Passive attitude stabilization of ionic-wind-powered micro air vehicles

The ionic-wind-powered Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs) can achieve a higher thrust-to-weight ratio than other MAVs. However, this kind of MAV has not yet achieved controlled flight because of the unstable thrust produced by the ionic wind and the dynamic instability related to the small size. In this paper, a passive attitude stabilization method of the ionic-wind-powered MAV using air dampers is introduced. The key factors that influence the performance of the air dampers, including the layout, position, and area of the air dampers, are theoretically studied. The appropriate optimal position of the air dampers is also obtained by Monte Carlo stochastic simulations. Then the proposed passive attitude stabilization method is applied to the ionic-wind-powered MAVs of different wingspan (2 cm and 6.3 cm). Finally, the experimental results show that using the proposed method, attitude stabilization is achieved for the first time for the ionic-wind-powered MAV. Moreover, the altitude control of an ionic-wind-powered MAV with a wingspan of 6.3 cm is also demonstrated.     

短碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮注塑成型进气道的性能北大核心CSCD

以含20%的短碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮树脂为主要原料,采用注塑成型的方法制备了进气道及试片。通过对材料力学性能、微观形貌、进气道CT无损检测、内型面三坐标进行分析,结果表明:按照给定的工艺参数注塑成型,复合材料的抗拉强度达208 MPa、拉伸模量16.7 GPa、冲压式剪切强度100 MPa,碳纤维在树脂基体中分布均匀,进气道本体材料内部缺陷较少,进气道内外型面光滑、尺寸精度较高。     

启动过程压缩空气储能向心涡轮三维流动特性研究

为研究压缩空气储能系统的向心涡轮启动过程内部流动损失特性，本文采用全三维计算流体动力学（CFD）模型对其启动过程过程进行了数值模拟，与实验结果对比表明，虽然该模型在启动初始阶段与转速稳定阶段存在一定误差，但仍能够整体上反映启动过程的效率变化特征。在此基础上，进一步分析了启动过程中动叶通道内损失区及流场变化特征，结果发现，动叶进口攻角是影响内部流场主要因素：在启动初始阶段，叶轮进口攻角较大，动叶载荷集中在叶片前缘，形成明显的通道分离涡与前缘涡；在快速启动段，攻角减小，动叶载荷沿弦长分布更为均匀，通道分离涡及前缘涡逐渐减小并向叶片吸力面迁移。在整个启动阶段，动叶通道内高损失区也随着通道分离涡逐渐迁移且变小，并向相邻叶片吸力面集中。     

状态/输入约束下飞-推一体化的保性能安全控制

基于飞行-推力一体化思想提出了一种针对搭载超燃冲压发动机的吸气式高超声速飞行器速度通道的状态/输入约束自适应鲁棒保性能安全控制方案。首先根据超燃冲压发动机的机理分析与计算流体动力模型数据，建立了安全子系统与性能子系统面向控制的仿射非线性模型。之后基于障碍Lyapunov理论与动态面设计方法设计了一套安全子系统状态约束控制器，从理论上保证了飞行器在跟踪指令的全过程中，发动机相关状态不会触碰安全边界，并结合自适应技术与辅助系统提高了该控制系统的鲁棒性。针对性能子系统设计了一套鲁棒自抗扰控制器，达到“保证安全的前提下不折损性能”的目的。仿真结果表明所设计的控制系统可以在保障安全的同时达到预想的性能，并显著放宽了超燃冲压发动机对飞行器飞行姿态的约束，保证了高超声速飞行器的机动灵活性。     

Distortion minimization for multimedia transmission in NOMA HAP-UAV integrated aerial access networks

Aerial access networks have been envisioned as a promising 6G solution to enhance the ground communication systems in both coverage and capacity. To better utilize the spectrum and fully explore different channel characteristics, this paper constructs an integrated network comprising the High Altitude Platform (HAP) and Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) with the Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technology. In order to improve the transmission quality of images and videos, a power management scheme is proposed to minimize the distortion of the transmissions from the HAP and UAVs to the terminals. The power control is formulated as a non-convex problem constrained by the maximal transmit power and the minimal terminal rate requirements. The variable substitution and the first-order Tailor’s expansion is used to transform it into a sequence of convex problems, which are subsequently solved through the gradient projection method. Simulation demonstrates the signal distortion and error rate improvement achieved by the proposed algorithm.     

