弯掠动叶叶尖径向间隙对气动──声学性能的影响

采用了两种修正叶尖径向间隙的方法:一种是利用实验结果减小径向动叶叶尖径向间隙,使之与弯掠动叶相同,弯掠动叶气动效率提高3%-4%,气动噪声降低2-3dB（A）,稳定工作范围扩大20%以上;另一种是利用修正公式（增大弯掠动叶径向间隙）计算弯掠动叶气动-声学性能。      

叶片前缘改型对涡轮叶栅二次流的影响

以某典型高压涡轮叶栅为研究对象,采用数值模拟的方法对比分析了两种端壁前缘改型结构对涡轮叶栅二次流产生的影响。结果表明,带状结构(Fillet)以及适当尺寸的球形结构(Bulb)可以改善涡轮叶栅内部二次流,并且降低涡轮出口气动损失。其中尺寸的选择对于球形结构(Bulb)影响很大。两种不同的改型结构相比较,带状结构(Fillet)改型方案对二次流的改善效果较为明显,结果更为理想。     

基于Gauss伪谱法的临近空间飞行器上升段轨迹优化

综合考虑密度变化、声速变化、发动机推力变化及地球引力等因素对飞行轨迹的影响,研究了与实际飞行环境更加相符的临近空间飞行器燃料最优爬升轨迹。针对该问题在气动数据处理和优化求解上存在的困难,提出一种基于Gauss伪谱法(Gauss Pseudospectral Method,GPM)的求解策略。首先,依据气动数据特点,设计拟合模型对气动参数进行高精度拟合;其次,为避免间接法和传统直接法的缺点,将Gauss伪谱法和序贯二次规划(Sequential Quadratic Programming,SQP)相结合,对存在边值及加速度约束的轨迹优化问题进行求解,获得最优飞行轨迹。仿真结果表明,在更为真实的飞行环境下,利用GPM和SQP相结合的方法可在5.83s获得一条精度为10-4～10-6左右的飞行轨迹。     

便携式多用途导弹方案设想

提出了一种便携式多用途导弹方案的设想。根据确定的设计理念,给出了刚性（捷联）制导系统中的目标探测装置、控制系统,引战系统中的引信、战斗部,以及电源系统和动力系统。讨论了制导舱、引战舱、动力舱等各舱段以及部位安排。介绍了导弹气动外形、战技指标、作战过程和关键技术。     

宽带噪声干扰源对直接序列扩频通信的干扰效果分析

依据最佳接收和匹配滤波的基本理论 ,证明了如下的结论 :尽管直接序列扩频 ( DS-SS)体制对宽带白噪声没有抗干扰的扩频增益——处理增益 ,而在干扰功率一定的条件下 ,宽带噪声干扰并不具有比窄带噪声干扰更有效的干扰效果。从而 ,澄清了在这一问题上的种种不正确的观念     

等离子体天线的原理及特性

根据等离子体柱天线的系统构成,分析了等离子体柱天线的基本工作原理,讨论了表面波在等离子体柱天线中的传播特性、等离子体柱内的电子分布,以及天线的长度、噪声与辐射特性。分析表明：表面波能激发和维持等离子体柱,等离子体柱可构成等离子体天线,且具易隐身、可控性等优点。     

乘波构型的钝化方法及其对性能影响研究

前缘钝化是解决乘波构型飞行器气动热问题的有效方法之一.按照乘波构型的设计特点,对已有的两种钝化方法分别进行了改进.采用CFD方法分析了前缘钝化及不同钝化半径对乘波构型性能的影响,得出了乘波构型气动力和气动热性能参数随钝化半径的变化规律.计算结果表明:在相同的钝化半径下,按改进的Tincher方法钝化后的乘波构型与按改进的Takashima方法钝化后的乘波构型相比:升阻比大、总的表面积小、最大热流密度基本一样,非驻点区乘波构型前缘的热流密度峰值较大.因而按改进的Tincher方法钝化后的乘波构型气动性能明显好于按改进的Takashima方法钝化后的乘波构型,而气动热性能则略差于后者.分析表明:钝化后的乘波构型性能不仅与钝化半径有关,而且受钝化方法的影响也很大.在对高超声速乘波飞行器进行布局设计时,应针对乘波构型的设计特点,采用合适的钝化方法,综合考虑钝化方法和钝化半径对气动力和气动热性能的影响效应,寻找最佳的钝化方案.研究结论可为高超声速乘波飞行器的外形设计提供一定的依据.     

对“小不对称物体配平性能风洞实验研究”一文的异议

原文所述的实验方法和所列的结果都是正确的,但文中所写的数学方程和公式是不当的,本文对此提出了异议,供商榷。     

Analysis of the orbit lifetime of CubeSats in low Earth orbits including periodic variation in drag due to attitude motion

It is estimated that more than 22,300 human-made objects are in orbit around the Earth, with a total mass above 8,400,000 kg. Around 89% of these objects are non-operational and without control, which makes them to be considered orbital debris. These numbers consider only objects with dimensions larger than 10 cm. Besides those numbers, there are also about 2000 operational satellites in orbit nowadays. The space debris represents a hazard to operational satellites and to the space operations. A major concern is that this number is growing, due to new launches and particles generated by collisions. Another important point is that the development of CubeSats has increased exponentially in the last years, increasing the number of objects in space, mainly in the Low Earth Orbits (LEO). Due to the short operational time, CubeSats boost the debris population. One of the requirements for space debris mitigation in LEO is the limitation of the orbital lifetime of the satellites, which needs to be lower than 25 years. However, there are space debris with longer estimated decay time. In LEÓs, the influence of the atmospheric drag is the main orbital perturbation, and is used in maneuvers to increment the losses in the satellite orbital energy, to locate satellites in constellations and to accelerate the decay.The goal of the present research is to study the influence of aerodynamic rotational maneuver in the CubeSat?s orbital lifetime. The rotational axis is orthogonal to the orbital plane of the CubeSat, which generates variations in the ballistic coefficient along the trajectory. The maneuver is proposed to accelerate the decay and to mitigate orbital debris generated by non-operational CubeSats. The panel method is selected to determine the drag coefficient as a function of the flow incident angle and the spinning rate. The pressure distribution is integrated from the satellite faces at hypersonic rarefied flow to calculate the drag coefficient. The mathematical model considers the gravitational potential of the Earth and the deceleration due to drag. To analyze the effects of the rotation during the decay, multiple trajectories were propagated, comparing the results obtained assuming a constant drag coefficient with trajectories where the drag coefficient changes periodically. The initial perigees selected were lower than 400 km of altitude with eccentricities ranging from 0.00 to 0.02. Six values for the angular velocity were applied in the maneuver. The technique of rotating the spacecraft is an interesting solution to increase the orbit decay of a CubeSat without implementing additional de-orbit devices. Significant changes in the decay time are presented due to the increase of the mean drag coefficient calculated by the panel method, when the maneuver is applied, reducing the orbital lifetime, however the results are independent of the angular velocity of the satellite.     

Aerodynamic database development of the ESA intermediate experimental vehicle

This work deals with the aerodynamic database development of the Intermediate Experiment Vehicle.