Remnants of compact binary mergers

We investigate the long-term evolution and observability of remnants originating from the merger of compact binary systems and discuss the differences to supernova remnants. Compact binary mergers expel much smaller amounts of mass at much higher velocities, as compared to supernovae, which will affect the dynamical evolution of their remnants. The ejecta of mergers consist of very neutron rich nuclei. Some of these neutron rich nuclei will produce observational signatures in form of gamma ray lines during their decay. The composition of the ejecta might even give interesting constraints about the internal structure of the neutron star. We further discuss the possibility that merger remnants appear as recently discovered ‘dark accelerators’ which are extended TeV sources which lack emission in other bands.     

可视化技术在分析新型蓄冷材料——笼型化合物(Clathrate)溶解过程中的应用(一)

混浊液内部的流动 ,由于微粒子之间的相互作用以及因浊度高不易进行内部观察 ,所以无论是分析还是可视化实验都相当困难 ,存在着许多未弄清的问题。通过采用折射率匹配 (Refractive IndexMatching)技术 ,使透明的微粒子与透明的溶媒的折射率近乎相同 ,做成一种透明的“混浊液” ,从而使混入其中的示踪粒子的运动轨迹能被摄像机捕捉到 ,并以微粒子的沉降和温度的干涉所引起的流动现象为焦点 ,利用图像速度测量法来处理分析所拍摄到的可视化图像 ,成功地获得了定量的混浊液内部的速度场 ,为进一步揭示混浊液内部自然对流的流动机理提供了实验依据。     

The Effects of Transverse Magnetic Field and Density Variations on the Particle Energy Spectra in a Reconnecting 3D Current Sheet

Electron and proton acceleration by a super-Dreicer electric field is further investigated in a non-neutral reconnecting current sheet (RCS) with a variable plasma density. The tangential B _z and transverse magnetic field components B _x are assumed to vary with the distances x and z from the X nullpoint linearly and exponentially, respectively; the longitudinal component (a ‘guiding field’) is accepted constant. Particles are found to gain a bulk of their energy in a thin region close to the X nullpoint where the RCS density increases with z exponentially with the index λ and the tangential magnetic field B _x also increases with z exponentially with the index α. For the RCS with a constant density (λ = 0), the variations of the tangential magnetic field lead to particle power-law energy spectra with the spectral indices γ₁ being dependent on the exponent α as: for protons and for electrons in a strong guiding field (β > 10⁻²) and for electrons in a moderate or weak guiding field (β > 10⁻⁴). For the RCS with an exponential density increase in the vicinity of the X nullpoint (λ≥ 0) there is a further increase of the resulting spectral indices γ that depends on the density exponent index λ as for protons and for electrons in weaker guiding fields and as for electrons in stronger guiding fields. These dependencies can explain a wide variety (1.5–10) of particle spectral indices observed in solar flares by the variations of a magnetic field topology and physical conditions in a reconnecting region. This can be used as a diagnostic tool for the investigation of the RCS dynamics from the accelerated particle spectra found from hard X-ray and microwave emission.     

LF3铝合金管自由电磁胀形工艺及其形状控制

研究了LF3铝合金管无模电磁胀形工艺及不同工艺参数对胀形形状的影响规律。结果表明 ,放电能量、不同材料的保护管、放电频率及管坯成形长度对胀形形状有着显著影响 ,通过调整和选择上述工艺参数 ,可以控制圆管的胀形形状。成形管的中部形状为圆筒状 ,随着变形能量和频率增大 ,成形管径向变形也随之增大 ,而管坯端口处则随着保护管材料电阻的增大 ,口部由锥形向喇叭形变化。管坯成形长度对制件形状的影响表现为成形长度增加 ,制件中部圆筒状长度也增加 ,而端口部均呈尺寸大致相同的锥形或喇叭形。当管坯成形长度大于 40mm时 ,在成形能量相同的条件下 ,制件在管坯端口和固定器附近的变形几乎一致 ,而与成形长度无关     

Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金氩弧焊

研究用Ti-Al-Nb基(高Nb)合金作填充材料氩弧焊(充氩箱中)Ti-24Al-15Nb-1Mo合金时的焊缝成形及其接头显微结构和力学性能特点.结果表明,固溶处理状态下母材氩弧焊时具有较低的冷裂纹敏感性.焊态下,接头抗拉强度912～927MPa,延伸率2.5%～3.7%,焊缝冲击韧性4.7J/cm2～10.4J/cm2,近热影响区是接头力学性能的薄弱区域.     

