A novel compilation method of comprehensive mission spectrum of aero-engine maneuvering load based on use-related mission segment

Comprehensive Mission Spectrum (CMS) of an aero-engine can reflect the usage characteristics of the engine. It can provide load input for engine life prediction and accelerated mission test. In this paper, a novel compilation method of CMS of aero-engine maneuvering load based on mission segment is proposed. Firstly, the use-related Typical Mission Segment (TMS) of maneuvering load is divided and identified according to spectral characteristics. Secondly, the mathematical model of different kinds of TMS are established based on stochastic process theory. Finally, the CMS of maneuvering load is compiled based on TMS. The proposed method can accurately quantify the compilation of CMS. The compiled CMS shows good agreement with the original load spectrum. According to damage consistency inspection, the compiled CMS is consistent with the damage caused by the original load spectrum in terms of low cycle fatigue.     

New model-based method for aero-engine turbine blade tip clearance measurement

Active control of aero-engine turbine tip clearance is one of the best chances for engine performance uplift currently. To do that, the first requirement is real-time measurement of tip clearance in aero-engine working environment. However, turbine complexity makes it unlikely for tip clearance sensors to be loaded. In recognition of that, this paper proposed a model-based method for tip clearance measurement. Firstly, by considering previously wrongly neglected factors such as load deformation, a mathematical model to monitor dynamic tip clearance changes is built to improve calculation accuracy. Then, after clarifying the coupling relationship between engine models and tip clearance models, this paper builds a component-level mathematical model integrating dynamic characteristics of turbine tip clearance, which helps realize accurate measurement of tip clearance in working environment. How tip clearance affects turbine efficiency is studied afterwards and reported to aero-engine model, so as to mitigate performance difference between aero-engine model and real engines caused by turbine tip clearance. Lastly, by hardware-in-the-loop simulation, tip clearance model demonstrates 15.9% better accuracy than previously built models in terms of turbine centrifugal deformation calculation. As tip clearance measurement model takes averagely 0.34 ms in calculation, meeting the operation requirement, it proves to be an effective new way.     

基于灰色关联分析的航空发动机气路部件故障诊断

为了改善对航空发动机气路部件故障诊断能力,提出了一种基于灰色关联分析的两层诊断方法。该方法首先利用粒子群算法优化各蜕化程度下灰色关联加权指数,构建标准故障序列,利用灰色关联分析进行第一层定性诊断,再优选故障模式利用灰色斜率关联分析方法进行二次诊断,得到了气路部件故障诊断结果。仿真表明,改进二次灰色关联分析诊断方法比单层诊断方法结构更简单,计算量小,更适合于较多传感器的发动机诊断系统,比经验灰色关联分析方法诊断精度更高。     

Nonlinear dynamic behavior of a flexible asymmetric aero-engine rotor system in maneuvering flight

Aero-engine rotor systems installed in aircraft are considered to have a base motion. In this paper, a flexible asymmetric rotor system is modeled considering the nonlinear supports of ball bearings and Squeeze Film Dampers (SFDs), and the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system under maneuvering flight are systematically studied. Effects of the translational accelerative motions, the angular motions and the pitching flight with combined translational and angular motions on nonlinear dynamic behavior of the rotor system are investigated. The results show that, due to the nonlinear coupled effects among the rotor, ball bearings and SFDs, within the first bending resonance region, responses of the rotor show obvious nonlinear characteristics such as bistable phenomenon, amplitude jumping phenomenon and non-synchronous vibration. Translational acceleration motion of the aircraft leads to axis offset of the rotor system and thus results in the reduction and the final disappearance of the bistable rotating speed region. The pitching angular motion mainly affects rotational vibration of the rotor system, and thus further induces their transverse vibrations. For the pitching flight with combined translational and angular motions, a critical flight parameter is found to correspond to the conversion of two steady responses of the rotor system, in which one response displays small amplitude and synchronous vibration, and the other shows large amplitude and non-synchronous vibration.     

