Location-aware channel estimation for capacity gains on multibeam satellite links

Bandwidth is an expensive and scarce resource, thus its efficient exploitation is of paramount importance. Recent communication satellites feature sophisticated spatial access strategies through spot beams providing this way a total throughput in the range of 100 Gbit/s. Next generations of communication satellites, as postulated in the Satellite Communications Network of Experts (SatNEx) III, a project funded by the European Space Agency (ESA) for advanced research in satellite communications, require technological developments to achieve the Tbit/s region. Multibeam architectures formed by a central gateway, a multibeam satellite, and an aggressive frequency reuse strategy can meet such ambitious design goals. Interference problems are tackled by appropriate countermeasures such as (joint) precoding and beamforming on the forward link as well as multi-user detection on the return link; these methods require accurate and timely knowledge of the channel state, which in turn necessitates suitable algorithms for channel estimation. This paper addresses performance issues related to channel state estimation on the symbol-synchronous forward link and the frame-synchronous return link. It highlights for both directions the potential performance gain by assuming a priori knowledge of the user position, in this context referred to as location-aware channel estimation.     

Short-arc tracklet association for geostationary objects

Measurement association and initial orbit determination is a fundamental task when building up a database of space objects. This paper proposes an efficient and robust method to determine the orbit using the available information of two tracklets, i.e. their line-of-sights and their derivatives. The approach works with a boundary-value formulation to represent hypothesized orbital states and uses an optimization scheme to find the best fitting orbits. The method is assessed and compared to an initial-value formulation using a measurement set taken by the Zimmerwald Small Aperture Robotic Telescope of the Astronomical Institute at the University of Bern. False associations of closely spaced objects on similar orbits cannot be completely eliminated due to the short duration of the measurement arcs. However, the presented approach uses the available information optimally and the overall association performance and robustness is very promising. The boundary-value optimization takes only around 2% of computational time when compared to optimization approaches using an initial-value formulation. The full potential of the method in terms of run-time is additionally illustrated by comparing it to other published association methods.     

Mission-driven autonomous perception and fusion based on UAV swarm

Distributed autonomous situational awareness is one of the most important foundation for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarm to implement various missions. Considering the application environment being usually characterized by strong confrontation, high dynamics, and deep uncertainty, the distributed situational awareness system based on UAV swarm needs to be driven by the mission requirements, while each node in the network can autonomously avoid collisions and perform detection mission through limited resource sharing as well as complementarity of respective advantages. By efficiently solving the problems of self-avoidance, autonomous flocking and splitting, joint estimation and control, etc., perception data from multi-platform multi-source should be extracted and fused reasonably, to generate refined, tailored target information and provide reliable support for decision-making.     

Evaluation of airborne data link communication

An experimental prototype of a cockpit data link communication interface (modified Navigation Display (ND) and Multi-purpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU)) was developed and tested in an Airbus A340 Full Flight Simulator. 8 crews (16 professional pilots) performed simulator flights in a mixed voice and data link scenario. After each experiment video recordings were presented to the pilots and they were asked to estimate subjective strain (NASA task load index) and situational aspects retrospectively. Results show an increase in subjective strain and a decrease of ‘feeling of sovereignty’ and situation awareness under data link conditions. The effect is similar to the one caused by higher workload.     

标准程序与情景意识下的决策

标准程序是飞行安全的立足根本,但是在特殊的情况下,情景意识下的决策是保证飞行安全的关键,只遵守标准程序是不够的,要有特殊的判断,做出最恰当的决策。     

现代酒店客房服务中存在的问题及对策

为有效提高酒店客房的服务质量。通过实地调查研究,发现现代酒店客房服务中存在的主要问题,并分析其原因,提出解决方法。这对酒店的可持续发展至关重要,有助于酒店形成人性化的服务特色,增加其市场竞争力和旅游吸引力。     

一种适用于空间监视跟踪的递推滤波算法

针对空间监视跟踪环境中对于包含角变量的状态向量估计存在精度较低的缺点,利用Gauss von Mises（GVM）多变量概率密度分布,提出一种基于矩匹配的GVM参数估计方法,并在此基础上改进GVM分布的确定性采样方法,建立针对GVM分布的递推滤波算法,该算法充分考虑了流形的内蕴结构,克服了传统滤波方法假设状态向量定义于欧氏空间及采用欧氏空间中高斯分布模型的局限性。仿真结果表明,该滤波算法能有效估计状态变量的后验概率分布,对角变量的估计精度明显优于扩展卡尔曼滤波方法(EKF)。     

基于态势感知的美军空间情报对抗研究

空间情报对抗是当今世界高新技术中最具挑战性和竞争性的领域之一,是未来作战情报对抗技术的最高表现形式和热点内容。在对太空态势进行有效感知及情报监控的基础上,美军对“制天权”的认识进一步深化,太空情报对抗已成为美军的重点研究领域。     

四足机器人研究综述

凭借对恶劣地形的强适应性,四足机器人已经成为当今移动机器人研究的热点,其研究深具社会意义和实用价值。阐述了四足机器人的发展及研究现状,以具有代表性的四足机器人为据,从结构设计、控制方法和环境感知技术三个方面综合介绍了四足机器人系统,总结了四足机器人的关键技术及主要问题,最后给出了具有前瞻性的结论。     

位置编码下平视显示器告警显示工效学问题探究

为探究平视显示器(HUD)不同告警位置对飞行员任务绩效、脑力负荷和注意力分配的影响,招募15名被试人员开展不同告警位置下被试内单因素设计的试验任务,以被试的任务绩效、眼动指标为因变量,综合各项评估指标分析结果表明,告警位置应选择高度兴趣域,其次为姿态兴趣域。当告警位于航向兴趣域时,被试的任务绩效最差,脑力负荷大并且注意力分配比例较少,表明航向兴趣域的位置不适于告警显示。本次试验结果可为HUD告警设计提供参考。