后计算精度可控制在1%以内。最后针对多馈源共用反射面的辐射计天线提出了分区域分析面形精度的方法。     

星箭连接界面处环形分布动载荷识别

提出一种基于卫星结构响应的环形分布动载荷识别方法。首先基于脉冲响应函数,在时域内构建激励与响应之间的传递关系;进一步,利用B样条函数表示动载荷的环形分布函数,并结合卫星结构有限元模型和结构测点加速度响应,识别了动载荷的分布函数及其时间历程。以某卫星模型开展数值仿真研究,结果表明：在不同噪声水平,响应测点数以及B样条控制点数的情况下,本文所提出的方法能够准确识别卫星结构所受分布动载荷。本文方法能够为实际飞行情况下卫星载荷环境评估提供理论支撑。     

A new error-controllable method for smoothing the G01 commands

In real machining, the tool paths are composed of a series of short line segments, which constitute groups of sharp corners correspondingly leading to geometry discontinuity in tangent. As a result, high acceleration with high fluctuation usually occurs. If these kinds of tool paths are directly used for machining, the feedrate and quality will be greatly reduced. Thus, generating continuous tool paths is strongly desired. This paper presents a new error-controllable method for generating continuous tool path. Different from the traditional method focusing on fitting the cutter locations, the proposed method realizes globally smoothing the tool path in an error-controllable way. Concretely, it does the smoothing by approaching the newly produced curve to the linear tool path by taking the tolerance requirement as a constraint. That is, the error between the desired tool path and the G01 commands are taken as a boundary condition to ensure the finally smoothed curve being within the given tolerance. Besides, to improve the smoothing ability in case of small corner angle, an improved local smoothing method is also proposed by symmetrically assigning the control points to the two adjacent linear segments with the constrains of tolerance and G3 continuity. Experiments on an open five-axis machine are developed to verify the advantages of the proposed methods.     

基于B样条的平流层飞艇外形优化设计

为改善飞艇气动性能,提高推进系统的效率,增加飞艇承受有效负载的能力并延长其运行时间,将飞艇艇体气动阻力和艇体表面积两个主要因素引入到平流层飞艇外形优化设计中,建立了复合目标函数,在飞艇体积不变的前提下,采用EXTREM数值优化算法,对平流层飞艇外形基于B样条曲线参数化方法在体积和长度不变的限制条件下,进行了双目标优化设计,优化后,外形的气动阻力减小了7.12%,同时飞艇艇体表面积也减少了1.76%。文章的研究结果实现了减阻和减重的双重目标,证明了该方法是合理可行的,可为平流层飞艇总体设计提供相关参考。     

一种基于多项式拟合的VCO开环线性校正法

压控振荡器VCO(Voltage Controlled Oscillator)是输入控制电压影响输出频率的振荡电路,可用于产生调频信号.应用于安检成像时,其输出信号的线性度通过影响副瓣电平和距离分辨率,从而决定了安检成像的效果.为了提高安检成像效果,提出了一种基于多项式拟合的VCO开环线性校正法,使VCO的输出频率通过...     

基于衍射光栅的光纤光栅传感器解调系统研究

研究并实现了一种基于双衍射光栅的光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）传感器解调系统。该解调系统的光路由准直镜、衍射光栅、柱面反射镜和光电探测器等器件组成。通过准直镜后不同波长的平行光束经过衍射光栅后在空间展开,通过柱面反射镜聚焦在光电探测器成像面上。该光路通过采用两块衍射光栅的方法在减小解调系统尺寸的同时提高光学空间分辨力,采用线阵探测器替代扫描机构从而简化系统结构。从理论上分析了光束经过该系统后的空间光强分布,根据光强的高斯分布采用多项式拟合的方法实现了反射光谱峰值定位算法。通过与高精度光谱仪的测量结果对比表明,该解调方法具有较高的波长解调精度和稳定性。