中国无地面控制点摄影测量卫星追述（一）——返回式摄影测量卫星

以无地面控制点条件下的摄影测量为背景,回顾了中国第一代、第二代返回式摄影测量卫星的研制历程,给出了相机的主要技术参数,介绍了研制的技术难点。从地形图制作精度的角度评价了中国第一代、第二代返回式摄影测量卫星的技术水平,给出了制作的立体影像图和等高线图。最后,与美国、俄罗斯（前苏联）、欧空局同类型的返回式卫星进行了比较。     

基于人工神经网络的反射器型面精度预测

基于人工神经网络的预测方法,利用数量适当的有限元计算结果,建立人工神经网络模型,对反射器型面进行精度预测分析,得到在最小型面精度结果下的结构设计参数。计算结果显示训练好的神经网络模型能够较精确地预测格栅反射器的型面精度,节省计算时间,并且以型面精度最小为准则进行参数分析,能够指导反射器的结构设计。     

激光焊接带口盖加筋壁板剪切性能分析

针对双光束激光焊接带口盖加筋壁板开展了剪切稳定性试验,分析了带口盖加筋壁板在受剪状态下的屈曲载荷、屈曲形式、后屈曲承载能力及破坏形式。建立了壁板与剪切夹具的有限元模型,对壁板的剪切失稳形式及后屈曲承载能力进行仿真计算,并探究了口盖对加筋壁板的承载能力、应力变化及面外变形的影响。结果表明:带口盖加筋壁板在剪切状态下,当屈曲比达到1.95时,加筋壁板进入后屈曲,最终破坏载荷约为屈曲载荷的2.98倍。仿真与试验得到的载荷-位移曲线较为吻合,有限元法得到的屈曲载荷和破坏载荷与试验平均值误差分别为8.7%、1.02%。开口壁板的承载能力及刚度均下降,螺栓紧固口盖对加筋壁板的应力与面外变形影响较大。      

超小型直升机动力学模型的建模、辨识与验证

为实现超小型直升机的自动控制飞行,需建立较为精确的动力学模型.考虑机体、主旋翼/稳定杆和尾桨间的耦合对飞行动态特性的影响,建立了AF25B型超小型直升机的连续线性时不变系统模型.设计并配置了机载设备,完成在遥控飞行状态下的飞行数据采集与存储.通过时域系统辨识方法,辨识了直升机在悬停状态下的模型参数,并对辨识结果进行验证和分析,表明所建模型能充分反映该型直升机悬停状态下的动态特性.     

基于人工免疫算法的编队压制干扰资源分配

通过对舰艇编队雷达有源干扰资源分配问题的研究分析,将免疫算法应用在编队有源压制干扰资源分配中,构建了分配的数学模型.提出了相关定义和一种能有效表达编队有源压制干扰资源分配的抗体染色体矩阵编码方案,并给出了亲和度算法.在假定情况下进行了仿真计算,得到了有效的有源压制资源分配方案,通过实例验证了算法的正确性和有效性,为求解更复杂的编队干扰资源分配问题提供了参考方案.     

基于蜂窝纸板的系留平台缓冲分析与试验

为保证系留气球平台在空投着陆中的安全,必须对其中的压力气瓶进行缓冲分析与实验。文章采用蜂窝纸板作为气瓶缓冲材料,采用LS-DYNA软件,并依据蜂窝纸板实际参数处理材料模型,仿真分析了在不同蜂窝纸板厚度、不同跌落速度和不同着陆姿态下的缓冲过程。根据仿真结果,设计了蜂窝纸板缓冲结构和加速度检测模块,采用吊车起吊跌落进行了实验验证。仿真分析和实验结果均表明,蜂窝纸板厚度为500mm,跌落速度低于10m/s时,气瓶缓冲后加速度低于20gn,可满足空投着陆应用要求。文章基于LS-DYNA的蜂窝纸板缓冲有限元分析是可行的,研究结果对于气瓶类装备的着陆缓冲结构设计有参考价值。     