基于多分类器融合的航空发动机气路故障诊断

为解决航空发动机这一复杂系统的故障诊断问题,提高智能化诊断方法的准确率,使用了D-S证据理论对RBF神经网络、BP神经网络和支持向量机三个诊断子系统的诊断结果进行决策级融合,结果表明D-S证据理论的使用可以达到比单独运用三个子系统具有更好的诊断效能,经过融合降低了误诊率,改善了诊断性能。     

基于改进粒子群算法的航空发动机状态变量建模

为了克服现有航空发动机状态变量建模过程中的不足,采用了一种改进粒子群算法建立航空发动机状态变量模型。首先改进了粒子群算法,提出一种每个粒子根据自身适应值动态调整其惯性系数方法来平衡搜索性能;对群体最优位置进行实时的代内更新以提高搜索速度;为避免陷入局部最优,在最优个体附近进行随机搜索。其次利用该算法建立航空发动机状态变量模型,根据航空发动机在稳态点处的线性化模型应与在该同一稳态工作点处的非线性模型响应一致的原则构造适应值函数,仿真结果表明所建立的状态变量模型不论是稳态过程还是动态过程都与非线性模型响应基本一致,建模精度较高,建立过程简便。     

基于深度长短期记忆网络的发动机叶片剩余寿命预测

为了研究航空发动机转子叶片的剩余寿命预测问题,提出了一种基于多传感器信号融合的深度长短期记忆网络(DLSTM)预测模型。首先利用深度学习和长短期记忆的组合来构造DLSTM网络。然后,将多个传感器信号数据进行融合处理,从而通过深度学习发现各个传感器时序信号之间隐藏的长期依赖关系。进一步在给定网格搜索策略的情况下,通过自适应矩估计算法调整DLSTM的网络结构和参数,并且在DLSTM模型中引入了一种随机丢失策略,以缓解过度拟合问题并使预测模型规范化。最后利用CMAPSS涡扇发动机进行了实验验证,在一种故障模式和两种故障模式条件下,DLSTM网络预测模型相对于其他传统方法的评价指标Score分别下降了17.19%和14.37%,其他两个评价指标相对来说也较优,结果表明本文提出的方法具有更高的准确性以及稳定性。     

不同维度缩放方法在航空发动机总体仿真中的应用

为了研究完全耦合和迭代耦合方法的实现途径及两种方法的差异,针对涡扇发动机,建立了风扇部件的二维仿真模型,发展了基于完全耦合和迭代耦合两种维度缩放方法的发动机多维度仿真模型,对比分析了两种方法在仿真结果、计算速度及可操作性等方面的差异,同时对比了基于部件通用特性图的发动机零维仿真模型与多维度仿真模型的计算结果。结果表明:采用完全耦合方法进行维度缩放时,需要结合部件二维仿真模型对边界条件的要求调整迭代变量,同时需使用发动机零维仿真模型的计算结果作为多维度仿真模型中迭代变量的迭代初值,才能保证模型的收敛性;采用迭代耦合方法进行维度缩放时只涉及部件二维仿真模型与发动机零维仿真模型之间的参数传递控制,更容易实现。在计算均收敛的情况下,基于完全耦合方法与迭代耦合方法的发动机模型的计算结果无明显差异,但后者的计算速度更快。与基准模型相比,基于部件通用特性图的发动机零维仿真模型计算得到的推力最大误差大于8.34%,而多维度仿真模型的推力和耗油率的误差均小于3%,多维度仿真模型可更准确地预估发动机性能。     

A step parameters prediction model based on transfer process neural network for exhaust gas temperature estimation after washing aero-engines

The prediction of Exhaust Gas Temperature Margin(EGTM) after washing aeroengines can provide a theoretical basis for airlines not only to evaluate the energy-saving effect and emission reduction, but also to formulate reasonable maintenance plans. However, the EGTM encounters step changes after washing aeroengines, while, in the traditional models, a persistence tendency exists between the prediction results and the previous data, resulting in low accuracy in prediction. In order to solve the pr...     

铸造镁稀土合金研究现状及其在航空发动机领域应用展望

镁稀土合金密度低、比强度与比刚度高、耐热性能好、阻尼减振性优良,将其应用到航空发动机部件能实现装备减重、系统降噪,大幅提升飞行器的载重量和机动性能.首先对铸造镁稀土合金分类进行了介绍,阐述了不同镁稀土合金的强韧化机制;系统总结了镁稀土合金的各类铸造成型工艺并分析了其对合金组织性能的影响;然后归纳了现有航空发动机适航标准...