基于能量优化的无人机机动轨迹生成方法

基于能量优化的无人机机动能够使无人机在不失去决定性位置优势的情况下获取相对于对手的能量优势，足够的能量优势可转换为有效的位置优势，有利于无人机在空战中随时改出当前机动并投入下一机动动作，对于无人机获取空战胜利至关重要。开展了基于能量优化的无人机机动轨迹生成方法研究，通过在无人机机动飞行包线内设计合适的机动指令，使得无人机能量性能指标最优。以上升转弯机动为例进行了机动轨迹生成的详细设计，并与常规上升转弯机动轨迹生成结果进行对比，仿真结果显示所设计的机动动作完成时间缩短了28.6%~83.8%，总能量变化减少了64.7%~70.1%，实现了无人机机动飞行的能量优化。     

基于DSP的总线式飞控系统

针对小型无人机控制系统对功耗、成本、可集成性等的较高要求,设计了一种基于DSP芯片TMS320F2812的总线式飞行控制系统。详细阐述了系统的设计思想及其基本硬件构成,包括采用DSP为处理单元的飞控计算机、采用低成本MEMS惯性器件的捷联式姿态航向基准系统(航姿仪)和提高通讯可靠性的双余度总线。飞行试验表明该系统满足小型无人机自主控制任务对于可靠性和精度的要求,同时也是一种轻型、低成本、高集成度的方案。     

微型无人直升机飞控系统的设计及其半实物仿真

介绍一种以DSP和CPLD作为硬件核心的微型无人直升机飞行控制系统,包括系统传感器数据采集电路、串口扩展电路、舵机控制电路、电源电路等硬件功能模块的设计和实现。在此基础上辅以传感器信息融合、姿态解算、飞行控制算法等系统软件。最后构建一个半实物仿真系统,仿真结果表明该飞控系统的可行性。     

Dynamic modeling of a hose-drogue aerial refueling system and integral sliding mode backstepping control for the hose whipping phenomenon

Dynamic modeling of a hose-drogue aerial refueling system（HDARS） and an integral sliding mode backstepping controller design for the hose whipping phenomenon（HWP） during probe-drogue coupling are studied. Firstly, a dynamic model of the variable-length hose-drogue assembly is built for the sake of exploiting suppression methods for the whipping phenomenon.Based on the lumped parameter method, the hose is modeled by a series of variable-length links connected with frictionless joints. A set of iterative equations of the hose＇s three-dimensional motion is derived subject to hose reeling in/out, tanker motion, gravity, and aerodynamic loads accounting for the effects of steady wind, atmospheric turbulence, and tanker wake. Secondly,relying on a permanent magnet synchronous motor and high-precision position sensors, a new active control strategy for the HWP on the basis of the relative position between the tanker and the receiver is proposed. Considering the strict-feedback configuration of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, a rotor position control law based on the backstepping method is designed to insure global stability. An integral of the rotor position error and an exponential sliding mode reaching law of the current errors are applied to enhance control accuracy and robustness. Finally,the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed model and control laws.     

视觉辅助的无人机自主空中加油建模与仿真

为准确获得插头锥套式空中加油过程中无人机与锥套的相对位姿信息,提出了机器视觉辅助的插头锥套式无人机自主空中加油仿真方案,开发了基于Open CV,Simulink及Vega Prime视景仿真技术的闭环仿真系统.研究了机器视觉识别跟踪锥套的图像处理算法,利用Kalman滤波算法估计无人机与锥套的相对位姿.仿真结果表明,机器视觉算法可以准确识别跟踪锥套,滤波器状态估计的收敛速度较快,无人机姿态角变化范围较小,保证了插头锥套式无人机自主空中加油的平稳安全对接.     

ARJ21-700飞机燃油系统压力加油问题试验分析

根据中国民用航空总局《运输类飞机适航标准》(CCAR-25-R3)条款的要求,飞机压力加油系统的工作情况必须通过地面试验进行验证。然而ARJ21-700在压力加油试验中,飞机加油接头入口压力无法达到试验要求的0.343MPa,试验被迫中止。本文通过对加油车加油流程、原理等进行分析,提出了调节加油车管内压力控制阀和拆除加油接头处稳压阀的办法来提高飞机接头入口油压,最终成功解决了飞机加油接头入口油压过低的问题。     

氢氧推进剂在轨加注若干关键问题研究进展

为了实现深空探测和大型空间站的建设,有必要对氢氧推进剂的在轨加注技术进行研究。通过文献调研和对比,重点分析氢氧推进剂在轨加注遇到的若干热力学和流体力学问题。首先介绍了可以用于氢氧贮箱蒸发量控制的被动热防护技术,目的是实现推进剂的长期在轨贮存。其次,对9种常用的常规推进剂在轨测量技术进行比较,得出适用于氢氧贮箱内剩余推进剂的测量方法。最后,针对在轨低温推进剂的气液分离问题,分析了正推法和表面张力贮箱在氢氧贮箱气液分离中的适用性。通过对氢氧推进剂在轨加注关键问题的调研和论证,为我国氢氧推进剂在空间环境下的长期在轨使用和再加注提供技术参考。     

面向航天器在轨加注的地面模拟技术

文章结合近年来航天器在轨加注的相关研究,着重对其地面模拟试验技术进行了探讨。首先对国外相关地面模拟技术进行了综述,其次对一种新型地面模拟系统进行了详细介绍。该系统由气浮平台、航天器模拟器、光学测量系统、地面控制系统、自主对接和流体加注机构等组成,不仅能演示航天器在轨加注任务的全过程,而且能完整演示自主对接与分离、流体传输与控制、导引测量与推进等在轨加注关键技术。     

无人机系统的卫星中继数据链

针对大中型无人机系统实现远程测控与信息传输的技术需求,在参考国外＂捕食者＂、＂全球鹰＂等先进无人机系统技术体制和实现方案的基础上,提出了利用商业或军用通信卫星作为空中中继平台,建立无人机卫星中继数据链,实现我国远程无人机系统的超视距遥控、遥测和侦察信息实时传输的解决方案,这对延伸无人机系统的作用距离、提高作战效能具有重要意义。文中分析了无人机系统卫星中继数据链的技术体制,提出了工程应用中的关键技术,对具体的工程实现具有一定的指导意义。     

Proactive optimization of transmission power and 3D trajectory in UAV-assisted relay systems with mobile ground users

In this paper, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-assisted relay communication system is studied, where a UAV is served as a flying relay to maintain a communication link between a mobile source node and a remote destination node. Specifically, an average outage probability minimization problem is formulated firstly, with the constraints on the transmission power of the source node, the maximum energy consumption budget, the transmission power, the speed and acceleration of the flying UAV relay. Next, the closed-form of outage probability is derived, under the hybrid line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight probability channel model. To deal with the formulated nonconvex optimization, a long-term proactive optimization mechanism is developed. In particular, firstly, an approximation for line-of-sight probability and a reformulation of the primal problem are given, respectively. Then, the reformulated problem is transformed into two subproblems: one is the transmission power optimization with given UAV’s trajectory and the other is the trajectory optimization with given transmission power allocation. Next, two subproblems are tackled via tailoring primal–dual subgradient method and successive convex approximation, respectively. Furthermore, a proactive optimization algorithm is proposed to jointly optimize the transmission power allocation and the three-dimensional trajectory. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm under various parameter configurations.