三棱柱的低雷诺数绕流研究

数值模拟了截面为等腰三角形的棱柱在不可压牛顿流体中的二维绕流问题,分析了不同的截面尺度比以及三角形顶点迎风和背风安置时的尾流稳定性与阻力系数.研究发现对于较大截面尺度比的棱柱,在相同雷诺数的情况下顶点迎风相较于顶点背风的情况更易失稳从而产生侧向力,但阻力系数相对较小,当雷诺数为160时,最多能够减少19.4%.进一步地对比研究了顶点迎风与顶点背风在不同截面尺度比时升、阻力系数及涡脱落频率随雷诺数的变化关系.      

太阳帆板地面展开的气动阻力数值仿真

为研究太阳帆板地面展开试验中气动阻力的影响,基于动网格技术提出了一种时变空气阻力计算方法。该方法采用CFD商业软件进行仿真计算,分析了三帆板地面低速展开的气动阻力影响。分析结果表明,该帆板在运动过程中所受的阻力较小,与工程设计的预估结果相近。     

气动附加装置降低厢式货车后体阻力

在风洞中通过天平测力和静态压力传感器测压实验,研究了简易厢式货车模型安装背部隔栅气动附加装置后阻力特性和背部压力分布的变化。结果表明采用高度适当、布置合理的背部隔栅,可以使厢式货车后体侧缘的分离剪切层再附于隔板上并在隔板后缘再次分离。从而使厢式货车下游的分离尾涡区变窄,提高其背部压力,最终减小了厢式货车模型因后体分离引起的压差阻力。实验发现减阻效果最好的是采用的3横3竖形式、高度为50mm、距离厢式货车后体边缘30mm的隔栅,最大可以将模型的阻力减小7．19％。     

某型机旋翼斜梁折叠地面模拟试验台拖动系统的设计与应用

本文主要介绍了某型机旋翼—斜梁折叠地面模拟试验台拖动系统方案的设计、系统关键设备和部件匹配设计以及在功能试验和耐久性试验中的应用。     

Investigation on surface integrity of electron beam melted Ti-6Al-4 V by precision grinding and electropolishing

Electron beam melting (EBM), as an excellent Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology, enables the printing of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy for a wide range of applications such as aerospace and biomechanical industries. It improves functionality and integrity of components and negates complexities in assembly processes. However, due to the poor surface and sub-surface integrity represented by the rough surface finish and low dimensional accuracy, achieving a favorable surface condition is quite challenging. Therefore, post processing becomes essential for these electron beam melted (EBM-ed) Ti-6Al-4 V alloys. Being the most common technique to improve such parts, milling of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy is very challenging and resulting tool wear issues, due to its unique material properties. Thus, this paper presents a comprehensive study on the surface integrity of EBM-ed Ti-6Al-4 V parts processed by precision grinding and electropolishing, aiming to qualitatively and quantitatively clarify the interrelation between process parameters and processed surface quality. The surface and subsurface characteristics such as profile accuracy, surface roughness, microstructure, defective layer and residual stress before and after post processing were compared and evaluated. The results show that by precision grinding, the profile accuracy was improved from over 300 µm PV to 7 µm PV, while surface roughness (R_a) was reduced from 30 µm to about 2 µm. The layer with partially melt particles was removed, but introduced a deformed subsurface layer with more residual stress. Then by applying electropolishing, the residual stress was released and the deformed layer was removed. In addition, R_a was further reduced to 0.65 µm. The research can serve as a reference for the integration of post machining processes with AM.     

基于雷诺数的大气阻力模型在飞行器再入预报中的应用

随着对空间技术服务需求的增加和空间碎片主动移除技术的实现,未来空间碎片将以数量多、质量大、难分解等特点频繁再入大气层,给地面人员和财产安全造成更多威胁。因此,亟需对火箭体等大型航天器的大气再入进行预警,然而因缺乏合适的大气阻力系数模型难以实现高精度的大气再入预报。为此,在简化航天器模型的基础上引入基于雷诺数的大气动力模型,通过RK6(7)对运动微分方程数值积分得到预报结果,并与高精度数值轨道传播器HPOP以及半解析轨道传播器WHU-SST的预报结果进行对比。实验表明：在运动微分方程中引入基于雷诺数的大气动力模型提前30天对火箭体进行大气再入预报,精度显著提升,某些目标的预报误差从96%下降至7.8%;仅使用TLE数据,将新模型用于地面风险评估能够使真实陨落位置位于预报的统计陨落位置中。     

固体燃料底部排气空气动力研究

本文介绍固体燃料底部排气燃烧空气动力理论及实验研究的若干结果。给出喷射参数、来流M数、模型船尾角、船尾长、排气口直径、模型转速等参数对底排减阻率的影响。提出了一种可用于固体燃料底排条件下的底压解析计算方法。     

载人飞船阻尼摄动模型和轨道预报精度

在正常飞行状态下，飞船保持三轴稳定和对地定向姿态，其时太阳翼指向不是气流方向，它的阻尼模型较为复杂。文章阐述了载人飞船大气阻尼摄动模型将本体和太阳翼分开处理的必要性；对中国局域网的USB跟踪测量，轨道确定和预报达到了制动返回所需要的较高精度。     

运七飞机外表面沟纹膜减阻的实验研究

在１：１２运七原型全金属模型具有湍流流动的表面上粘贴沟纹膜，研究了沟纹膜对飞机阻力的影响。实验表明，顺流向沟纹膜粘贴在飞机具有湍流的表面上，可以减少飞机阻力５％～８％。