放置倾角对轴向槽道热管传热特性影响的实验研究

对常温梯形轴向槽道热管在不同放置倾角下的传热特性进行了实验研究，着重分析了热管的放置倾角对轴向温度分布、最大轴向温差、总热阻、当量换热系数、最大传热量的影响，旨在为航空热管的地面性能测试提供参考。实验结果表明：热源在下垂直放置热管的蒸发段和冷凝段的当量换热系数分别是水平放置热管的1．5倍和2．5倍。热源在上倾斜放置的热管，水平放置的热管、热源在下倾斜放置的热管的平均总热阻成一个数量级递减，蒸发段的最大输入热流量依次递增一个数量级。     

Temperature effect on buckling properties of ultra-thin-walled lenticular collapsible composite tube subjected to axial compression

This paper seeks to outline the temperature effect on the buckling properties of ultra-thin-walled lenticular collapsible composite tube(LCCT) subjected to axial compression.The buckling tests of the LCCT specimens subjected to axial compression were carried out on INSTRON-500 N servo-hydraulic machine in dry state and at the temperatures of 25 C, 100 C and 80 C. The load–displacement curves and buckling initiation loads were measured and the buckling initiation mechanism was discussed from experimental observations. Experiments show that the buckling initiation load, on average, is only about 2.2% greater at the low temperature of 80 C than at the room temperature of 25 C due to the material hardening, demonstrating an insignificant increase in the buckling initiation load, whereas it is about 19.5% lower at the high temperature of 100 C than at the room temperature owing to the material softening, implying a significant decrease in the buckling initiation load. The failure mode of the LCCT in axial compression tests at three different temperatures can be reckoned to be characteristic of the buckling initiation and propagation around the central region until rupture. The finite element(FE) model is presented to simulate the buckling initiation mechanism based on the eigenvalue-based methodology. Good correlation between experimental and numerical results is achieved.     

Experimental and numerical study of tip injection in a subsonic axial flow compressor

Parametric study of tip injection was implemented experimentally on a subsonic axial flow compressor to understand the underlying flow mechanisms of stability improvement of the compressor with discrete tip injection.Injector throat height varied from 2 to 6 times the height of rotor tip clearance,and circumferential coverage percentage ranged from 8.3％ to 25％ of the annulus.Static pressure fluctuations over the rotor tip were measured with fast-response pressure transducers.Whole-passage time-accurate simulations were also carried out to help us understand the flow details.The combinations of tip injection with traditional casing treatments were experi mentally studied to generate an engineering-acceptable method of compressor stall control.The results indicate that the maximum stability improvement is achieved when injectors are choked despite their different sizes.The effect of circumferential coverage percentage on compressor stabil ity depends on the value of injector throat height for un-choked injectors,and vice versa.Tip blockage in the blade passage is greatly reduced by the choked injectors,which is the primary reason for stability enhancement.The accomplishment of blockage diminishment is maintained in the circumferential direction with the unsteady effect of tip injection,which manifests as a hysteresis between the recovery of tip blockage and the recovery of tip leakage vortex.The unsteady effect is primarily responsible for the effectiveness of tip injection with a partial circumferential coverage.Tip injection cannot enhance the stability of the rotor with axial slots significantly,but it can improve the stabil ity of the rotor with circumferential grooves further.The combined structure of tip injection with circumferential grooves is an alternative for engineering application.     

缠绕角度对碳/环氧厚壁管件轴压性能影响的有限元分析

建立厚壁缠绕管件的轴压有限元模型,分析相同压缩载荷条件下不同缠绕角度对管件轴压模量,径向形变和剪应力的影响,并对厚壁缠绕管件在轴压载荷下的破坏模式和部位进行了预测分析。结果表明:受轴压管件的缠绕角度宜控制在20°以内,对管件端头进行环向缠绕加强可以提高管件的轴压强度和刚度。     

A high-order model of rotating stall in axial compressors with inlet distortion

In this paper,a high-order distortion model is proposed for analyzing the rotating stall inception process induced by inlet distortion in axial compressors.A distortion-generating screen in the compressor inlet is considered.By assuming a quadratic function for the local flow total pressure-drop,the existing Mansoux model is extended to include the effects of static inlet distor tion,and a new high-order distortion model is derived.To illustrate the effectiveness of the distortion model,numerical simulations are performed on an eighteenth-order model.It is demonstrated that long length-scale disturbances emerge out of the distorted background flow,and further induce the onset of rotating stall in advance.In addition,the circumferential non-uniform distribution and time evolution of the axial flow are also shown to be consistent with the existing features.It is thus shown that the high-order distortion model is capable of describing the transient behavior of stall inception and will contribute further to stall detection under inlet distortion.     