Artificial equilibrium points and bi-impulsive maneuvers to observe 243 Ida

In the restricted three-body problem, the traditional Lagrange points L₁ and L₂ are the only equilibrium points near the asteroid 243 Ida. The thrust generated by a solar sail over a spacecraft enables the existence of new artificial equilibrium points, which depend on the position of the spacecraft with respect to the asteroid and the attitude of the solar sail. Such equilibrium points generate new spots to observe the body from above or below the plane of motion. Such points are very good observational locations due to their stationary condition. This work provides a preliminary analysis to observe Ida through the use of artificial equilibrium points as spots combined with transfer maneuvers between them. Such combination can be used to observe the asteroid from more different points of view in comparison to fixed ones. The analyses are made for a spacecraft equipped with a solar sail and capable of performing bi-impulsive maneuvers. The solar radiation pressure is used both to maintain the equilibrium condition and to reduce the costs of the transfers and/or to create transfers with longer duration. This is a new aspect of the present research, because it combines the continuous thrust with initial and final small impulses, which are feasible for most of the spacecraft, because the magnitudes of the impulses are very low. These combined maneuvers may reduce the transfer times of the maneuvers in most of the cases, compared with the maneuvers based only on continuous thrust. Several options involved in these transfers are shown, like to minimize the fuel spent ($\mathrm{\Delta }\mathit{v}$) as a function of the transfer time or to extend the duration of the travel between the points. Extended transfer times can be useful when observations are required during the transfers.     

A combined technique of Kalman filter,artificial neural network and fuzzy logic for gas turbines and signal fault isolation

The target of this paper is the performance-based diagnostics of a gas turbine for the automated early detection of components malfunctions. The paper proposes a new combination of multiple methodologies for the performance-based diagnostics of single and multiple failures on a two-spool engine. The aim of this technique is to combine the strength of each methodology and provide a high success rate for single and multiple failures with the presence of measurement malfunctions. A combination of KF (Kalman Filter), ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and FL (Fuzzy Logic) is used in this research in order to improve the success rate, to increase the flexibility and the number of failures detected and to combine the strength of multiple methods to have a more robust solution. The Kalman filter has in his strength the measurement noise treatment, the artificial neural network the simulation and prediction of reference and deteriorated performance profile and the fuzzy logic the categorization flexibility, which is used to quantify and classify the failures. In the area of GT (Gas Turbine) diagnostics, the multiple failures in combination with measurement issues and the utilization of multiple methods for a 2-spool industrial gas turbine engine has not been investigated extensively.This paper reports the key contribution of each component of the methodology and brief the results in the quantification and classification success rate. The methodology is tested for constant deterioration and increasing noise and for random deterioration. For the random deterioration and nominal noise of 0.4%, in particular, the quantification success rate is above 92.0%, while the classification success rate is above 95.1%. Moreover, the speed of the data processing (1.7 s/sample) proves the suitability of this methodology for online diagnostics.     

引入杆位移抑制滤波器的驾驶员诱发振荡防范方法

对人-机闭环系统进行数学建模,基于 Neal-Smith频域准则,对建立的模型进行参数匹配。在该模型条件下,以对驾驶员诱发振荡(Pilot Induced Oscillation,PIO)现象的产生机理及诱发因素的研究为基础,深入探讨了在恶劣环境下 PIO的防范方法,并利用 Neal-Smith频域准则对该防范方法进行评估。通过开环特性和闭环特性分析,确立了引入杆位移抑制滤波器的方法来有效抑制 PIO的发生,为飞机设计研制过程中有效防范 PIO提供借鉴和参考。     

调整径向游隙提高滚动轴承性能的研究

本文系统地探讨了滚动轴承径向游隙对轴承内部负荷分布、支承刚度、多轴承系统中外载荷在各个轴承上的分配、弹性流体动力润滑的油膜厚度和轴承疲劳寿命的影响。通过分析可见,径向游隙对轴承的疲劳寿命和支承刚度有显著的影响。最后文中还给出了轴承径向游隙选用的一般原则。