不同压力下微秒脉冲表面介质阻挡放电流场实验

采用粒子图像测速（PIV）技术,在不同空气压力条件下,测量了微秒脉冲等离子体气动激励诱导流场的演化过程,分析了不同压力下的流场启动涡、流场结构和壁面射流.根据实验数据计算研究了诱导力随压力变化的空间分布趋势.实验结果表明:常压下和5500Pa压力下产生一个启动涡,19000Pa和11700Pa压力下产生两个启动涡.稳定流场结构随压力减少分别为L型、∽型和V型.压力减小,诱导流场对等离子体气动激励的响应时间减少,射流切向距离变短,距壁面法向距离增加.最大诱导力随压力降低减小,x坐标逐渐向表面介质阻挡放电（SDBD）激励器靠近.      

DR/GPS组合导航系统滤波技术研究

陆用航位推算系统（DR）的精度主要受到里程系数和航向误差的制约,其误差模型本质具有非线性,因此采用非线性滤波算法能显著提高里程系数和航向误差的估计精度。本文将粒子滤波应用到航位推算（DR）/GPS组合导航系统数据融合过程中,对航位推算 (DR) 与GPS组合导航系统中的里程系数误差和航向误差进行辨识估计,并对里程系数和航向进行修正。粒子滤波存在的主要问题是粒子的退化现象严重,本文将量子粒子群优化 (PSO) 算法与粒子滤波相结合,提出了量子PSO粒子滤波算法,该算法采用量子位对粒子进行编码,引入量子旋转门与变异操作保持了粒子集的多样性,通过量子PSO搜索寻优重新分配粒子,使粒子集有效地逼近真实的后验概率分布,从而有效地减轻了退化现象,提高了粒子滤波的精度。跑车实验结果表明,该算法有效地抑制了DR导航系统误差的增长,提高了组合导航系统的定位精度。     

开缝圆柱缝隙倾斜角对脱落涡的影响

开缝圆柱绕流作为钝体绕流研究的分支,具备很强的应用前景,但是对其复杂的流动现象的物理本质的理解仍不完善。本文采用流动显示技术和粒子成像测速技术(PIV),探究缝隙对开缝圆柱流场结构的影响,在数据处理方面采用本征正交分解(POD)方法对开缝圆柱流场信息进行了重建。实验研究表明:在一定雷诺数范围内,开缝圆柱缝隙的存在从根本上改变了圆柱绕流近区尾流的结构;开缝圆柱脱落涡的脱落频率对开缝圆柱缝隙倾斜角具有一定的敏感性,随着缝隙倾斜角的增大其斯特劳哈尔数逐渐变大,对比发现开缝圆柱狭缝比(缝隙/直径)为0.15时较0.10的斯特劳哈尔数具有更强的稳定性。     

高抗扰高精度无人机着舰纵向飞行控制

针对无人机着舰过程中舰尾流扰动和甲板运动扰动对着舰点散布的影响,对复杂着舰环境下的无人机着舰纵向控制策略、控制结构和控制律参数设计方法进行研究。针对常规控制结构抗扰能力不足的问题,提出了无人机着舰纵向多操纵面平衡态直接力控制(DFC)策略及控制结构。提出了面向着舰点散布的控制律参数优化设计方法,该方法在保证系统满足稳定裕度指标的基础上,综合考虑了舰尾流扰动和甲板运动扰动对着舰点散布的影响,使2种扰动造成的着舰点散布最小。构建控制律参数优化设计问题,通过粒子群优化(PSO)算法进行优化设计,得到高抗扰性能的控制律参数。在控制律参数优化中考虑舰尾流和甲板运动的功率谱密度分布,使设计更具有针对性,减小了控制律设计的保守性,进一步提高控制的抗扰性能。算例设计及仿真验证了多操纵面平衡态DFC控制结构在抵抗舰尾流扰动和甲板运动扰动方面的优异性能,并证明了所提控制律参数设计方法的有效性。     

铝锂合金的钎焊性研究

通过试验研究,探讨了铝锂合金的钎焊性。试验结果表明,铝锂合金具有良好的高温软钎焊性和硬钎焊性,在钎料中添加微量稀土,可进一步提高钎焊接头的性能。     

The Earth’s magnetosphere response to interplanetary medium conditions on January 21–22, 2005 and on December 14–15, 2006

