Effect of surface blowing on aerodynamic characteristics of tubercled straight wing

Recent research proves that wings with leading-edge tubercles have the ability to perform efficiently in post-stall region over the conventional straight wing. Moreover, the conventional straight wing outperforms the tubercled wing at a pre-stall region which is quintessential. Even though tubercled wing offers great performance enhancement, because of the complexity of the flow, the trough region of the tubercled wing is more prone to flow separation. Henceforth, the present paper aims at surface blowing – an active flow control technique over the tubercled wing to enhance the aerodynamic efficiency by positively influencing its lift characteristics without causing any additional drag penalty. Flow parameters like blowing velocity ratios and the location of blowing were chosen to find the optimised configuration keeping the amplitude and frequency of the leading-edge tubercles constant as 0.12 c and 0.25 c respectively. Numerical investigations were carried out over the baseline tubercled wing and tubercled wing with surface blowing at various blowing jet velocity ratios 0.5, 1 and 2 over four different chordwise locations ranging from 0.3 c to 0.8 c.The results confirm that blowing at various x/c with different blowing velocity ratios performs better than the conventional tubercled wing. Comparatively, blowing velocity ratio 2 at 0.3 c shows peak performance of about 28% enhancement in the lift characteristics relative to the baseline model. Particularly, in the pre-stall region, 25–50% increase in aerodynamic efficiency is evident over the tubercled wing with surface blowing compared with the baseline case. Additionally,attempts were made to delineate the physical significance of the flow separation mechanism due to blowing by visualizing the streamline pattern.     

Aerodynamic multi-objective integrated optimization based on principal component analysis

Based on improved multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm with principal component analysis (PCA) methodology,an efficient high-dimension multiobjective optimization method is proposed,which,as the purpose of this paper,aims to improve the convergence of Pareto front in multi-objective optimization design.The mathematical efficiency,the physical reasonableness and the reliability in dealing with redundant objectives of PCA are verified by typical DTLZ5 test function and multi-objective correlation analysis of supercritical airfoil,and the proposed method is integrated into aircraft multi-disciplinary design (AMDEsign) platform,which contains aerodynamics,stealth and structure weight analysis and optimization module.Then the proposed method is used for the multi-point integrated aerodynamic optimization of a wide-body passenger aircraft,in which the redundant objectives identified by PCA are transformed to optimization constraints,and several design methods are compared.The design results illustrate that the strategy used in this paper is sufficient and multi-point design requirements of the passenger aircraft are reached.The visualization level of non-dominant Pareto set is improved by effectively reducing the dimension without losing the primary feature of the problem.     

基于气/固耦合非定常流动的叶栅颤振分析

采用二维N-S方程／结构振动方程组耦合数值方法，分析计算了二维非定常气动力强迫振动条件下振动能量及气动力对叶栅所做的功，分别根据振动能量和气动力做功分析了叶栅的颤振特性。NACA0012和PROF叶栅在不同折合频率下气动参数随时间的变化表明，折合频率是影响叶栅颤振的重要因素。气固耦合方法得到的NA-CA0012叶栅颤振折合频率比非耦合的结果高，而对PROF叶栅则相反。这表明叶栅结构动力参数对其发生颤振时的折合频率影响很大且很复杂，要准确预测颤振应该考虑叶栅结构动力与气动力的耦合因素。     

样条函数在估算飞机气动参数中的应用

根据气动参数估算的需要，分析了样条函数的基本概念，方程及三次插值样条函数在参数估算中的应用，以某歼击机全机平衡升力线斜率对马赫数的偏导数为例，用三次插值样条函数对其进行了估算。     

参数估计的样条函数法应用

简要了介绍了样条函数法的基本原理，飞机的数学模型和空气动力系数的样条函数表达式。用一算例说明了估计过程，获得了纵向气动导数随迎角变化的估计结果。同时还研究了迎角节点间隔和样条函数的次数对估计结果的影响，估计结果表明，样条函数法是非线性参数估计的重要方法之一，适当减小节点和间隔和适当增加样条函数次数可以提高参数估计的精度。     

