钢结构建筑火灾危险性和耐火保护

钢结构作为现代建筑领域最具广泛应用的建筑材料，在诸多方面显示出优良的性能。钢材虽具有较好的强度和韧性．但钢不耐火，当温度达到400℃～600℃时，则钢材会失去强度和刚度，本文介绍钢结构的耐火性能及致灾因素．重点指出了钢结构的耐火保护原理及耐火保护的几种方法。     

半透明高温涂层的内部辐射效应

为了准确计算涂层和金属基底内的温度和热流，需要考虑涂层内部热辐射的影响。采用光线踪迹／节点分析法对吸收、各向同性散射性非灰涂层内的辐射与导热瞬态耦合换热进行数值模拟。与多个文献的计算结果比较表明，计算方法正确，计算结果精度高。数值模拟结果表明，忽略涂层内的热辐射会使实际运动中的金属部件温度高于设计温度。     

玻璃型二次表面镜的卫星飞行试验

文章介绍了兰州物理研究所研制的石英玻璃型二次表面镜（ＯＳＲ）的卫星搭载试验结果，并对ＯＳＲ的长期空间稳定性作了初步预测。试验和计算结果表明，其ＯＳＲ的太阳吸收率的１０年增值△αｓ预计不超过０．０５５，与国外同类产品的空间稳定性水平相当，已能满足卫星应用的要求。     

航天器两种常用涂层的电导性能实验研究

航天器表面在轨道运行中会出现电荷积累现象,尤其高轨道航天器这种现象更为严重。改善航天器表面的导电能力是解决这一问题的有效途径之一。据此,本文对两种常用的航天器表面涂层在模拟空间亚暴环境下电导性能的变化及其规律作了实验研究。     

低αs有机硅热控涂层及其空间防护作用研究

介绍了三种有机硅热控涂层的组成、工艺及性能，井讨论了影响涂层稳定性的因素。用LAMBDA—9分光度计和扫描电镜(SEM)对在模拟原子氧(AO)环境中的有机热控涂层太阳光吸收率(αs)的变化和防护作用进行表征研究。结果表明，这些涂层均有良好的空间稳定性，对AO辐照有较强的防护效果。该研究建立了空间材料新的防护体系。尤其是9—5涂层的αs最低，性能最优越。     

芳氧基聚磷腈绝热包覆材料的性能表征

针对固体火箭发动机对绝热包覆材料性能要求,制备了芳氧基聚磷腈绝热包覆材料。利用热导率测定仪、动态热机械仪、SEM及国军标规定的测试方法对芳氧基聚磷腈的热导率、线膨胀系数、烧蚀后碳层结构、密度、线烧蚀率及与推进剂的相容性等进行了表征。结果表明,芳氧基聚磷腈的热导率为0.187 W/(m·K)、线膨胀系数为2.31×10-4℃-1、密度为1.196 g/cm3、线烧蚀率为0.109 mm/s,而且烧蚀后成碳率高、碳层坚硬,同时该材料与推进剂具有良好的相容性。芳氧基聚磷腈优异的物理性能及抗烧蚀性能,证明其可作为火箭发动机绝热包覆材料并显示出良好的应用前景。     

光弹性贴片材料条纹值标定及不确定度评定

光弹性材料条纹值是应用光弹性材料进行应力或应变测量时需要标定的一个材料常数。针对薄板型光弹性贴片易弯曲、不适合标准圆盘试件法标定的问题,提出一种基于等截面梁加载方式的标定方法,方便快捷地标定了环氧树脂光弹性贴片材料条纹值,并对标定结果进行了不确定度评定。     

Corrosion Resistance of Ni-P Composite Coating on Mg Alloy： Critical Role of the Intermediate Phosphate Conversion Coating Layer for Suppressing Galvanic Couple Formation

Electroless nickel (EN) plating can give rise to the severe galvanic corrosion of the magnesium (Mg) alloy matrix, owing to its nobler electrochemical potential than Mg alloy. To hinder the formation of galvanic couple, an intermediate phosphate conversion coating (PCC) layer is introduced between the EN layer and the Mg alloy matrix. Since the ceramic-like PCC layer cannot be catalyzed, a low-cost Ag-activation technique is used to process the PCC layer before electroless plating. The cross-section morphology and element distribution of the PCC-EN composite coating indicate that the PCC intermediate layer can effectively separate the Mg alloy from the EN layer. Moreover, the results of electrochemical tests suggest that the PCC-EN composite coating has a better corrosion resistance in comparison with the EN coating and AZ91D Mg alloy.     

Application of shear-sensitive liquid crystal coating to visualization of transition and reattachment in compressor cascade

The present paper aims at introducing Shear-Sensitive Liquid Crystal Coating (SSLCC) technology into compressor cascade measurement for the first time and serves as a basis for better understanding of the influence from the boundary layers. Optical path layout, which is the most significant difficulty in internal flow field measurement, will be solved in this paper by self-designed image acquisition device. Massive experiments with different Mach number and incidence are conducted at a continuous subsonic cascade wind tunnel to capture the boundary layer phenomenon. Image processing methods, such as Three-Dimensional (3-D) reconstruction and Hue conversion, are used to improve the accuracy for transition position detection. The analysis of the color-images indicates that complex flow phenomena including transition, flow separation, and reattachment are captured successfully, and the effect of Mach number and incidence on the boundary layer flow is also discussed. The results show that: the Mach number has a significant effect on transition position; the incidence has little effect on transition position, but it has a great impact on the transition distance and leading-edge separation; influenced by the end-walls, the reattachment occurs in advance under positive angle of attack conditions.     

固胶对保偏光纤环的影响

阐述了固胶对光纤环及光纤陀螺两个重要性能参数——温度性能和振动性能的作用和影响,针对某项目对光纤陀螺实际要求的条件进行了陀螺的全方面试验,并分析试验结果.试验和分析结果表明,固胶对光纤环和光纤陀螺的影响是由涂胶工艺不当带来的,涂胶量及涂胶的均匀度是产生影响的两个主要因素,胶的温度性能及自身固化后状态对光纤环性能也会产生影响.得出结论:固胶工艺或固胶方式、方法对光纤环的性能有极大的影响,特别是对光纤环在温度变化时的影响表现更为明显,另外,固胶对光纤环的影响,还表现在胶固化后的状态.