边界层减阻研究综述

阐述了目前边界层减阻研究中的一些主要方法、手段及其原理,介绍了国内外对边界层减阻研究和应用的状况,指出了其中存在的一些问题,分析了今后减阻研究和应用的趋势。文中也包括了作者的一些观点和看法。     

旋流管强化传热与流体动力学试验研究

在螺旋槽管的基础上开发出一种新型强化管--旋流管,对5根不同结构参数的旋流管的换热特性和流体动力学特性进行了试验研究,用多元线性回归法得到了具有较高精度的旋流管的传热系数及摩擦系数的统计关联式,分析了影响旋流管传热与流阻性能的主要因素.结果表明,旋流管比同类型的强化管综合性能更优越,在相同传热量下,旋流管的换热系数比螺旋槽管高3%～8%,而压力损失低5%～10%.     

大型客机气动设计综述

中国大型客机研制过程中追求"三减，四性"：减阻、减重、减排，安全性、经济性、舒适性、环保性。中国大型客机采用翼下常规布局形式，放宽静稳定技术，发动机选用CFM公司Leapx-1C发动机，这对气动设计技术在工程适用性上提出了极高的要求。大型客机是中国第1架完全自主知识产权民用飞机，本文综述了其设计过程中采用的先进气动优化设计方法、CFD分析和充分的风洞试验验证，说明了超临界机翼设计、高效增升装置设计、飞机/发动机一体化设计、尾翼设计、翼梢小翼设计和部件精细化减阻设计技术，能实现大型客机的减阻应用设计。研究表明，中国大型客机在气动设计水平和设计方法上取得了一系列的进展和突破，实现了设计具有较强竞争力的先进民用飞机的目标。     

一种用于深空通信的系统LT码

针对传统LT（Luby Transform）码用于深空通信时性能不理想的问题,通过重构LT码的二分图设计适用于深空通信环境的系统LT码,提出一种去环编码算法。采用外信息转移图分析系统LT码的收敛阈值,然后通过仿真试验评估系统LT码的性能。仿真结果表明,采用本文提出的编码方案的系统LT码能够明显降低错误平层,提高译码算法的性能。     

隐身舰载战斗机气动力设计关键技术

围绕隐身舰载战斗机气动力设计中的关键技术问题,深入梳理了有益的工程设计经验,从多目标约束下的起降增升设计、跨超声速精细化减阻设计、全机均衡减载设计等3个方面,阐述了气动力设计在性能、操稳、重量、隐身等多专业强约束下的窄域设计方法。相关分析表明：采用机翼后缘简单襟翼的设计方式、结合机翼三维型面弯扭设计与舵面使用策略优化,能够满足强隐身约束下舰载战斗机的起降升力需求;合理配置座舱位置以及后机身上表面的激波压缩/膨胀波系、优化进气道溢流吸力矢量方向等,能够在不降低机身容积的前提下,有效降低机身阻力;利用机身下表面与拦阻钩舱门区的修型进行机身反弯设计,能够实现严重载荷状态下的平尾减载。     

Whole-process design and experimental validation of landing gear lower drag stay with global/local linked driven optimization strategy

Landing gear lower drag stay is a key component which connects fuselage and landing gear and directly effects the safety and performance of aircraft takeoff and landing. To effectively design the lower drag stay and reduce the weight of landing gear, Global/local Linked Driven Optimization Strategy (GLDOS) was developed to conduct the overall process design of lower drag stay in respect of optimization thought. The whole-process optimization involves two stages of structural conceptual design and detailed design. In the structural conceptual design, the landing gear lower drag stay was globally topologically optimized by adopting multiple starting points algorithm. In the detailed design, the local size and shape of landing gear lower drag stay were globally optimized by the gradient optimization strategy. The GLDOS method adopts different optimization strategies for different optimization stages to acquire the optimum design effect. Through the experimental validation, the weight of the optimized lower dray stay with the developed GLDOS is reduced by 16.79% while keeping enough strength and stiffness, which satisfies the requirements of engineering design under the typical loading conditions. The proposed GLDOS is validated to be accurate and efficient in optimization scheme and design cycles. The efforts of this paper provide a whole-process optimization approach regarding different optimization technologies in different design phases, which is significant in reducing structural weight and enhance design precision for complex structures in aircrafts.     

Electric sail,photonic sail and deorbiting applications of the freely guided photonic blade

We consider a freely guided photonic blade (FGPB) which is a centrifugally stretched sheet of photonic sail membrane that can be tilted by changing the centre of mass or by other means. The FGPB can be installed at the tip of each main tether of an electric solar wind sail (E-sail) so that one can actively manage the tethers to avoid their mutual collisions and to modify the spin rate of the sail if needed. This enables a more scalable and modular E-sail than the baseline approach where auxiliary tethers are used for collision avoidance. For purely photonic sail applications one can remove the tethers and increase the size of the blades to obtain a novel variant of the heliogyro that can have a significantly higher packing density than the traditional heliogyro. For satellite deorbiting in low Earth orbit (LEO) conditions, analogous designs exist where the E-sail effect is replaced by the negative polarity plasma brake effect and the photonic pressure by atmospheric drag. We conclude that the FGPB appears to be an enabling technique for diverse applications. We also outline a way of demonstrating it on ground and in LEO at low cost.     

基于安装性能的航空发动机中间状态喷管调节计划优化

以Matlab为平台,结合MS-DOS命令和计算流体动力学（CFD）软件操作日志,成功实现将发动机零维总体性能计算程序和二维喷管内外流场CFD软件结合的数值缩放技术.为优化飞机推进系统巡航状态性能,耦合飞机后体阻力优化航空发动机喷管喉道面积、喷管出口面积的调节计划.计算结果表明:在保持发动机稳定裕度的前提下,如仅优化喷管出口面积,在大马赫数飞行状态时安装推力提高超过1%.      

一种提高空间实验室定轨精度的方法

以近地航天器轨道动力学为基础,建立变阻力系数大气摄动模型,设计了求解变阻力系数的算法。然后利用天宫一号飞行器的测轨数据进行计算,分析了空间实验室飞行高度的轨道特性,其中包括：大气模式密度误差、变阻力系数与空间环境关系、定轨残差和星历误差。在空间环境平静和磁暴的条件下,制定了多种求解变阻力系数的策略,解决了空间实验室长弧段定轨精度受限的问题,并在空间环境平静条件下实现了优于10米的定轨精度,在磁暴条件下实现了优于20米的定轨精度。