评估周向槽机匣处理扩稳效果的新指标

在分析周向槽机匣处理扩稳装置结构的基础上, 采用三维粘性数值分析方法对带周向槽机匣处理的叶栅通道进行了计算, 获得一些有益的结果。首次提出用通过处理槽的气流流通量评估周向槽机匣处理的扩稳效果和扩稳能力, 分析讨论了处理装置的各种结构尺寸参数对扩稳效果的影响, 并得到大量实验结果的证实。为工程设计压气机机匣处理装置提供了理论依据。      

F-3A/ E 与F-12/ E 复合材料圆管轴压性能对比

采用缠绕成型的方法制备了F-3A/ E 复合材料薄壁圆管,通过对比试验研究了树脂配方和增强
纤维对管件轴压性能的影响,并对缠绕管件的轴压破坏模式进行研究。同时与F-12/ E 复合材料进行了对比
分析。结果表明:(1)TH-1 配方适合F-3A 纤维制备复合材料;(2) F-3A/ E 复合材料缠绕管件轴压承载力比
F-12/ E 复合材料管件的高16. 5% ~23. 9%,且轴压性能具有良好的稳定性;(3) F-3A/ E 管件轴压破坏形式
表现为脆性破坏,而F-12/ E 管件轴压则表现为韧性破坏模式。     

极轴式望远镜系统误差修正方法研究

为提高极轴式望远镜的测量精度,借鉴地平式望远镜的系统误差修正方法,推导了基于轴系和球谐函数的极轴式望远镜系统误差修正模型,在分析2种误差修正模型误差项不足的基础上,探索性地提出了一种新的误差修正模型——改进球谐函数系统误差修正模型。对实际测星数据进行误差修正的结果表明,进行改进球谐函数系统误差修正后,精度在时角和赤纬方向上比其他方法提高了50%。     

轴流压气机级内污垢沉积影响的数值研究

采用三维数值方法,对具有一定典型性的真实压气机级NASA stage 35进行研究,通过与文献中实验数据的对比,校核了商业CFD计算代码的可靠性,得到的性能曲线与实验数据有较好的一致性;通过对污垢沉积引起的叶片厚度和壁面粗糙度的增加来模拟不同的污垢沉积程度对压气机级性能的影响。结果表明,增加壁面粗糙度将显著降低压气机级等熵效率和总压比,喘点和堵点的流量均有所下降,对稳定工作范围影响不大;增加叶片厚度大幅降低堵点流量而对喘点流量影响较小,使得压气机级的稳定工作范围明显减小;动叶壁面粗糙度的增加相比静叶对级性能的影响明显要大。     

Remaining useful life prediction based on the Wiener process for an aviation axial piston pump

An aviation hydraulic axial piston pump’s degradation from comprehensive wear is a typical gradual failure model. Accurate wear prediction is difficult as random and uncertain char-acteristics must be factored into the estimation. The internal wear status of the axial piston pump is characterized by the return oil flow based on fault mechanism analysis of the main frictional pairs in the pump. The performance degradation model is described by the Wiener process to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of the pump. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is performed by utilizing the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate the initial parameters of the Wiener process while recursive estimation is conducted utilizing the Kalman filter method to estimate the drift coefficient of the Wiener process. The RUL of the pump is then calculated accord-ing to the performance degradation model based on the Wiener process. Experimental results indi-cate that the return oil flow is a suitable characteristic for reflecting the internal wear status of the axial piston pump, and thus the Wiener process-based method may effectively predicate the RUL of the pump.