钽钨合金表面铱涂层的制备及高温氧化性能

利用真空电弧离子沉积技术在钽钨合金表面沉积均匀致密的铱涂层,研究了钽钨合金/铱涂层的抗高温氧化性能和热震性能。结果表明:在800℃和1 100℃条件下,铱涂层可以有效保护钽钨合金,经过20 h后,铱涂层表面只发生轻微氧化,其表面形成褐色氧化铱产物;在1 900℃条件下,抗氧化寿命达10 h以上;在室温至(1 900±50)℃热震条件下,其寿命可达到1 000次以上。     

结合钎焊和氩弧焊方法对钛合金/Nb/不锈钢接头的连接

利用AgCu-1.8Ti和AgCu-4.4Ti两种钎料对Nb与0Cr17N i4Cu4Nb不锈钢进行润湿性研究,并钎焊Nb与0Cr17N i4Cu4Nb接头。AgCu-1.8Ti在Nb与0Cr17N i4Cu4Nb上的润湿角均小于AgCu-4.4Ti。分析接头组织发现,AgCu-4.4Ti钎料接头中在靠近不锈钢侧存在约50μm宽的富Ti层,而AgCu-1.8Ti钎料接头中未发现该富Ti层。利用氩弧焊将TC4与Nb预先焊好后再用两种钎料钎焊Nb和不锈钢,测定TC4/Nb/0Cr17N i4Cu4Nb接头的室温拉伸强度。数据显示,AgCu-1.8Ti钎料接头的室温拉伸强度平均值达到222.2MPa,而AgCu-4.4Ti钎料接头强度仅有133.8MPa,所有接头均断于Nb与0Cr17N i4Cu4Nb界面。     

铌钨合金材料在液体火箭发动机上的应用

为探索铌钨合金在液体火箭发动机上的应用，针对我国研制成功的Nb-5W-2Mo-1Zr铌钨合金进行了高温性能试验及抗高温氧化涂层的研制，铌钨合金及涂层在高温时的组织结构分析及相关工艺试验。结果表明：Nb-5W-2Mo-1Zr铌钨合金及抗氧化涂层可用于液体火箭发动机。     

等离子喷涂制备W丝增强NiAl单层复合材料的界面研究

采用等离子喷涂法制备了W丝增强NiAl单层复合材料并研究了该材料内部与界面相关的问题.研究表明:作为增强体的W丝与NiAl基体具有较好的稳定性,制备态的W/NiAl界面为非冶金结合,其界面处无元素的互扩散及界面反应发生;在模拟热压工艺的两种退火热处理(800 ℃/3 h,1 200 ℃/48 h)状态下,W丝/NiAl界面的结合强度增加,但界面处未出现可见的元素的互扩散层,只是W丝与结晶后NiAl熔滴颗粒之间的氧化物层明显增厚.另一方面,等离子喷涂工艺会给NiAl基体内部带来氧化物的内分界面,该界面的存在会导致NiAl基体的脆断.     

Aerodynamic optimization and mechanism design of flexible variable camber trailing-edge flap

Trailing-edge flap is traditionally used to improve the takeoff and landing aerodynamic performance of aircraft.In order to improve flight efficiency during takeoff,cruise and landing states,the flexible variable camber trailing-edge flap is introduced,capable of changing its shape smoothly from 50% flap chord to the rear of the flap.Using a numerical simulation method for the case of the GA(W)-2 airfoil,the multi-objective optimization of the overlap,gap,deflection angle,and bending angle of the flap under takeoff and landing configurations is studied.The optimization results show that under takeoff configuration,the variable camber trailing-edge flap can increase lift coefficient by about 8% and lift-to-drag ratio by about 7% compared with the traditional flap at a takeoff angle of 8°.Under landing configuration,the flap can improve the lift coefficient at a stall angle of attack about 1.3%.Under cruise state,the flap helps to improve the lift-todrag ratio over a wide range of lift coefficients,and the maximum increment is about 30%.Finally,a corrugated structure–eccentric beam combination bending mechanism is introduced in this paper to bend the flap by rotating the eccentric beam.     

