A multi-objective multi-memetic algorithm for network-wide conflict-free 4D flight trajectories planning

Under the demand of strategic air traffic flow management and the concept of trajectory based operations (TBO),the network-wide 4D flight trajectories planning (N4DFTP) problem has been investigated with the purpose of safely and efficiently allocating 4D trajectories (4DTs) (3D position and time) for all the flights in the whole airway network.Considering that the introduction of large-scale 4DTs inevitably increases the problem complexity,an efficient model for strategic level conflict management is developed in this paper.Specifically,a bi-objective N4DFTP problem that aims to minimize both potential conflicts and the trajectory cost is formulated.In consideration of the large-scale,high-complexity,and multi-objective characteristics of the N4DFTP problem,a multi-objective multi-memetic algorithm (MOMMA) that incorporates an evolutionary global search framework together with three problem-specific local search operators is implemented.It is capable of rapidly and effectively allocating 4DTs via rerouting,target time controlling,and flight level changing.Additionally,to balance the ability of exploitation and exploration of the algorithm,a special hybridization scheme is adopted for the integration of local and global search.Empirical studies using real air traffic data in China with different network complexities show that the pro posed MOMMA is effective to solve the N4DFTP problem.The solutions achieved are competitive for elaborate decision support under a TBO environment.     

我国航空运输需求价格弹性测算

根据经济学理论,同时结合我国航空运输的特点,通过引入我国GDP和我国航空运输每运输吨公里收入两个变量,利用线性回归分析的方法建立了我国航空运输需求函数,并根据需求函数绘制了我国航空运输需求曲线,然后根据需求函数和需求曲线测算了我国航空运输需求价格弹性值。最后,对本研究需要改进的方面进行了分析和总结。     

工艺信息的有效传递

本文探讨了工艺规程的信息本质;探究了实现工艺信息有效传递的三个前提,即信息的完整、准确和规范;指出了保证工艺信息在制造过程中完整地、精确地及规范地传递,是解决企业产品质量波动的关键.     

2007年上市民航运输企业财务分析

利用2007年财务报告，对中国国际航空公司（简称国航）、中国南方航空集团（简称南航）、中国东方航空集团（简称东航）、海南航空公司（简称海航）、上海航空公司（简称上航）5家A股上市民航运输企业财务状况进行了分析，采用比较分析法、比率分析法对5家企业的财务报表进行分析。结果表明，传统财务报表分析方法是从盈利水平和财务风险的角度进行的，从盈利质量、资产质量和现金流的视角能更全面系统地进行财务报表分析，为相关信息使用者决策提供更科学的依据。表明5家A股上市民航运输企业中，在资产规模、获利能力以及创造现金流方面，国航具有总体相对优势，在净资产率和现金流方面，海航具有相对优势。     

Ionospheric precursors of earthquakes and Global Electric Circuit

The electromagnetic coupling between the seismically activated area and the ionosphere is considered within the framework of the Global Electric Circuit (GEC) conception. First we consider the anomalous variations in the ionosphere associated with the earthquake preparation process, their temporal and spatial characteristics using the results from recent publications. Then the GEC conception is presented shortly with main accent put on ionization processes which play key role in the complex chain of physical and chemical interactions changing the electric properties of the planetary boundary layer of atmosphere. We treat this part of troposphere as an open complex system with dissipation where so called “blow up” processes are developed leading to sharp and fast changes of atmospheric parameters including the electric properties of the boundary layer. The new concept named Spatial Scintillation Index is introduced in the last part of the paper. In general, this paper may be considered as a short review of the recent achievements in understanding of the seismo-ionospheric coupling.     

飞机座舱供气品质分析

针对飞机供气异味问题,从飞机座舱供气原理出发,分析可能影响飞机座舱供气品质的因素,通过排查和检测找到供气异味的来源,采取相应措施保证座舱的供气品质,提出座舱供气品质的控制途径,为进一步的飞机座舱空气品质研究提供参考。     

基于混合集合规划的机位分配约束规划模型

为解决现有数学规划方法只能简单描述停机位分配问题而且不能全局搜索最优解的问题,应用混合集合规划方法进行数据建模和逻辑建模,并设计切实可行的求解策略,从而实现全局搜索最优解。对典型实例进行了计算及对比分析,混合集合规划方法能够得出全局最优解,并且最优分配结果的优化目标提升了2%。结果表明,基于混合集合规划的约束规划模型有效可行。     

ATC3000航空地图制作软件及其关键技术分析

针对ATC3000空管自动化系统的运行要求以及飞行管制区现场实际工作的需要,介绍了ATC3000航空地图制作软件的关键技术。文中分析了该软件的结构以及在Windows系统中使用Delphi开发的具体实现技术。     

Experimental comparison between aircraft fuel tank inerting processes using NEA and MIG

Fuel tank inerting technologies are able to reduce the fire risk by injection of inert gas into the ullage or fuel, the former called ullage washing and the latter fuel scrubbing. The Green On-Board Inert Gas Generation System (GOBIGGS) is a novel technology based on flameless catalytic combustion, and owning to its simple structure and high inerting efficiency, it has received a lot of attentions. The inert gas in the GOBIGGS is mainly comprised of CO₂, N₂, and O₂ (hereinafter, Mixed Inert Gas (MIG)), while that in the On-Board Inert Gas Generation System (OBIGGS), which is one of the most widely used fuel tank inerting technologies, is Nitrogen-Enriched Air (NEA). The solubility of CO₂ is nearly 20 times higher than that of N₂ in jet fuels, so the inerting capability and performance are definitely disparate if the inert gas is selected as NEA or MIG. An inerting test bench was constructed to compare the inerting capabilities between NEA and MIG. Experimental results reveal that, if ullage washing is adopted, the variations of oxygen concentrations on the ullage and in the fuel are nearly identical no matter the inert gas is NEA or MIG. However, the ullage and dissolved oxygen concentrations of MIG scrubbing are always higher than those of NEA scrubbing.     

一种降低航空运输成本的方法

随着燃油价格的提高和航空公司人力成本的增加,航空公司的运行成本逐年攀升。如何降低运行成本成为航空公司非常关注的一个问题。在降低成本的各种方法中,有减少燃油消耗的方法,也有减少维修费用增加航空器可靠性的方法,还有优化航路、选择最佳飞行高度的方法等等。介绍一种综合考虑燃油成本和航空公司的直接运行成本,选择最佳的飞行速度,达到总运营成本最低的方法——成本指数方法。航空器在研发当中就应当对这种经济运行模式进行研究,并将其嵌入到飞行管理计算机当中。