太阳能无人机能源系统的多维耦合建模

针对太阳能无人机能源系统建模的耦合性考虑不足、能量流动过程描述不全面等问题,将外部大气环境、无人机的姿态角度等不同维度下影响能源系统运行的多个因素纳入到建模过程中,先后给出了非均质大气环境模型、无人机运动模型、电机模型、减速器模型、螺旋桨模型、光伏电池模型和蓄电池模型的建立过程,并建立了各模型间的耦合关系,得到反映非均质大气环境下、动态飞行行为的太阳能无人机中能量流动的耦合模型。仿真结果表明：该模型可以完整的描述外部大气环境和无人机飞行姿态对无人机发电功率以及动力负荷功率的影响等耦合作用,适合用于仿真分析和地面半实物仿真平台的搭建。     

基于深度图推理的卫星背板部件检测方法

在轨加注是一种典型的在轨服务操作,它对于降低空间运输成本和任务风险起着重要的作用,视觉感知系统可以感知操作任务周围环境并提供给控制系统。目前在轨加注依赖于人,在人员监控下完成或通过遥操作完成,缺乏自主性。本文围绕未来高自主性的基于深度强化学习的在轨加注方法,对基于深度学习的视觉感知方法展开了研究,针对基于深度学习的方法对相似实例的检测存在精确率低、对光照变化敏感等缺点,提出了基于深度图推理的卫星背板部件检测方法。提出的方法可以有效地检测复杂形状的目标,不依赖于手工设计的特征;提高了复杂光照环境下部件的检测正确率;可以有效区分外形相似的不同部件;其有效性在数学仿真和物理仿真中均得到了验证。     

空间机器人加注机构碰撞力建模与柔顺控制

为削弱在轨加注过程中主被动端碰撞冲击对空间机器人的影响,提出了基于力/位混合的柔顺控制律。首先通过第二类拉格朗日方程建立了漂浮基座空间机器人一般运动学模型和考虑环境接触的动力学模型。其次,设计了杆-锥式”加注主被动端装置,根据主被动端的接触特点,建立了点面接触的碰撞动力学模型,并给出相应的碰撞力计算方法。接着,将加注对接问题转化为以基座为参考系的末端运动控制问题,得到了机械臂关节期望运动规律,进而设计了位置环控制律;根据加注主被动端的位置关系计算得到碰撞力,进而设计了力/力矩环控制律,结合顺应选择矩阵最终得到力/位混合控制器,以减小杆锥对接时碰撞对空间机器人基座及末端的冲击影响。最后,仿真结果表明,对接方向的位置误差由初始值降至零,对接过程碰撞产生的力不超过10N,满足末端工具冲击承载。各关节角度变化平缓,关节力矩不超过13Nm,满足机械臂关节力矩最小承载,所设计的控制器使得加注主被动端完成柔顺对接。     

膜盒贮箱推进剂补加过程的建模与仿真

推进剂在轨补加是确保空间站长期工作的重要条件。为了使补加工作顺利实施,需要对推进剂补加过程进行专门的研究。航天器常用推进剂如一甲基肼、四氧化二氮等有剧毒,地面模拟补加试验常采用无毒的模拟工质。但由于两种物质的物性参数存在差异,导致模拟的补加过程和效果与实际情况有差异。文章参考国外空间站补加系统构成形式和补加过程,建立膜盒贮箱推进剂补加过程的数学模型,通过将仿真结果与地面试验数据对比验证了数学模型的准确性。进一步对两种推进剂的补加过程进行仿真分析,并与纯净水补加数据对比。结果表明:液体工质的体积流率与密度存在反比关系,即一甲基肼的补加速率高于纯净水,四氧化二氮的补加速率则低于纯净水。     

面向在轨靠泊加注的管路力学分析与优化设计

面向在轨伸出式靠泊加注任务,针对对接过程中加注管路因同步外伸而产生附加力的问题,提出了一种偏置椭圆螺旋构型的加注管路。首先,推导了管路的轴向刚度和应力数学表达式,通过有限元仿真和实验校验了上述两个表达式的准确性。之后,将偏置椭圆螺旋管路与其他三种适用管路在同一设计空间下分别进行了基于最小轴向刚度的构型优化设计,得到了上述四种管路各自的最优构型与最小附加力,形成了该类在轨加注螺旋管路的完整设计方法。与仿真和实验结果对比,所推导的管路轴向刚度与应力数学表达式的相对误差均小于5%,可用于该类管路的设计分析。与无偏圆螺旋管路相比,所提出的偏置椭圆螺旋管路将靠泊加注对接过程中的管路附加力降低了约83.5%,更适用于在轨靠泊加注任务。     

先进布局飞机空中加油流场特性分析

针对先进布局飞机空中加油出现的问题,综合考虑加油机的加油区、加油机与受油机之间、吊舱锥套与受油机之间的流场特性,对先进布局飞机空中加油中遇到的流场进行了分析.通过理论分析和试飞验证,总结出一套切实可行的先进布局飞机空中对接加油试飞方法.     

Docking control for probe-drogue refueling: An additive-state-decomposition-based output feedback iterative learning control method

Designing a controller for the docking maneuver in Probe-Drogue Refueling(PDR) is an important but challenging task, due to the complex system model and the high precision requirement.In order to overcome the disadvantage of only feedback control, a feedforward control scheme known as Iterative Learning Control(ILC) is adopted in this paper.First, Additive State Decomposition(ASD) is used to address the tight coupling of input saturation, nonlinearity and the property of Non Minimum Phase(NMP) b...     

Battery package design optimization for small electric aircraft

The increasing gross weight of electric Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) poses a challenge in practical applications. The range and endurance of the electric UAV are limited by the fixed mass of the battery package. In this work, a design optimization method for the battery package topology of small electric UAV is proposed to enhance the performance. To improve the accuracy of the method, the dynamic battery model and simplified electric component models are presented.These models are utilized by t...     

Robust leaderless time-varying formation control for unmanned aerial vehicle swarm system with Lipschitz nonlinear dynamics and directed switching topologies

This paper tackles the robust leaderless Time-Varying Formation(TVF) control problem for the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) swarm system with Lipschitz nonlinear dynamics, external disturbances and directed switching topologies. In comparison with the previous achievements on formation control problems, the UAV swarm system with Lipschitz nonlinear dynamics can accomplish the pre-designed TVF while tracking a pre-given trajectory which is produced by a virtual leader UAV in the presence of externa...     

Green UAV communications for 6G: A survey

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have received a wide range of attention for military and commercial applications. Enhanced with communication capability, UAVs are considered to play important roles in the Sixth Generation (6G) networks due to their low cost and flexible deployment. 6G is supposed to be an all-coverage network to provide ubiquitous connections for space, air, ground and underwater. UAVs are able to provide air-borne wireless coverage flexibly, serving as aerial base stations for ground users, as relays to connect isolated nodes, or as mobile users in cellular networks. However, the onboard energy of small UAVs is extremely limited. Thus, UAVs can be only deployed to establish wireless links temporarily. Prolonging the lifetime and developing green UAV communication with low power consumption becomes a critical challenge. In this article, a comprehensive survey on green UAV communications for 6G is carried out. Specifically, the typical UAVs and their energy consumption models are introduced. Then, the typical trends of green UAV communications are provided. In addition, the typical applications of UAVs and their green designs are discussed. Finally, several promising techniques and open research issues are also pointed out.