发射点定位误差对发射方位角的影响

发射点定位误差对发射坐标系的影响不仅仅在于坐标系原点不准，而且还会影响发射方位角，从而会有欧拉角的转换。首先依据确定平面的几何原理和求解平面夹角的余弦公式，在地心坐标系下，得到发射方位角与发射点、目标点的简洁的解析关系；然后，通过地心坐标系为中介推导了发射坐标系的扰动矩阵。由此，可得到发射点经度、纬度和高程的变化对发射方位角影响的量化结论。     

干涉仪测量数据联合定位的方法

提出了干涉仪测量系统的六通道测量数据联合定位的处理思想，并提供了具体的计算处理方法。该新方法是将测速数据与定位数据联合确定运载火箭的位置坐标，进而可计算其速度、加速度等其它弹道参数，这无疑会提高测量数据的利用率和改进弹道计算结果的精度。     

基于手眼视觉的测量与定位方法的研究与实现

机器视觉对机器人克服工作环境中的不确定性具有重要意义。针对空间遥操作机器人面对的是危险不确定环境，文中提出一种基于手眼视觉的测量与定位方法，可为判断示知目标物体是否可抓持以及进行抓持规划提供有效依据。在重复定位的任务中，该方法可以利用目标物质的先验信息快速定位从而避免频繁移动手臂。文章首先给出了该方法的原理，然后通过实验实现了此方法，并对误差进行了分析，实验结果表明了该方法具有较高的精度。     

A new approach to on-board stationkeeping of GEO-satellites

This paper proposes a new autonomous stationkeeping system suitable for geostationary satellite operation and presents the results of the computer simulations conducted to verify the proposed system. The proposed on-board stationkeeping system receives pseudo-range signal from the ground equipments located at two different positions with a long baseline, determines the orbit error in real-time, and generates the orbit control command. To minimize the complexity of the on-board stationkeeping logic and to improve reliability, a simple orbit controller has been designed, which generates a series of control signal making the orbit roughly follow the predetermined reference range data. The reference range data are assumed to be generated through a ground based computer simulation and embedded or uploaded with time tag. Finally, the performance of the proposed system has been verified through computer simulations.     

基于双谱相位算法的无人机图像定位研究

由于传统的定位方法都有不同程度的缺陷,如GPS导航或者捷联惯导,所以借助图像匹配技术实现无人机导航定位具有重要研究意义。双谱中只提取相位信息,形成基于相位谱的算法,能很好地抑制不均匀的光照度变化等。首先以对数-极坐标方式进行相位谱的采样处理,然后由相位相关算法获取尺寸和旋转校正值。校正之后,再由相位相关算法进行2幅图像之间的平移配准。仿真结果验证了该算法不仅有很高的配准精度,而且有很强的稳健性。     

利用GPS实现高轨卫星定位的抗远近效应算法

针对GPS应用于高轨卫星定位面临的远近效应问题, 提出利用正交相关的联合极大似然估计算法来对GPS信号进行二维搜索, 可以得到正确的码延时及多普勒估计. 极大似然估计算法首先利用滑行相关法对仿真信号中的强信号进行搜索, 得到强信号模型, 然后利用正交相关去掉强信号, 最终实现对弱信号的正确捕获. 本文对高轨卫星接收到的GPS信号进行了功率分析, 并建立了信号模型, 进行了算法仿真. 结果表明, 这种估计算法能够提高二维搜索性能, 有效解决远近效应问题.      

