冰灾对车八岭山地常绿阔叶林区系和群落的影响

研究了2008年年初南方冰雪冻雨灾害对车八岭常绿阔叶林不同区系的冠层植被所造成的影响.结果显示,研究样地内温带分布的乔木受损比例高于热带分布的乔木受损比例.X~2检验说明不同区系间的冠层乔木个体受损比例差异显著(P<0.01);东亚分布及其变型受损个体比例最小,热带亚洲至热带非洲分布及变型、东亚和北美间断分布及其变型、热带亚洲分布及其变型受损个体比例较大.冠层乔木都以重度受损为主,中度受损和轻度受损个体数都远小于前者.CCA多元分析显示,株数密度、平均胸高断面积、坡度、海拔各自对不同物种的受损乔木的分布有显著影响(Monte Carlo test,P=0.010 0).优势种米槠Castanopsis carlesii受损植株的分布与群落的平均胸高断面积显著正相关;亚优势种栲Castanopsis fargesii、鸭公青Neolitsea chuii、尾尖叶柃Eurya acuminata受损植株的分布与坡度显著负相关;亚优势种荷木Schima superb与海拔显著正相关.总之,在相同的生境中能够占据林冠优势层的区系类型往往受灾更严重.     

Best practices for model-based and simulation-aided engineering of power transmission and motion control systems

This paper deals with the modelling and simulation of aircraft systems, in particular for power transmission and control. It is intended to review, propose and disseminate best practices for making model-based/simulation-aided engineering more efficient at any phase of the system life cycle. The proposals are aimed at creating value, not only by increasing the performance of the product under study but also by shortening the time to market, capitalizing knowledge, mitigating risks and facilitating concurrent engineering. The needs associated with the engineering activities are firstly identified to define a set of requirements for the models. Then, these requirements are used to drive the considerations leading to model development, focusing in particular on the process, modelled physical effects, modelling level, model architecting and concurrent engineering. The third part deals with the model implementation, giving special consideration to the different types of models, causalities, parameterization, implementation and verification. Each part is illustrated by examples related to safety critical actuators.     

Analysis and control of inter-electrode gap during leveling process in counter-rotating electrochemical machining

The inter-electrode gap (IEG) is an essential parameter for the anode shaping process in electrochemical machining (ECM) and directly affects the machining accuracy. In this paper, the IEG during the leveling process of an oval anode workpiece in counter-rotating ECM (CRECM) is investigated. The variation of the minimum IEG is analyzed theoretically, and the results indicate that rather than reaching equilibrium, the minimum IEG in CRECM expands constantly when a constant feed speed is used for the cathode tool. This IEG expansion leads to a poor localization effect and has an adverse influence on the roundness of the machined workpiece. To maintain a small constant IEG in CRECM, a variable feed speed is used for the cathode based on a fitted equation. The theoretical results show that the minimum IEG can be controlled at a small value by using an accelerated feed speed. Experiments have been conducted using a specific experimental apparatus in which the cathode tool is designed as a combined structure of two sectors and a thin sheet. By detecting the machining currents flowing through the minimum IEG, how the latter varies is obtained indirectly. The results indicate that using an accelerated feed speed is effective for controlling the IEG, thereby improving the roundness of the machined workpiece.     

激情进取追求卓越在创新中实现学校跨越式发展

西安航专建校五十年来，经过几代西航人的努力，取得了骄人的成绩，尤其是近三年来，通过迎评促建工作的开展，在创新中实现了学校的跨越式发展。在总结经验，找出差距的基础上，进一步明确了西安航专今后的发展方向和奋斗目标。     

粤北常绿阔叶林乔木优势种群结构与格局动态

在粤北车八岭自然保护区内选择具有代表性的常绿阔叶林群落设置2 hm~2的固定样地,应用相邻格子法进行每木调查,分析乔木层优势种群结构、分布格局及生态位特征,探讨群落结构和动态及其内在联系.结果表明:(1)该群落主要优势种为米锥Castanopsis carlesii,乔木层优势树种径级结构为"L"型,群落处于相对稳定的增长阶段;(2)结合垂直分布型结构与生态位宽度分析,可知群落中米锥、荷木Schima superba等占据资源位较多,个体数量及幼苗储备丰富,对资源的竞争力最大;鸭公青Neolitsea chuii及栓叶安息香Styrax suberifolia等次之,尾尖叶柃Eurya acuminata对资源的利用和竞争力最差;(3)应用方差均值比、Lloyd平均拥挤度和聚块指数以及负二项分布指数对优势种群进行格局分析,各种群整体格局均为集群分布,但是在不同的发育阶段,随着径阶增加,种群格局逐渐由集群分布过渡到随机分布.这既与物种本身的生态和生物学特性有关,也与外界环境有密切关系.     

高校合同管理与法律风险预防研究——兼析我校近年来发生的系列合同纠纷案件

随着社会主义市场经济的发展,高校参与社会经济生活的范围越来越广。作为高校与社会经济生活中发挥着纽带和桥梁作用的合同管理也就凸现其重要性。做好合同管理,防范法律风险,成为高校在对外合作交流中的一项重要职责。本文拟结合近年来我校在对外经济往来方面发生的合同纠纷案例,探讨加强合同管理与预防法律风险的重要意义。     

从国家自然科学基金资助看高超声速流动研究的发展现状

高超声速技术已经成为21世纪航空航天领域研究的制高点,许多发达国家都将其作为国家的战略目标。首先,分析了国家自然科学基金(NSFC)2000—2013年度在高超声速流动领域资助的项目情况;其次,对中国高超声速流动研究的主要研究方向、学科交叉情况、主体研究队伍以及人才培养进行了介绍;最后,对未来需要重点关注的方向给出了建议。     

基于文献资料法对陕西申办全运会策略研究

运用文献资料法,深入剖析陕西申办全运会的条件优势,阐述陕西申办全运会与西安城市经济现代化、基础建设现代化、旅游业现代化和城市文明现代化的互动,提出了陕西省申办全运会的策略。     

从清华校训谈孔子的中庸思想及其现代价值

孔子思想是一个以仁为本,以礼为制,以中为用的泛伦理体系,他一生对中庸思想推崇备至。从清华大学"自强不息厚德载物"的校训去进一步探究中庸思想的渊源,对其含义的正确理解,中庸思想在《论语》中的表现以及中庸思想在现今社会中所具有的现代意义具有深刻的意义等,都有着重要的研究价值。     

澳大利亚国立大学的办学优势和特色

对澳大利亚国立大学的办学优势做了概括性介绍,分析了它的特点,在校园建设、办学定位、杰出人才培养、设施经费、决策机制、师资力量等方面可为我国高校提供参考和借鉴。