Design and analysis of a novel hybrid cooling method of high-speed high-power permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance starter/generator in aviation applications

To improve the heat dissipation performance, this paper proposes a novel hybrid cooling method for high-speed high-power Permanent Magnet assisted Synchronous Reluctance Starter/Generator (PMaSynR S/G) in aerospace applications. The hybrid cooling structure with oil circulation in the housing, oil spray at winding ends and rotor end surface is firstly proposed for the PMaSynR S/G. Then the accurate loss calculation of the PMaSynR S/G is proposed, which includes air gap friction loss under oil spray cooling, copper loss, stator and rotor core loss, permanent magnet eddy current loss and bearing loss. The parameter sensitivity analysis of the hybrid cooling structure is proposed, while the equivalent thermal network model of the PMaSynR S/G is established considering the uneven spraying at the winding ends. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid cooling method is demonstrated on a 40 kW/24000 r/min PMaSynR S/G experimental platform.     

Vulnerability analysis of the Chinese coupled aviation and high-speed railway network

The integrated aviation and High-Speed Railway (HSR) transportation system plays a vital role for today’s inter-city transportation services. However, an increasing number of unexpected disruptions (such as operation failures, natural disasters, or intentional attacks) pose a considerable threat to the normal operation of the system, especially on ground transfer, leading to the extensive research on its vulnerability. Previous approaches mainly focus on interruptions within a single transportation mode, neglecting the role of ground transfer which serves as a coupled connection between aviation and High-Speed Railway. This paper proposes a network-based framework for evaluating the vulnerability of the Chinese Coupled Aviation and High-Speed Railway (CAHSR) network from the viewpoint of ground transfer interruption. Taking the end-to-end travel time and passenger flow information into consideration as an evaluation measure and analyzing from the perspective of urban agglomerations, an adaptive method is developed to identify the critical cities and further investigate their failure impacts on the geographic distribution of vulnerability. In addition, the proposed model explores variations of vulnerability under different failure time intervals. Based on the empirical study, some major conclusions are highlighted as follows: (A) Only a few cities show significant impacts on the network’s vulnerability when ground transfer interruptions occurred. (B) The distribution of vulnerability is not proportional to the distance between failure city and influenced city. (C) The vulnerability is more serious in the morning and evening when the ground transfer is disconnected. Our findings may provide new insights for maintenance and optimization of the CAHSR network and other real-world transportation networks.     

物理启发的深度学习模型及其在热端部件散热中的应用

热端部件散热是众多空天设备的关键技术。表面温度分布是散热设计中用到的重要信息,常规的解析建模手段和机器学习方法均无法有效地表达此类高维信息。近年来兴起的图像深度学习算法是解决表面温度信息预测的有效手段。然而,现有的基于大数据的深度学习方法往往对于物理数据和小样本数据不适用,体现为泛化精度差、数据兼容性差、可解释性差。因此,有必要结合传热的先验知识发展物理启发的新型深度学习算法,以增强高自由度、高复杂度散热对象上的设计能力。本文基于卷积算子和有限差分求解方式的类比关系,提出了一种物理启发式的循环卷积神经网络。以横向出流的冲击冷却为例,开展了变计算域大小、变工况、变尺寸的批量数值模拟,获取了冲击冷却关键特征的小样本图像数据。进一步通过神经网络的训练,构建了多参数、大范围内有较好拟合能力的温度、传热系数、压力代理模型。研究结果表明,本文提出的物理启发神经网络模型,对于计算域大小没有限制,可以统一表达不同空间范围内获取的物理数据的共性规律。模型的各类超参设定均具有明确的物理意义,且与经典的微分方程求解理论有一定的类比关系,增强了神经网络调参的方向性。通过传热物理规律与黑箱模型的融合,本文实现了小样本多参数物理数据的共性建模。该方法可以迅速重构热端部件的高维分布信息,可服务于热端部件的快速分析设计以及优化。