跨声速轴流压气机级全工况三维流场数值分析

以LV－SGS－GE隐式格式和MUSCL TVD迎风格式为基础，结合壁面函数方法和简单的混合长度湍流模型，对三维可压缩雷诺平均N－S方程进行求解。叶列间参数的传递采用混合平面方法并应用了微机网络并行计算技术。计算得到了NASA 35号低展弦比、跨声速轴流压气机组70％和90％设计转速下的全工况性能曲线，并重点分析了其中一些典型工况下的内部流场。计算与实验结果的对比表明，此方法能快速得到三维粘性流场的流动特性且计算精度较高，可用来模拟跨声速轴流压气机组内的全工况三维粘性流动。     

非轴对称端壁造型对叶片端壁气热性能影响的研究

为了研究非轴对称端壁造型对典型燃气透平叶片端壁气动热力性能的影响,基于双控制型线非轴对称端壁造型方法,建立了间隙射流和主流掺混作用下非轴对称端壁气动热力性能的数值研究模型。在数值验证的基础上,研究了4种不同非轴对称端壁造型几何结构对叶栅端壁流动特性和气膜冷却性能的影响规律。结果表明,针对本文研究的大转折角透平叶片,在叶栅通道前部进行非轴对称端壁造型,会增强端壁的横向二次流,导致叶栅总压损失系数略有增大,会降低端壁的气膜有效度。而在叶栅通道后部进行非轴对称端壁造型,可以有效削弱端壁的横向二次流,减弱通道涡,从而降低叶栅的总压损失系数,同时,能够提升端壁横向平均气膜有效度高达22%,有利于提高端壁的气动热力性能。     

Developing an engineering-statistical model for estimating aerodynamic coeffcients of helicopter fuselage

The design of the geometric shape of a helicopter fuselage poses a serious challenge for designers. The most important parameter in determining the shape of the helicopter fuselage is its aerodynamic coefficients. These coefficients are determined using two methods:wind tunnel test and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The first method is expensive, time-consuming and limited. In addition, estimates in regions away from data can be poor. The second method, due to the limitations of numerical solution, the number of nodes and the used solution, is often inaccurate. In this paper, with the aim of accelerating the design process and achieving results with reasonable engineering accuracy, an engineering-statistical model which is useful for estimating the aerodynamic coefficients was developed, which mitigated the drawbacks of these two methods. First, by combining CFD simulation and regression techniques, an engineering model was pre-sented for the estimation of aerodynamic coefficients. Then, by using the data from a wind tunnel test and implementation of statistical adjustment, the engineering model was modified and an engineering-statistical model was obtained. By spending less time and cost, the final model provided the aerodynamic coefficients of a helicopter fuselage at the desired angles of attack with reasonable accuracy. Finally, three numerical examples were provided to illustrate the application of the pro-posed model. Comparative results demonstrate the effectiveness of the engineering-statistical model in estimating the aerodynamic coefficients of a helicopter fuselage.     

落弹舱的微重力环境

本文首先建立了分析落弹舱运动的各种坐标系,给出了解算姿态运动参数的数学模型.然后根据落弹舱微重力加速度的物理背景,对其微重力环境进行了数学描述和物理解释,推导了舱内任意部位微重力加速度表达式,阐明影响微重力环境的主要因素是气动阻力和姿态角运动.最后分析和近似估算了落弹舱的微重力水平,给出了气动阻力对落弹舱微重力水平影响的数值计算结果:平流层气球在30km以上释放落弹舱,优于5×10-2g的微重力持续时间超过30秒.      

人工智能气动特性预测技术在火箭子级落区控制项目的应用

发展了一种基于人工智能算法的气动特性预测技术,在开展部分工况风洞试验基础上,结合少量数值仿真结果,通过机器学习模型预测全部工况气动特性.该方法能够降低研制成本,缩短周期.先后解决了相关函数选择、模型超参数训练、数据检验和"人在回路"应用等关键算法与技术问题,应用于运载火箭子级栅格舵落区控制项目气动研制,获得了设计所需完...