基于改进粒子群算法辨识Volterra级数的目标机动轨迹预测

目标机动轨迹预测是空战态势感知和目标威胁评估的重要前提。针对传统目标机动轨迹预测模型复杂度大、预测精度低等问题，结合目标机动轨迹时间序列的混沌特性，提出一种基于相空间重构理论和Volterra泛函级数的目标机动轨迹预测模型。该模型首先采用0-1检测法验证了目标机动轨迹时间序列具有混沌特性；其次，利用C-C法确定嵌入维数和时间延迟，对目标机动轨迹时间序列进行了相空间重构；然后，引入Volterra泛函级数预测模型，为了克服高阶Volterra核函数求解复杂的难题，提出一种混沌变异自适应粒子群算法，构建一种基于改进粒子群算法辨识的Volterra级数预测模型，并将其应用于目标机动轨迹预测；最后，将所提算法与卡尔曼滤波算法以及机器学习算法进行单步和多步预测对比，同时将改进粒子群算法与其他智能算法进行性能比较。仿真结果表明：所提预测模型具有良好的单步和多步预测性能，改进的粒子群算法具有参数辨识精度高、收敛速度快的优点。     

基于单颗粒模型的航发叶片砂带磨削微观仿生锯齿状表面形成及实验

基于鲨鱼皮衍生出来的微观仿生表面被广泛应用于机翼等航空零部件的设计中，对于提高航空零部件的疲劳寿命、气流动力性等服役性能具有重要作用。砂带磨削能实现零部件表面的高完整性要求的加工，故常用于叶片、整体叶盘等复杂曲面的精密磨削，且能实现微观表面形状，但目前缺乏砂带磨削微观表面的系统研究从而难以实现其精确控制。首先，分析了微观仿生锯齿状表面的典型结构特征，基于单颗粒砂带磨削模型，研究了单颗粒砂带磨削去除机理；然后，建立了砂带磨削多颗粒参数化数学模型，提出了微观仿生锯齿状表面砂带磨削方法；最后，以钛合金叶片型面为对象，搭建以钛合金为典型材料的微观仿生锯齿状表面砂带磨削基础实验平台，进行仿生表面的实验验证。通过对磨削后叶片的表面微观形状参数进行检测，结果表明通过砂带磨削方法实现的微观仿生锯齿状表面以锯齿形沟槽为主，其中沟槽的宽度在2.5~8 μm之间、平均值为4.91 μm，沟槽的高度在3.5~9 μm之间、平均值为5.91 μm，沟槽的夹角在28°~68°之间、平均值为42.3°，验证了微观仿生锯齿状表面砂带磨削的可行性。     

Analysis of precipitable water vapour characteristics from GNSS measurements during the snow season in Liaoning Province,China

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) remote sensing precipitable water vapour (PWV) data from November 2015 to March 2019 were combined with snowfall observation data and used to analyse PWV characteristics in Liaoning Province during the snow season (from November to March the following year) and their relationship with snowfall. The potential of using GNSS for PWV measurements was demonstrated using sounding data with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.9 and a mean bias error lower than 0.5 mm. According to the GNSS PWV data gathered at 30-min intervals from 68 GNSS stations in Liaoning during the snow season, the monthly PWV average was highest in November and lowest in January. Negative correlations were found between PWV and altitude. Most of the water vapour was concentrated in the low layer of the atmosphere, and the contribution of this vapour to the PWV was higher during the snow season than in summer. A total of 43 snow cases were identified using the snowfall records from 53 GNSS stations, and the characteristics of PWV during these snowfalls were analysed. An increase in PWV was observed before snowfall events. Moreover, the influence of synoptic systems and air mass origins on PWV was analysed based on National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results show that the water vapour condition was better when the synoptic systems or air masses came from areas south of Liaoning.     

基于改进GPC的无人直升机动态路径规划

针对小型无人直升机航迹受到风场扰动和导航系统定位误差影响下的航迹最优规划问题,建立了风扰动和导航误差影响下的飞行航迹线性模型。基于混合整数规划思想,采用粒子滤波改进广义模型预测控制算法实时规划航迹,降低了导航定位误差造成的航迹估计偏差,提高了航迹估计精度。仿真结果表明,该算法能够生成三维可行航迹并躲避障碍物,且规划时间和无人机能耗较传统方法显著减少。     

金属聚合物复合材料的电树枝生长模拟

为了研究金属聚合物复合材料的击穿特性,在WZ模型的基础上建立了在绝缘聚合物介质中填充不同体积浓度的理想金属粒子的逾渗模型。利用计算机对放电通道的发展进行仿真,并对得到的仿真图形进行比较,研究了金属颗粒的体积浓度、下极板施加的电压、放电通道内的阈值电压和树点发展的概率指数对放电通道发展的影响。结果表明,金属粒子体积浓度越大,则放电树枝分枝越多。因此,填充金属颗粒可以明显地增强绝缘介质的导电性,其中逾渗阈值为0.6。下极板施加的电压越大,放电通道内的阈值电压和树点发展的概率指数越小,则放电树枝分枝越多,同时放电树枝生长过程中的积累损伤越大,该规律与实际放电情况相符合。