The Earth’s magnetosphere response to interplanetary medium conditions on January 21–22, 2005 and on December 14–15, 2006 has been studied. The analysis of solar wind parameters measured by ACE spacecraft, of geomagnetic indices variations, of geomagnetic field measured by GOES 11, 12 satellites, and of energetic particle fluxes measured by POES 15, 16, 17 satellites was performed together with magnetospheric modeling based in terms of A2000 paraboloid model. We found the similar dynamics of three particle populations (trapped, quasi-trapped, and precipitating) during storms of different intensities developed under different external conditions: the maximal values of particle fluxes and the latitudinal positions of the isotropic boundaries were approximately the same. The main sources caused RC build-up have been determined for both magnetic storms. Global magnetospheric convection controlled by IMF and substorm activity driven magnetic storm on December 14–15, 2006. Extreme solar wind pressure pulse was mainly responsible for RC particle injection and unusual January 21, 2005 magnetic storm development under northward IMF during the main phase.     

Preparation of SiC_p/Al_2O_3-Al Composites by Directed Metal Oxidation

SiCp/Al2O3-Al composites were synthesized by means of direct metal oxidation method. The composition and microstructures of the composites were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and metallurgical microscope. The effects of technical parameters on the properties of the product were analyzed. The results indicate that the composite possesses a dense microstructure, composed of three interpenetrated phases. Of them, SiO2 layer prohibits the powdering of the composites; Mg promotes the wetting and infiltration of the system and Si restricts the interfacial reaction while improving the wetting ability between reinforcement and matrix.     

The Investigation of Possible Approaches of Cataloged Space Objects to Manned Spacecraft

Initial orbital parameter errors are used to examine the miss distance between a spacecraft and an ensemble of tracked objects by a Monte Carlo-type analysis. The radial separation between orbits is evaluated and a keep-out zone is determined, which reduces the risk of collision to an acceptable level.An operational prediction methodology is suggested based on a catalog database, which identifies potentially hazardous approaches and computes the probability of collision for selected spacecraft. An example for the Mir Space Station is presented, which estimates the collision probability and the cross-sectional flux of cataloged objects for the time frame of interest. The results appear to be in good agreement with those of other space debris models.     

稠密气固两相流颗粒质量流量测量方法研究

为解决粉末火箭发动机和粉末冲压发动机供粉系统冷流标定过程中颗粒质量流量的测量问题,提出了一种稠密气固两相流中颗粒质量流量的测量方法,并基于旋风分离器和电子天平运用该方法设计了一套气固两相流中固体质量流量的测量装置,同时运用粉末火箭发动机的供粉系统对该测量方法和装置的测试性能进行了实验验证研究。结果表明:测量装置的粉末收集效率可高达98.5%以上,为固体颗粒的质量流量测量提供了保障;测量方法具有较好的可靠性和测量精度,其测量结果相对误差低于3%;测量方法具有较好的测量稳定性,重复性实验中测量结果相对误差低于2%;通过改变旋风分离器结构设计等参数,可拓宽测量方法的适用范围。     

铝铜铁准晶抗高温氧化行为的研究

利用真空非自耗电弧炉制备了 Al6 2 .5Cu2 5Fe1 2 .5合金。采用 X射线 ,扫描电镜及热重方法对Al-Cu-Fe准晶的结构及恒温氧化行为进行了分析。研究结果表明 :Al-Cu-Fe准晶具有优良的抗氧化性。原因是氧化使铝元素向准晶表面扩散并富集 ,形成一层薄而致密的 Al2 O3氧化膜 ,从而延缓了氧化速度。在 80 0℃下 ,Al6 2 .5Cu2 5Fe1 2 .5准晶的氧化动力学符合抛物线规律。首次原位观察了 Al-Cu-Fe准晶在等温氧化过程中形貌变化 ,发现在 70 0℃和 80 0℃氧化时 Al-Cu-Fe准晶表面具有明显不同。通过等温氧化增重实验定量比较了 Al6 2 .5Cu2 5Fe1 2 .5准晶粉末与其它 Al-Cu-Fe系晶体合金的抗氧化性能 ,结果表明 Al-Cu-Fe准晶相抗氧化性能最好 ,说明准晶结构对其氧化行为具有重要影响