Precision analysis of troposphere sensing using GPS single-frequency signals

Various studies have been performed to investigate the accuracy of troposphere zenith wet delays (ZWDs) determined from GPS. Most of these studies use dual-frequency GPS data of large-scale networks with long baselines to determine the absolute ZWDs. For small-scale networks the estimability of the absolute ZWDs deteriorates due to high correlation between the solutions of the ZWDs and satellite-specific parameters as satellite clocks. However, as relative ZWDs (rZWDs) can always be estimated, irrespective of the size of the network, it is of interest to understand how the large-scale network rZWD-performance of dual-frequency GPS using an ionosphere-float model compares to the small-scale network rZWD-performance of single-frequency GPS using an ionosphere-weighted model. In this contribution such an analysis is performed using undifferenced and uncombined network parametrization modelling. In this context we demonstrate the ionosphere weighted constraints, which allows the determination of the rZWDs independent from signals on the second frequency. Based on an analysis of both simulated and real data, it is found that under quiet ionosphere conditions, the accuracy of the single-frequency determined rZWDs in the ionosphere-weighted network is comparable to that of the large-scale dual-frequency network without ionospheric constraints. Making use of the real data from two baselines of 15?days, it was found that the absolute differences of the rZWDs applying the two strategies are within 1?cm in over 90% and 95% of the time for ambiguity-float and -fixed cases, respectively.     

Characterization of GPS-TEC over African equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) region during 2009–2016

This study characterizes total electron content (TEC) measured by Global Positioning System (GPS) over African equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) region for 2009–2016 period during both quiet geomagnetic conditions (Kp?≤?1) and normal conditions (1?>?Kp?≤?4). GPS-TEC data from four equatorial/low-latitude stations, namely, Addis Ababa (ADIS: 9.04°N, 38.77°E, mag. lat: 0.2°N) [Ethiopia]; Yamoussoukro (YKRO: 6.87°N, 5.24°W, mag. lat: 2.6°S) [Ivory Coast]; Malindi (MAL2; 3.00°S, 40.19°E, mag. lat: 12.4°S) [Kenya] and Libreville (NKLG; 0.35°N, 9.67°W, mag. lat: 13.5°S) [Gabon] were used for this study. Interesting features like noontime TEC bite-out, winter anomaly during the ascending and maximum phases of solar cycle 24, diurnal and seasonal variations with solar activity have been observed and investigated in this study. The day-to-day variations exhibited ionospheric TEC asymmetry on an annual scale. TEC observed at equatorial stations (EIA-trough) and EIA-crest reach maximum values between ～1300–1600 LT and ～1300–1600 LT, respectively. About 76% of the high TEC values were recorded in equinoctial months while the June solstice predominantly exhibited low TEC values. Yearly, the estimated TEC values increases or decreases with solar activity, with 2014 having the highest TEC value. Solar activity dependence of TEC within the EIA zone reveals that both F10.7?cm index and EUV flux (24–36?nm) gives a stronger correlation with TEC than Sunspot Number (SSN). A slightly higher degree of dependence is on EUV flux with the mean highest correlation coefficient (R) value of 0.70, 0.83, 0.82 and 0.88 for quiet geomagnetic conditions (Kp?≤?1) at stations ADIS, MAL2, NKLG, and YKRO, respectively. The correlation results for the entire period consequently reveals that SSN and solar flux F10.7?cm index might not be an ideal index as a proxy for EUV flux as well as to measure the variability of TEC strength within the EIA zone. The estimated TEC along the EIA crest (MAL2 and NKLG) exhibited double-hump maximum, as well as post-sunset peaks (night time enhancement of TEC) between ～2100 and 2300 LT. EIA formation was prominent during evening/post-noon hours.     

导航星座自主导航的守时算法研究

导航星座自主导航是提高卫星导航系统生存能力的一个重要方面,而实现导航星座自主导航的前提在于自主守时,星上综合原子时的计算则是自主守时的关键技术之一。本文分别研究了星上综合原子时计算的传统加权平均算法与卡尔曼滤波算法,并分别做了仿真实验,结果表明,通过合理设置,两种方法均可保持60d内自主守时25ns。     

考虑地球扁率修正的基于日地月方位信息的地球卫星自主导航

给出了基于地球球形假设的双圆锥地心方位确定算法,研究了考虑地球扁率的地心方位精确确定算法,给出了基于扁率修正的日地月自主导航算法。蒙特卡洛仿真表明,对于500km高度,对地定向三轴稳定的姿态运行模式的卫星,在地球敏感器噪声为0.1°(3σ),日、月敏感器噪声为0.05°(3σ)的情况下,导航位置精度能达到800m(3σ),速度精度能达到2.4m/s(3σ)。