内乘波式进气道内收缩基本流场研究

内收缩基本流场的设计直接决定了内乘波式进气道最终性能.编制二维轴对称特征线法程序,实现了来流马赫数6条件下的内收缩锥基本流场计算.提出以两道曲激波将内收缩锥流场划分为三个区域,反射激波与基本流场的交点所在平面流量平均参数作为内收缩锥基本流场的性能评价参数.分析发现,内收缩锥基本流场流动特征与平面二维流动和外锥流动存在显著不同,该类流场流动损失与二维平面流动相当,但压缩能力强.内锥角、中心体半径比两个几何参数对流场性能的影响具有相似规律,给出了相应表达式,从而为内乘波式进气道的设计提供了依据.     

基于健康蜕化的航空发动机传感器故障诊断(英文)

改进在线故障诊断算法使其能适应发动机健康蜕化是目前故障诊断所面临的困难,如果诊断算法没有自适应能力,在发动机健康蜕化后将失去其诊断功能。为了解决此问题,提出在线故障诊断算法,采用跟踪滤波器估计发动机的健康状况,机载模型根据跟踪滤波器的估计结果进行更新。更新后的机载模型能够与真实的发动机相匹配。这使得当发动机健康蜕化后在线故障诊断仍能保持其有效性。最后采用一组卡尔曼滤波器来对航空发动机传感器故障进行诊断与隔离。通过设计好的一组卡尔曼滤波器,能够诊断并隔离出故障。本文使用非线性发动机模型来验证此方法,仿真结果表明本文提出的在线诊断方法在发动机健康蜕化后仍能保持其有效性。     

连续爆轰发动机的二维数值模拟研究

介绍了连续爆轰发动机(Continuous detonation engine,简称CDE)的物理模型及爆轰波传播的物理机理,并对CDE流场的波结构进行了分析.使用两步化学反应模型对简化的CDE模型做了二维数值模拟研究.计算了圆柱面展开二维平面的多个爆轰循环过程.模拟结果较好地匹配了相关CDE实验所获得的流场结构.数值计算结果使我们可以更加透彻地理解CDE各方面的参数,对于CDE的进一步研究具有一定的指导意义.      

预爆管式脉冲爆震原型机试验研究

为了实现多循环吸气式脉冲爆震发动机（PDE）在较短距离内缓燃向爆震的转捩,降低主爆管通过障碍物触发爆震的内部阻力损失,设计了预爆管和主爆管以同种混气（汽油/空气）为工作介质的两相PDE原型机,试验研究了爆震燃烧过程。研究表明：当预爆管出口扩张角度为45°时,可以实现爆震波在主爆管内向衍射面上、下游传播;设计的预爆管式PDE原型机可以实现最高频率为66.7 Hz的稳定间歇工作。     

孔间距和前倾角对进出口扩张形气膜孔流量系数的影响(英文)

Discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole of three inclination angles and three spacing between holes are presented which described the discharge behavior of a row of holes. The inlet and outlet of the 3-in-1 hole both have a 15° lateral expansion. The flow conditions considered are mainstream turbulence intensities and density ratios of secondary flow to mainstream. The momentum flux ratios varied in the range from 1 to 4. The comparison is made of the discharge coefficients of three shaped holes to find an optimal hole with low flow loss. The results show that the discharge coefficients of 3-in- 1 hole are highest in three shaped holes and therefore this article is focused on the measurements of discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole for various geometries and aerodynamic parameters. The measured results of 3-in-1 hole indicate that turbulence intensities, density ratios and momentum flux ratios have weak influence on discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 20°. The high turbulence intensity yields the small discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased both momentum flux ratios and density ratios lead to the increased discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased inclination angle causes the rapidly increased discharge coefficients. There is a weak dependence of discharge coefficients on hole pitches.     

Foreign Object Damage to Fan Rotor Blades of Aeroengine Part Ⅱ： Numerical Simulation of Bird Impact

Bird impact is one of the most dangerous threats to flight safety. The consequences of bird impact can be severe and, therefore, the aircraft components have to be certified for a proven level of bird impact resistance before being put into service. The fan rotor blades of aeroengine are the components being easily impacted by birds. It is necessary to ensure that the fan rotor blades should have adequate resistance against the bird impact, to reduce the flying accidents caused by bird impacts. Using the contacting-impacting algorithm, the numerical simulation is carded out to simulate bird impact. A three-blade computational model is set up for the fan rotor blade having shrouds. The transient response curves of the points corresponding to measured points in experiments, displacements and equivalent stresses on the blades are obtained during the simulation. From the comparison of the transient response curves obtained from numerical simulation with that obtained from experiments, it can be found that the variations in measured points and the corresponding points of simulation are basically the same. The deforming process, the maximum displacements and the maximum equivalent stresses on blades are analyzed. The numerical simulation verifies and complements the experiment results.     

高超声速圆锥边界层转捩数值研究

以类似于处理湍流脉动的方式来模型化非湍流脉动,考虑湍流的间歇性特征及引起超声速流动失稳机制,研究包括转捩起始位置及转捩区范围的高超声速流动转捩问题,发展可反映扰动模态和可压缩性影响的两方程SST转捩/湍流模式.针对尖锥模型,在马赫数6、攻角O°～2°时,采用第二模态(Second-mode)机制,预测并比较完全层流态、完全湍流态,以及自然转捩发展过程中的表面热流、表面摩阻等气动特性.     

高超声速锥导乘波体非设计点性能研究

对设计马赫数6的锥导乘波体在马赫数4～7、迎角-6°～+6°的三维流场进行了数值模拟.研究表明:粘性对阻力系数的影响较大;非设计马赫数时,锥导乘波体的升阻比没有明显减小;升力系数与迎角呈线性关系,随着迎角增大而增大;升阻比在+2°迎角下达到最大.     

高超声速战术导弹精确制导律设计

高超声速战术导弹以其固有的特点在高速目标拦截上应用前景巨大.如何针对高超声速战术导弹高速度、高不确定性的特点设计精确的制导律是导弹能否摧毁目标的关键.针对高超声速战术导弹和高速机动目标建立了相对运动模型,利用自适应滑模控制理论,设计了导弹的自适应精确制导律,并进行了仿真分析.结果表明,该制导律具有较好的控制效果.     

某高超飞行器流道冷流特征及气动力特性研究

对一种类似于X-43A的吸气式高超声速一体化构形全流道开展了风洞实验和数值模拟研究,分析了不同来流总压、飞行攻角以来流Ma数下全流道的流场结构和气动力特性.研究结果表明:(1)飞行攻角对全流道的流动结构和升力系数有着显著影响,但阻力系数的影响并不明显;(2) 研究范围内来流马赫数的变化对全流道的流动结构和全机气动力特性有着一定影响;(3) 前体横截面上存在显著的展向压强梯度,使得经过预压缩的气流偏离了进气道进口,但同时也减少了进入内通道的边界层气流,提高了进口流场的品质.