基于卡尔曼滤波技术的相对导航技术之研究

本论文主要是研究卡尔曼滤波参数混合技术应用于民用飞机相对导航系统。文中重点在于讨论两架飞机相对位置误差的演变。因此首先研究了飞机绝对导航位置误差的演变。讨论了惯导系统(INS)和卫星定位系统(GPS)的卡尔曼滤波混合。此外，讨论相对导航条件下参数混合以及在下列两种不同的情况下的混合结果：1、飞机间相互传送本机混合后的导航数据；2、未经混合的导航数据传送后再混合。采用MATLAB进行仿真，得到不同方式的导航系统相对位置估计误差演变。     

基于UKF的FADS/INS融合大气数据估计

针对飞行器在高速飞行时受气流干扰、惯性数据易发散等问题,从传感器数据融合角度出发,提出了通过无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)融合嵌入式大气数据观测系统(FADS)和惯性导航系统(INS)估计飞行器实时大气数据的算法。算法使用高维度非线性方程对惯性系统和大气系统间的关系建模,结合FADS与INS的数据,计算飞行器速度和高度,进而估算出攻角、侧滑角等参数。实验结果显示,与INS直接解算、扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)融合等原有估计方法相比,文章所述的算法在估计精度和系统稳定性方面均有所提高。     

直通式蓖齿封严特性的实验研究

用实验方法研究了直通式直齿和直通式斜齿在不同的齿类厚度与封严间隙比、齿数和流向的条件下,泄漏量随蓖齿前后压力比的变化规律。得到了几个有价值的结论,提出了计算其泄漏量的经验公式。计算结果与实验数据吻合良好。     

带增压压气机的小型脉冲爆震涡轴发动机性能分析

为了解决小型涡轴发动机采用脉冲爆震燃烧室代替主燃烧室时,由于脉冲爆震燃烧室的增压作用,无法从压气机出口引气对燃气涡轮冷却、封严的问题,提出了一种带增压压气机的脉冲爆震涡轴发动机(PDTSE)构型,并建立了相应的部件特性和总体性能分析方法.对常规涡轴发动机与带增压压气机的PDTSE性能进行对比研究.计算结果表明:与常规涡...     

基于V型槽的空气/煤油燃气发生器火焰稳定方法研究

为实现空气/煤油燃气发生器的可靠点火和稳定燃烧,采用试验与数值仿真相结合的方法对V槽火焰稳定器应用于燃气发生器时阻塞比和安装位置的选取进行了研究。发现不同阻塞比的火焰稳定器安装于燃气发生器不同位置时局部油气比可以是富油或贫油,甚至出现火焰稳定器一侧为贫油,另一侧为富油的状态。从接近当量比侧向贫油侧的热量和质量传递可以使得贫油侧的火焰稳定性能提高。钝体稳定的空气/煤油部分预混火焰存在“熄火-再点火”过程,其熄火频率为30Hz,高于贫油预混火焰的10Hz。阻塞比约0.6的V槽火焰稳定性能较好,获得了空气/煤油燃气发生器采用钝体稳定火焰时稳定器安装的特征长度范围。      

An innovative approach for integrated airline network and aircraft family optimization

The determination of optimal aerial transport networks and their associated flight frequencies is crucial for the strategic planning of airlines, as well as for carrying out market research, to establish target markets, and for aircraft and crew rostering. In addition, optimum airplane types for the selected networks are crucial to improve revenue and to provide reduced operating costs. The present study proposes an innovative approach to determine the optimal aerial transport network simultaneously with the determination of the optimum fleet for that network, composed of three types of airplanes (network and vehicle integrated design). The network profit is maximized. The passenger’s demands between the airports are determined via a gravitational model. An embedded linear programming solution is responsible for obtaining potential optimal network configurations. The optimum fleet combination is determined from a database of candidate aircraft designs via genetic algorithm. A truly realistic airplane representation is made possible thanks to accurate surrogate models for engine and aerodynamics is adopted. An accurate engine deck encompassing a compression map and an innovative engine weight calculation besides an aerodynamical artificial neural network module enable a high degree of accuracy for the mission analysis. The proposed methodology is applied to obtain the optimum network comprised of twenty main Brazilian airports and corresponding fleet.     

我国航空运输业产业关联研究

根据投入产出法建立了分析航空运输业产业关联的相关模型,在2007年中国投入产出表的基础上,通过计算和比较航空运输业和其他重要产业部门的直接消耗系数、完全消耗系数、直接分配系数、影响力系数和感应度系数,得出了航空运输业在国民经济各部门中的相对位置,以及对其他产业部门的影响力和制约度。     

Percolation transition in temporal airport network

The air transportation system has a critical impact on the global economy. While the system reliability is essential for the operational management of air traffic, it remains challenging to understand the network reliability of the air transportation system. This paper focuses on how the global air traffic is integrated from local scale along with operational time. The integration process of air traffic into a temporally connected network is viewed as percolation process by increasing the integration time constantly. The critical integration time T_P which is found during the integration process can measure the global reliability of air traffic. The critical links at T_P are also identified, the delay of which will influence the global integration of the airport network. These findings may provide insights on the reliability management for the temporal airport network.     

基于非交错有限体积格式和 k-ω 湍流模型模拟叶栅湍流分离流动

发展了一种求解任意坐标系下二维Ｎ－Ｓ方程的非交错有限体积法和一种高阶ＴＶＤ对流格式。采用一种ｋ－ω湍流模型和几种不同的ｋ－ω模型对叶栅湍流分离流动进行了详细的分析。数值结果与得到的实验结果比较表明,此方法不仅精度高,而且具有较好的数值稳定性。     

杂波环境下的机动目标检测和跟踪算法

交互多模式(IMM)是一种有效的机动目标跟踪算法,但由于其要求具有很多的先验前提条件而不利于工程实现.研究了一种杂波环境下更适合于工程实现的机动目标(同样适用非机动目标)的跟踪算法,该算法通过一种由测量位置估计误差决定的机动检测函数来实现杂波背景中的机动目标检测,并通过改变Kalman滤波的相关参数,实现自适应跟踪.该算法克服了IMM算法的模式限制和复杂性,同时也避免了对非机动目标的跟踪中,在跟踪模式间相互切换时所换造成的影响.通过在空管系统(ATC)的大量模拟实验,验证了该算法的有效性和重大应用价值.