高超声速飞行器前缘缝隙流动数值模拟研究

通过分析高超声速飞行器前缘防热瓦结构,建立了一种开缝前缘的简化模型。针对这一模型的流场通过求解三维可压缩Navier Stokes方程进行了数值模拟。研究了缝隙诱导形成的三维旋涡的空间分布特征和旋涡运动对物面气动加热的影响规律。模型圆弧段缝隙肩部倒圆区因存在较强的三维效应形成“常规”高热流区,而缝隙内主旋涡再附致使侧壁上存在一个“非常规”高热流区;模型平直段展向流动诱导缝隙上方出现较强的旋涡运动,同时流动在缝隙倒圆区形成分离涡并于缝隙侧壁面再附,受这些旋涡运动的影响,缝隙肩部倒圆区转变为局部热流低值区,缝隙侧壁上存在局部热流高值区。     

防热大底外形对火星探测器气动特性的影响分析

采用基于等效比热比的数值模拟方法,研究球锥和球头两种类型的火星进入探测器防热大底形状。对于每种外形分析关键几何参数对探测器基本气动性能的影响,并比较两类防热大底形状气动特性的差异。与球头形状的防热大底布局相比,球锥形状的防热大底布局一般阻力更大,对流加热量也更大,气动稳定性裕度更小。研究结果表明,从气动性能的角度来讲,70°半锥角的球锥防热大底布局对于火星进入探测器的设计而言并非最优的选择,适当设计的球头防热大底布局能够具有更好的性能。     

A study of morphing aircraft on morphing rules along trajectory

Morphing aircraft can meet requirements of multi-mission during the whole flight due to changing the aerodynamic shape, so it is necessary to study its morphing rules along the trajectory. However, trajectory planning considering morphing variables requires a huge number of expensive CFD computations due to the morphing in view of aerodynamic performance. Under the given missions and trajectory, to alleviate computational cost and improve trajectory-planning efficiency for morphing aircraft, an offline optimization method is proposed based on Multi-Fidelity Kriging (MFK) modeling. The angle of attack, Mach number, sweep angle and axial position of the morphing wing are defined as variables for generating training data for building the MFK models, in which many inviscid aerodynamic solutions are used as low-fidelity data, while the less high-fidelity data are obtained by solving viscous flow. Then the built MFK models of the lift, drag and pressure centre at the different angles of attack and Mach numbers are used to predict the aerodynamic performance of the morphing aircraft, which keeps the optimal sweep angle and axial position of the wing during trajectory planning. Hence, the morphing rules can be correspondingly acquired along the trajectory, as well as keep the aircraft with the best aerodynamic performance during the whole task. The trajectory planning of a morphing aircraft was performed with the optimal aerodynamic performance based on the MFK models, built by only using 240 low-fidelity data and 110 high-fidelity data. The results indicate that a complex trajectory can take advantage of morphing rules in keeping good aerodynamic performance, and the proposed method is more efficient than trajectory optimization by reducing 86% of the computing time.     

多级压缩锥导乘波体设计与分析

提出了多级压缩锥导乘波体的设计方法,该方法应用吻切锥理论和零攻角圆锥绕流基准流场通过流线追踪生成具有多个压缩面的乘波体。对以吸气式冲压发动机为动力的高超声速飞行器,应用多级压缩乘波前体可充分发挥前体的预压缩作用,为进气道的正常工作提供所需的均匀流场。以二级压缩乘波体为例阐述了该设计方法,设计方法通过对二级压缩基准流场进行重构,使其符合Taylor-Maccoll流动模型以获得新的二级压缩基准流场。同时编写设计程序生成了一级、二级和三级压缩乘波体,通过数值模拟结果校验设计方法的正确性,并对其压缩性、升阻比、总压恢复系数等性能进行了对比分析。     

Numerical investigation of full scale coaxial main rotor aerodynamics in hover and vertical descent

The original free vortex wake model was used for numerical investigation. Calculation of the aerodynamic characteristics in hover and vertical descent modes in the range of vertical descent speed of 0–30 m/s including the Vortex Ring State (VRS) area was performed. The calculations were carried out under the condition of variable blade pitch angle values providing a fixed time-average thrust value. Visualization data of free vortex wake shapes, flow structures, and velocity fields were obtained and analyzed. The time-dependences of the rotor’s thrust and torque coefficients were obtained and analyzed. The obtained data allows determining the boundaries of the VRS area by various criteria such as rotor thrust and torque pulsations, growth of rotor power consumption relative to the hover, growth of rotor induced velocities relative to the hover, and growth of the required rotor blade pitch angles values. The results of the study are compared with experimental and calculated data of other authors and can significantly supplement the available results of experimental and computational studies in this area.     

Al_2O_3纤维在空间充气式气动阻尼结构中的应用

文章分析了空间充气式气动阻尼结构(IADS)柔性热防护系统(TPS)的性能、特点和结构,及Al2O3纤维的性能,通过介绍美国充气式气球伞、充气式回收飞行器、充气阻尼式再入飞行器的TPS,对Al2O3纤维在IADS中的应用前景进行了展望。     

喷流姿控战术导弹三维气动力数学模型

采用当量喷流控制力概念，推导了战术导弹三维气动力和铰链力矩数学模型。分析了喷流姿控（俯仰、偏航和滚转），以及副翼舵、方向舵和升降舵偏对导弹气动力的作用，并给出了气动力各分量的泰勒和傅里叶级数形式的表达式。模型还考虑了大攻角情况下对称外形零侧滑流动时的非对称涡型现象。     

圆柱体绕横轴气动力和气动热的试验研究

对圆柱体绕垂直中心轴线的横轴旋转时的气动阻力矩和气动热做了试验研究，描述了能将阻力降低８０％左右的加罩法。     

大尺度薄壁结构力-热-电一体化分析

基于有限元-多层快速多级子方法(FEM-MLFMM)提出天线罩力热电一体化分析方法,以平板为研究对象,验证一体化分析方法的准确性;以大尺度升力天线罩为研究对象,开展气动力和气动热载荷下结构的力-热-电一体化分析,评估力/热环境下结构的强度性能,并探究力/热载荷对结构电磁透波性能的影响规律.研究结果表明:提出的一体化分析...     

Aerodynamic optimization of a high-lift system with adaptive dropped hinge flap

The Adaptive Dropped Hinge Flap(ADHF) is a novel trailing edge high-lift device characterized by the integration of downward deflection spoiler and simple hinge flap, with excellent aerodynamic and mechanism performance. In this paper, aerodynamic optimization design of an ADHF high-lift system is conducted considering the mechanism performance. Shape and settings of both takeoff and landing configurations are optimized and analyzed, with considering the kinematic constraints of ADHF mechanism, ...