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利用低轨(LEO)航天器在轨期间两行轨道根数(TLEs)数据,结合经验大气密度模型NRLMSISE00,反演计算得到其在轨期间的弹道系数B’,以31年B’的平均值代替弹道系数真值,分别通过标准球形目标卫星对比以及物理参数基本相同的非球形目标卫星对比,对弹道系数真值进行了检验;利用不同外形目标卫星弹道系数在不同太阳活动周内的变化规律,结合太阳和地磁活动变化,估计经验大气密度模型的误差分布. 结果表明,利用反演弹道系数31年的平均值来代替真值,其在理论值的正常误差范围内;大气密度模型误差在210~526km高度范围内存在相同的变化趋势,且模型误差随高度增加而增大;在短周期内B’变化与太阳活动指数F10.7存在反相关性;密度模型不能有效模拟2008年出现的大气密度异常低. 以上结果表明,经验大气密度模型结果需要修正,尤其是在太阳活动峰年和谷年,此外,磁暴期间模型误差的修正对卫星定轨和轨道预报等也具有重要意义. 相似文献
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探索了大气阻力摄动精密计算方法,以提高卫星空间位置的预报精度。根据大气阻力摄动的基本原理,给出两种摄动计算方法,即半分析半数值方法和数值积分方法。选用三种高层大气模型:CIRA-1986、CIRA-1972和DTM模型,分批 太阳活动中高年水平(F10.7取为150,200,250)和10%-20%的模型误差引起卫星空间位置的误差δP。结果显示:(1)太阳活动F10.7的大小对δP的影响明显,在同 相似文献
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应用钠原子和中性大气分子的质量连续性方程来模拟突发钠层(SSL),垂直风场采用接近实际大气重力波的正弦行波模式,结果较好地反映了SSL的形成过程.SSL的形成时刻在5-15min之间并可持续到30min之后,形成高度大约在90-100km之间,峰宽为0.5-2km之间,这些都与实际观测SSL的特点相符.同时还进一步地研究了当重力波参数(主要指垂直波长和周期)、风速以及常态钠层半宽度发生变化时SSL的变化趋势. 相似文献
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H.L.K. Manning I.L. ten Kate S.J. Battel P.R. Mahaffy 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
Electric discharge between two electrically charged surfaces occurs at a well-defined, gas-dependent combination of atmospheric pressure and the distance between those two surfaces, as described by Paschen’s law. The understanding of when the discharge will occur in the conditions present on Mars is essential for designing space-flight hardware that will operate on the Martian surface as well as understanding electrical discharge processes occurring in the Martian atmosphere. Here, we present experimentally measured Paschen curves for a gas mixture representative of the Martian atmosphere and compare our results to breakdown voltages of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and helium as measured with our system and from the literature. We will discuss possible implications for instrument development as well as implications for processes in the Martian atmosphere. The DC voltage at which electric discharge occurred between two stainless steel spheres was measured at pressures from 10−2 to 100 torr in all gases. We measured a minimum voltage for discharge in the Mars ambient atmosphere of 410 ± 10 V at 0.3 torr cm. As an application, the breakdown properties of space-qualified, electrical wires to be used in the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) were studied. 相似文献
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Mai-Julie Nguyen François Raulin Patrice Coll Sylvie Derenne Cyril Szopa Guy Cernogora Guy Israël Jean-Michel Bernard 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008
In the present work, we focused on the possible isotopic fractionation of carbon during the processes involved in the formation of Titan’s tholins. We present the first results obtained on the 12C/13C isotopic ratios measured on Titan’s tholins synthesized in laboratory with cold plasma discharges. Measurements of isotopic ratio 12C/13C, done both on tholins and on the initial gas mixture (N2:CH4 (98:2)) used to produce them, do not show any evident deficit or enrichment in 13C relatively to 12C in the synthesized tholins, compared to the initial gas mixture. This observation allows to go further in the analyses of the ACP experiment data, including part of the Cassini–Huygens mission. 相似文献
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K. Liu E. Kallio R. Jarvinen H. Lammer H.I.M. Lichtenegger Yu.N. Kulikov N. Terada T.L. Zhang P. Janhunen 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
As an initial effort to study the evolution of the Venus atmosphere, the influence of the solar wind density and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) x component (the x-axis points from Venus towards the Sun) on the O+ ion escape rate from Venus is investigated using a three-dimensional quasi-neutral hybrid (HYB-Venus) model. The HYB-Venus model is first applied to a case of the high-density (100 cm−3) solar wind interaction with Venus selected from the Pioneer Venus Orbiter observations to demonstrate its capability for the study. Two sets of simulations with a wide range of solar wind densities and different IMF x components are then performed. It is found that the O+ ion escape rate increases with increasing solar wind density. The O+ ion escape rate saturates when the solar wind density becomes high (above 100 cm−3). The results also suggest that the IMF x component enhances the O+ ion escape rate, given a fixed IMF component perpendicular to the x-axis. Finally, the results imply a higher ion loss rate for early-Venus, when solar conditions were dramatically different. 相似文献
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Model for induced ionization by galactic cosmic rays in the Earth atmosphere and ionosphere 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
P.I.Y. Velinov A. Mishev L. Mateev 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009,44(9):1002-1007
The ionization profiles produced by galactic cosmic rays in the Earth atmosphere and ionosphere are obtained on the basis of Monte Carlo simulations. Cascade processes in the atmosphere are simulated using CORSIKA 6.52 code with FLUKA 2006 and QGSJET II hadronic interaction subroutines. Proton induced showers are considered using a realistic atmospheric model (US Standard Atmosphere). The energy deposit from different components is taken into account, namely electromagnetic, hadron and muon components. The curvature of the atmosphere is considered in the computer code. On the basis of the computed ionization yield function the ion pair production rate in the atmosphere is obtained for different conditions and locations. The model is applicable to the entire atmosphere, from ground level to upper atmosphere. Several applications of the obtained results are discussed. The Monte Carlo simulation model considers nuclear interactions below the altitude of 35 km. It is compared with analytical–numerical electron production rate model. The latter model which takes into account the electromagnetic interactions above altitudes of 35 km has two main regions of application: above 50 km (thin target model) and between 35 and 50 km (intermediate target model). A good agreement between the CORSIKA results and analytical–numerical model results is found above altitude of 35 km. 相似文献