动态过程的飞艇排气特性分析

在体积可变的情况下,针对一次排气过程中压差和艇囊体积的动态变化,利用伯努利方程和气体状态方程,揭示了飞艇的排气特性,即压差的平方根随时间线性下降。进而提出一种排气阀效率和艇体变形的实验方法,可在飞艇集成测试中同步完成。试验校验了飞艇的排气特性,且飞艇体积变形率与压差成正比,排气阀效率与标定结果一致。本文的结果可为飞艇总体设计、压力和浮力控制提供参考。     

Experimental investigation of transient thermal behavior of an airship under different solar radiation and airflow conditions

Knowledge of the thermal behavior of airships is crucial to the development of airship technology. An experiment apparatus is constructed to investigate the thermal response characteristics of airships, and the transient temperature distributions of both hull and inner gas are obtained under the irradiation of a solar simulator and various airflow conditions. In the course of the research, the transient temperature change of the experimental airship is measured for four airflow speeds of 0 m/s (natural convection), 3.26 m/s, 5.5 m/s and 7.0 m/s, and two incident solar radiation values of 842.4 W/m² and 972.0 W/m². The results show that solar irradiation has significant influence on the airship hull and inner gas temperatures even if the airship stays in a ground airflow environment where the heat transfer is dominated by radiation and convection. The airflow around the airship is conducive to reduce the hull temperature and temperature nonuniformity. Transient thermal response of airships rapidly varies with time under solar radiation conditions and the hull temperature remains approximately constant in ∼5–10 min. Finally, a transient thermal model of airship is developed and the model is validated through comparison with the experimental data.     

基于双弹簧振子模型的飞艇起落架载荷研究

FAA-P-8110-2《飞艇设计准则》相关条款明确了飞艇起落架载荷的适航规范要求,为了使飞艇起落架 设计更好地满足适航条款,本文提出基于双弹簧振子模型的飞艇起落架载荷计算方法。根据经典动力学理论, 推导飞艇起落架系统的振动微分方程组;运用 Python语言的科学计算模块对模型进行编程、封装,形成便捷友 好的可视化仿真工具;以某载人飞艇型号为研究对象,分析影响起落架载荷的主要因素,并通过仿真计算起落 架载荷。结果表明:提出的基于双弹簧振子模型的飞艇起落架载荷计算模型满足FAA-P-8110-2条款对起落架 载荷计算的要求;在给定的气囊内外压差下,起落架载荷随着气囊压力的增加而减小。     

Concept options for the aerial survey of Titan

Various aerial platforms intended for long endurance survey of the Titan surface are presented. A few novel concepts are introduced, including a heated methane balloon and a balloon with a tethered wind turbine. All the concept options are predicted to have lower scientific payload fractions than the Huygens probe. It is concluded that the selection of the best aerial platform option depends on more accurate mass estimates and a clear decision on whether, or not, in situ surface composition measurements are required in conjunction with aerial remote sensing.     

飞艇气动特性分析与设计的一种新趋向

在飞艇气动研究中,将气动计算特别是计算流体力学与优化算法相结合的数值方法非常便于在计算机上应用,实现设计的自动化,相比传统的设计方法具有明显的优势,在最近的研究中多被采用.本文针对新近的若干篇代表性的飞艇气动优化设计的文章,分析其所用的气动计算方法和优化算法,以及优化的结果,指出气动外形优化需要注意的问题,为相关研究提供有益的参考.     

平流层飞艇的环境控制

文章叙述了平流层飞艇要经历的对流层和平流层的环境特点，对平流层飞艇的环境控制进行了分析，并提出了环境控制的几个注意问题。     

飞船舱门机构环境试验技术

文章主要介绍了飞船留轨舱和返回舱的大门机构在真空、高低温环境中的总漏率检测试验技术和开关性能测量技术。同时,还介绍了完成该项试验的无油真空环境模拟设备的组成、特点及检漏系统的参数分析等。     

低空环境中浮空器的热数值模拟与实验研究

浮空器在通信等领域有着广阔的应用前景。温度控制是浮空器应用中涉及的关键技术之一,因此有必要对浮空器进行热分析和实验研究。本文针对低空环境与平流层的不同,考虑太阳直接辐射、天空散射辐射、地表反射的太阳辐射、大气辐射、地表辐射以及外部对流换热等因素,建立了浮空器在地面的热分析理论模型,利用CFD软件对浮空器进行了热数值模拟,并初步进行了实验研究。通过数值模拟结果与实验数据的对比,证明了理论模型具有一定的合理性。本文也为研究浮空器升空过程提供了数学物理模型。
     

平流层飞艇外形气动特性分析

结合某平流层飞艇的外形设计,文章采用数值模拟的方法研究了平流层飞艇外形的气动特性。基于雷诺平均N-S方程,采用非结构网格的有限体积方法进行了求解;空间离散分别采用了Jameson的中心格式和Osher逆风格式,时间离散则采用五步Runge-Kutta格式;紊流模型分别采用了S-A一方程模型M-SST两方程模型。本研究有助于了解平流层飞艇的气动特性及气动外形设计过程中存在的问题,为平流层飞艇设计提供参考依据。     

A comprehensive numerical model examining the thermal performance of airships

A novel computational model for analyzing the airship’s transient thermal performance under different environmental conditions was developed. Radiative heat transfer and natural convection inside the airship were modeled using the control volume method. The Semi-Implicit Method aiming at the Pressure-Linked Equations algorithm was adopted to solve the control equations. Such approach was able to take into account the solar irradiative heat flux, the infrared radiation at different locations, and the convection both inside and outside the airship. The simulation results, showing the detailed distributions of temperature and velocity on the envelope and inside the airship, were in good agreement with the experimental measurements. The influences of solar position and material radiative properties on temperature distribution, as well as natural convective flow inside airship, were further simulated and discussed.