A physical interpretation of the jet-like X-ray emission from supernova remnant W49B

In the framework of the study of supernova remnants and their complex interaction with the interstellar medium and the circumstellar material, we focus on the galactic supernova remnant W49B. Its morphology exhibits an X-ray bright elongated nebula, terminated on its eastern end by a sharp perpendicular structure aligned with the radio shell. The X-ray spectrum of W49B is characterized by strong K emission lines from Si, S, Ar, Ca, and Fe. There is a variation of the temperature in the remnant with the highest temperature found in the eastern side and the lowest one in the western side. The analysis of the recent observations of W49B indicates that the remnant may be the result of an asymmetric bipolar explosion where the ejecta are collimated along a jet-like structure and the eastern jet is hotter and more Fe-rich than the western one. Another possible scenario associates the X-ray emission with a spherical explosion where parts of the ejecta are interacting with a dense belt of ambient material. To overcome this ambiguity we present new results of the analysis of an XMM-Newton observation and we perform estimates of the mass and energy of the remnant. We conclude that the scenario of an anisotropic jet-like explosion explains quite naturally our observation results, but the association of W49B with a hypernova and a γ-ray burst, although still possible, is not directly supported by any evidence.     

基于5W1H的教育信息查询技术研究

针对教育信息基于互联网络的快速增长以及检索日趋复杂等问题,构建了基于领域本体的四层查询体系结构,采用5W1H分析法归纳了领域本体中的概念和关系,建立了基于5W1H的领域本体概念模型,重点研究了基于Jena的领域本体持久化技术和领域本体规则推理技术,设计了基于SPARQL查询规则和基于Jena推理规则的领域信息查询算法。以教师信息为例,采用Jena开发平台和MySQL数据库,实现了教师信息领域本体查询系统的精确查询、模糊查询和语义查询等功能。     

W含量及组织状态对镍基高温合金晶格常数及错配度的影响

通过对镍基合金的组织形貌观察和X射线衍射分析,研究元素W及组织状态对镍基合金晶格常数及错配度的影响。结果表明,7.5%W镍基合金经完全热处理后,立方γ′相以共格方式嵌镶并均匀分布在γ基体相中。随元素W含量增加,合金中γ′和γ两相的合成衍射峰值略有左移,使γ′和γ两相的晶格常数增加,其中γ′相晶格常数增加幅度较大的原因是元素W较大比例地分布在γ′相中,并由此使合金中两相的晶格错配度由负值转变为正值。经完全热处理后,合金中γ和γ′两相有较小的晶格错配度,在高温拉伸蠕变期间外加应力的作用下,γ基体相的晶格常数值增加幅度较大,致使合金中γ′和γ两相晶格错配度的绝对值增加。     

粉末合金的高温疲劳断裂性能

实验研究了Rene'95和II741粉末合金的高温低周疲劳、裂纹扩展速率和断裂韧性，并与变形镍基合金GH4169进行了分析对比。结果表明，Rene'95合金的低周疲劳性能略高于GH4169，但从强度与塑性配合的角度来看，没有变形合金理想；其疲劳裂纹扩展速率da／dN和断裂韧性KIC基本相当。     

我国低Cr高W系列铸造镍基高温合金的发展与应用

介绍了20世纪60年代以来我国五家研究机构共同研制低Cr高W铸造镍基高温合金的研究背景和发展历程.通过对300余炉合金成分和铸造工艺的调整,深化了对C,B,Zr,Co和Nb等元素在合金中作用的认识,对合金中α-W、初生M6C、初生μ相和Ni5Zr等反常相的形成条件、有害作用以及避免措施作了深入研究,最终开发出了K19,K19H,K20,K21和601低Cr高W系列合金,在1000～1100℃温度范围内合金的高温承温能力比同年代合金高10～30℃.但是该系列合金最终没有在航空发动机上得到应用,由此引发的思考也在文中加以论述.