Electric potential structures of auroral acceleration region border from multi-spacecraft Cluster data

This paper studies an auroral event using data from three spacecraft of the Cluster mission, one inside and two at the poleward edge of the bottom of the Auroral Acceleration Region (AAR). The study reveals the three-dimensional profile of the region’s poleward boundary, showing spatial segmentation of the electric potential structures and their decay in time. It also depicts localized magnetic field variations and field-aligned currents that appear to have remained stable for at least 80?s. Such observations became possible due to the fortuitous motion of the three spacecraft nearly parallel to each other and tangential to the AAR edge, so that the differences and variations can be seen when the spacecraft enter and exit the segmentations, hence revealing their position with respect to the AAR.     

Spectroscopy peculiarities of thermal plasma of electric arc discharge between electrodes with Zn admixtures

Plasma of the free burning electric arc between Ag–SnO₂–ZnO composite electrodes as well as brass electrodes were investigated. The plasma temperature distributions were obtained by Boltzmann plot method involving Cu I, Ag I or Zn I spectral line emissions. The electron density distributions were obtained from the width and from absolute intensity of spectral lines. The laser absorption spectroscopy was used for measurement of copper atom concentration in plasma. Plasma equilibrium composition was calculated using two independent groups of experimental values (temperature and copper atom concentration, temperature and electron density). It was found that plasma of the free burning electric arc between brass electrodes is in local thermodynamical equilibrium. The experimental verification of the spectroscopic data of Zn I spectral lines was carried out.     

A surface parametric control and global optimization method for axial flow compressor blades

An aerodynamic optimization method for axial flow compressor blades available for engineering is developed in this paper. Bezier surface is adopted as parameterization method to control the suction surface of the blades, which brings the following advantages:(A) significantly reducing design variables;(B) easy to ensure the mechanical strength of rotating blades;(C) better physical understanding;(D) easy to achieve smooth surface. The Improved Artificial Bee Colony(IABC) algorithm, which significantly increases the convergence speed and global optimization ability, is adopted to find the optimal result. A new engineering optimization tool is constructed by combining the surface parametric control method, the IABC algorithm, with a verified Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) simulation method, and it has been successfully applied in the aerodynamic optimization for a single-row transonic rotor(Rotor 37) and a single-stage transonic axialflow compressor(Stage 35). With the constraint that the relative change in the flow rate is less than0.5% and the total pressure ratio does not decrease, within the acceptable time in engineering, the adiabatic efficiency of Rotor 37 at design point increases by 1.02%, while its surge margin 0.84%,and the adiabatic efficiency of Stage 35 0.54%, while its surge margin 1.11% after optimization, to verify the effectiveness and potential in engineering of this new tool for optimization of axial compressor blade.     

Aerodynamics of smart flap under ground effect

Aerodynamic characteristics of two-dimensional smart flap under the ground effect have been assessed by a numerical simulation. In this process, a pressure-based implicit procedure to solve Navier–Stokes equations on a nonorthogonal mesh with collocated finite volume formulation is used. The boundedness criteria for this procedure are determined from the Normalized Variable Diagram (NVD) scheme. The procedure incorporates the k–ε eddy–viscosity turbulence model. Cantilever beam with uniformly varying load with roller support at the free end is considered for the configuration of the smart flap. The method is first validated against experimental data. Then, the algorithm is applied for turbulent aerodynamic flows around airfoil with smart and conventional flaps for different attack angle, flap angle and ground clearance where the results of two flaps are compared. The comparisons show that the quality of the solution is considerable.     

基于PCI-6232和LabVIEW的发动机防喘振性能试验数据采集系统设计

介绍了一种基于图形化虚拟仪器编程软件LabVIEW 的防喘性能试验数据采集系统设计方案,并且详细论述了性能测试的实现方法。本系统以美国NI公司的数据采集卡PCI-6232为硬件平台,采用连续采集方式进行数据采集,并将数据存储到文本文件中。试验结果表明,该系统能够有效地完成对信号数据的采集和及时图形显示,并能够准确的产生脉冲输出信号。     

DE历表的结构、计算与比较

在详细介绍美国JPL(Jet Propulsion Laboratory,喷气推进实验室)发布的DE (Development Ephemerides,行星/月球展开历表)系列历表的基本情况、头文件和数据文件的结构、历表计算原理等内容的基础上,以DE405、DE421、DE431为例,分别计算了1900-2200年间月球、太阳、行星等天体在地心天球参考系中的坐标及速度,并由此得到3个历表间的差异,结果表明DE431与DE421之间的差异,整体而言要小于二者同DE405之间的差异.最后以引潮力的计算为例,表明历袁更新对于引潮力的影响基本可忽略不计,验证了IERS(International Earth Rotation and reference systems Service,国际地球自转与参考系服务)规范中关于历表更新对相关地球科学影响十分有限的结论.     

面向高级在轨系统的动态服务质量保证方法研究

AOS(Advanced Orbiting System,高级在轨系统)已经逐渐被各国空间组织采用,随着空间任务的发展趋势更多样化和复杂化,对AOS的QoS(Quality of Service,服务质量)也提出了更高要求.针对AOS服务质量的提升需求,提出了一种虚拟信道优先级策略,使用大容量缓存结合数据压缩动态策略和遥测数据抽帧策略相结合的QoS保证方法,通过分析返向链路带宽与航天器遥测用户带宽的裕量,可以动态调整QoS保证,以适应不同应用环境下的航天器AOS的QoS保证需求.通过模拟不同的工况进行仿真试验,结果表明,该AOS服务质量保证方法适用于返向链路带宽裕量充足和不足的工况,比传统的全同步策略和同步异步结合策略拥有更广泛的适应范围.     

存在外部干扰的网络控制系统故障检测和优化

针对存在时延和丢包的网络控制系统,研究了系统的故障检测滤波器设计和优化设计问题.通过泰勒展开将未知时延处理成外界干扰,采用伯努利随机过程来描述丢包现象.设计观测器产生残差信号,将故障检测问题转化为H∞滤波问题.通过Lyapunov函数方法分析了系统的稳定性.以线性矩阵不等式的形式给出了滤波器存在的充分条件和求解方法.为进一步提高系统对故障信号的灵敏度,采用了一种优化设计方法对故障检测系统进行了优化.最后通过仿真验证了算法的有效性.     

基于损伤检测的飞机结构腐蚀损伤预测方法对比研究

针对飞机结构材料易腐蚀特点,采用 BP 神经网络算法、数据拟合方法、指数平滑预测三种方法,对飞机铝合金结构腐蚀损伤进行预测对比分析。预测结果及其误差以及对比分析图表明,BP 神经网络算法所构建的网络预测模型对一定腐蚀周期内的腐蚀损伤有较好预测能力,指数平滑预测方法和幂函数数据拟合方法对一定腐蚀周期之外的腐蚀损伤预测有较好的外延性。