基于高速相机阵列的起飞着陆段航迹测量技术

针对基于GPS的飞机起降性能测试关键段轨迹细节信息描述不清晰、测量精度低的问题,提出一种利用高速相机阵列对飞机的起飞着陆运动过程进行接力拍摄,通过对各站点高速相机拍摄到的图像序列进行分析处理,得到飞机上标志点在图像坐标系中的坐标,利用近景数字摄影测量中三维直接线性变换(DLT)等算法,解算出飞机的位置及速度数据的方法.介绍了该方法涉及的数学模型及其推导过程,并利用坐标观测量数据进行解算,试验证明了该方法有效.     

高重复频率DPL激光辐照光学薄膜元件温升规律实验研究

光学薄膜是激光系统中最易损坏的薄弱环节。在高重复频率脉冲激光辐照下光学薄膜表面温度急剧上升,导致膜层应力、结构发生变化,最后出现宏观的灾难性损伤。文章采用红外热像仪实时测量了重复频率10 kHz 的DPL脉冲激光辐照下光学薄膜元件表面激光辐照中心点的温度变化,分析了影响薄膜元件温度变化的众多因素。结果表明,采用热导率较大的材料作基板的薄膜样品表面的温升较低;基板厚度越大的薄膜样品表面温升越低;薄膜表面激光辐照中心点的温度与样品的吸收峰值功率密度呈线性关系。     

高频响流场测试TR-PIV系统技术及其应用

系统地介绍了高频响流场测试TR-PIV技术的基本原理、系统结构及组成,并对其三大关键技术即高速相机、高频响激光器和高速数据存储技术进行了系统的技术分析。结合TR-PIV实验系统要求,对商业高速相机和高频响激光器技术的现状进行了介绍和分析。TR-PIV实验过程中产生的大量数据图像文件对实验系统数据传输带宽的高要求,制约着实验数据采集频率和总实验时间两个参数。建立了基于PCI-E间接存储技术的TR-PIV流场测试系统并利用该系统对低速循环水槽中自由来流方柱绕流场进行了长时间110Hz连续采样,获取了方柱尾迹中旋涡结构的时空演变特征。研究结果对于集成建立高频响TR-PIV测试系统及其应用具有较好的指导价值。     

Extended dynamic system modulation for real-time obstacle avoidance

In this paper, a novel real-time obstacle avoidance method based on Dynamic System(DS), is proposed. The proposed method ensures the impenetrability of multiple convex obstacles by online modulating the original velocity field of the DS. It can be applied to perform obstacle avoidance in the state space of the DS with both autonomous and non-autonomous DS-based controllers. While realizing the obstacle avoidance, the equilibrium points of the original DS can be saved. The modulation matrix form ...     

CCD相机取样问题探讨

从理论上对ＣＣＤ相机的取样问题进行了探讨,分析了光学取样和电路取样的关系, 并提出了取样电路的设计思路。     

Do drones have a realistic place in a pandemic fight for delivering medical supplies in healthcare systems problems?

The advancement of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology in terms of industrialprocesses and communication and networking technologies has led to an increase...     

Proactive optimization of transmission power and 3D trajectory in UAV-assisted relay systems with mobile ground users

In this paper, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-assisted relay communication system is studied, where a UAV is served as a flying relay to maintain a communication link between a mobile source node and a remote destination node. Specifically, an average outage probability minimization problem is formulated firstly, with the constraints on the transmission power of the source node, the maximum energy consumption budget, the transmission power, the speed and acceleration of the flying UAV relay. Next, the closed-form of outage probability is derived, under the hybrid line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight probability channel model. To deal with the formulated nonconvex optimization, a long-term proactive optimization mechanism is developed. In particular, firstly, an approximation for line-of-sight probability and a reformulation of the primal problem are given, respectively. Then, the reformulated problem is transformed into two subproblems: one is the transmission power optimization with given UAV’s trajectory and the other is the trajectory optimization with given transmission power allocation. Next, two subproblems are tackled via tailoring primal–dual subgradient method and successive convex approximation, respectively. Furthermore, a proactive optimization algorithm is proposed to jointly optimize the transmission power allocation and the three-dimensional trajectory. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm under various parameter configurations.     

等离子推进无人机的电空气动力学研究

针对一种新兴的等离子推进无人机概念开展其电空气动力学研究，并通过数值仿真论证等离子推进系统作为无人机主推力系统的可行性。等离子推进无人机的飞行原理是利用一种非对称高压电极组电晕放电实现空气电离，并通过高压电场实现离子加速，从而产生推力推动无人机飞行。相比于传统无人机，等离子推进无人机具有较低机械疲劳、飞行噪音小和能量利用效率高的优点。本文完成了等离子推进无人机组成设计，并对单等离子推进器和等离子推进无人机整体电空气动力学进行了理论研究和数值仿真。单等离子推进器数值仿真结果表明，随着工作电压的升高，单位长度推进器所能产生的推力单调递增。且在相同施加电压情况下，等离子推进器电极间隙越小，所能产生的推力越大。等离子推进无人机飞行仿真结果表明，通过优化等离子推进器结构，施加足够高的电极组电压，等离子推进无人机能够实现稳定飞行。     

Battery package design optimization for small electric aircraft

The increasing gross weight of electric Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) poses a challenge in practical applications. The range and endurance of the electric UAV are limited by the fixed mass of the battery package. In this work, a design optimization method for the battery package topology of small electric UAV is proposed to enhance the performance. To improve the accuracy of the method, the dynamic battery model and simplified electric component models are presented. These models are utilized by the trajectory optimization method, which takes the dynamic characteristic into consideration to calculate the aircraft performance. The direct optimal control method is used for solving the trajectory optimization problem, and this method is tested on a small blended-wing-body electric aircraft. The test result shows that the range and energy-consumption are mainly influenced by the parallel topology of the battery package, while the flight time in climb phase is more sensitive to the series topology. It is deduced that the range- and energy-optimal design points can be considered concurrently in design optimization. The work proves the feasibility of integrating the trajectory optimization and battery package design.     

高精度星相机光学系统像质评价及实现

摘要： 高精度星相机光学系统是实现高性能星相机的关键技术.从工程实际出发，梳理星相机光学系统像质评价的指标，重点论述星点质心位置指标分解、光学系统评价指标分解过程.分析认为星相机光学系统设计过程中需关注质心位置偏差和质心位置与理想像高的偏差、温度分析需兼顾均匀温升及梯度温度变化.给出一个继承于双高斯结构形式的设计实例，结合像差理论进行消热设计和畸变控制，分析不同温度条件下不同类别恒星的质心位置一致性.设计结果表明该光学系统可满足高精度星相机指标要求.