基于偏差自适应学习的多传感器信息融合机动目标跟踪

为了保证精确打击机动目标,导弹可以采用主/被动雷达切换探测目标。考虑到作战的隐蔽性和生存性,提出基于多传感器信息融合的被动优先跟踪方法:跟踪开始时,令主/被动雷达同时对目标进行探测和跟踪,将二者的信息进行融合,同时自适应地学习融合结果与二者信息的偏差,经过一段时间学习,融合偏差稳定,此时令主动雷达停止工作,由被动雷达单独工作,而目标的运动信息则由被动雷达的信息和学习得到的融合偏差合成。如果目标机动较大,则定期令主动雷达工作以进一步修正融合偏差。该方法既保证了跟踪的精度,同时又减少了主动雷达的工作时间,从而提高了作战的隐蔽性和生存性。将该方法应用于导弹的目标跟踪,仿真结果表明该方法有效。     

一种基于滑动库的多模自适应控制方法

针对系统参数跳变时常规自适应控制闭环系统暂态响应差的问题,论文提出了一种基于滑动库的多模自适应控制方法。该控制器由多个参数已知的固定模型,一个自适应模型和一个滑动模型库构成。固定模型由被控对象在特定环境下的特征模型直接映射获得,其参数和其邻域一起覆盖被控对象的参数集;自适应模型对被控对象进行在线参数辨识,其参数被用来动态更新固定模型库;滑动模型库根据当前的工作点从固定模型库中选择离工作点较近的部分模型参与控制,优化控制模型集,减少计算量。仿真实验的结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

空间机器人柔性关节轨迹控制研究

针对由谐波减速器驱动的空间机器人柔性关节的精确轨迹跟踪问题,提出了一种由自 适应模糊系统和逐步逆向设计相结合的递阶控制方法,不仅有效地消除了模型不确定性的 影 响,而且避免了复杂的求导运算和角加速度可测的要求;推导了自适应模糊系统模糊规则参 数调整的自适应律,证明了闭环系统的稳定性和跟踪误差的渐进收敛;在柔性关节测试平台 上进行了轨迹跟踪实验,试验结果表明该方法具有较高的轨迹控制精度和鲁棒性。     

小卫星三轴稳定鲁棒自适应控制器设计

针对某微小卫星, 研究了系统结构存在不确定性及外部干扰为定常未知时的姿态控制问题. 运用Lyapunov 方法, 利用Euler-Lagrange 系统的内在性质, 设计出一种不需解耦的鲁棒自适应控制器. 对系统进行数学仿真表明, 该控制算法在应用中不但具有较好的控制性能, 还具备良好的鲁棒性.      

提高角跟踪精度的自适应鲁棒平滑器

本文以某雷达角跟踪精度研究为主要背景,提出了提高角跟踪精度的自适应鲁棒平滑方法。该结构主要由鲁棒模糊滤波器,基于二次新息的自校正器,自适应胡倍尔(Huber)函数以及自适应α—β平滑器组成。这种方法首次从系统观点出发,统筹考滤了最优性、鲁棒以及实时性三个主要性能指标和滤波、平滑器器结构。最后比较了各平滑算法的性能指标,并说明了本算法的有效性。     

自适应预测补偿的迭代制导方法及其应用研究

针对迭代制导完成后入轨参数或终端程序角修正问题,研究一种基于模型参考的自适应预测补偿迭代制导算法在运载火箭上的应用。该算法在经典迭代制导算法的基础上,根据预测的迭代终端程序角和飞行视加速度的参考模型,对关机点参数进行补偿,依据补偿后的终端指标重新规划飞行轨迹,进而得出满足入轨参数或终端程序角偏差修正的制导指令,提升迭代制导对入轨参数偏差或终端程序角的修正能力。此外,阐述了经典迭代制导的基本算法,概括了自适应预测补偿迭代制导算法的基本原理,并以大推力直接入轨、终端程序角大偏差以及满足终端程序角约束为例,给出相应工况的自适应预测补偿的迭代制导算法。仿真结果表明：该算法对入轨参数和终端程序角偏差具有一定的修正能力。     

Thermal comfort assessment in civil aircraft cabins

Aircraft passengers are more and demanding in terms of thermal comfort. But it is not yet easy for aircraft crew to control the environment control system(ECS) that satisfies the thermal comfort for most passengers due to a number of causes. This paper adopts a corrected predicted mean vote(PMV) model and an adaptive model to assess the thermal comfort conditions for 31 investigated flights and draws the conclusion that there does exist an uncomfortable thermal phenomenon in civil aircraft cabins, especially in some short-haul continental flights. It is necessary to develop an easy way to predict the thermal sensation of passengers and to direct the crew to control ECS. Due to the assessment consistency of the corrected PMV model and the adaptive model, the adaptive model of thermal neutrality temperature can be used as a method to predict the cabin optimal operative temperature. Because only the mean outdoor effective temperature ET* of a departure city is an input variable for the adaptive model, this method can be easily understood and implemented by the crew and can satisfy 80–90% of the thermal acceptability levels of passengers.     

Adaptive finite-time backstepping control for attitude tracking of spacecraft based on rotation matrix

This paper investigates two finite-time controllers for attitude control of spacecraft based on rotation matrix by an adaptive backstepping method. Rotation matrix can overcome the draw- backs of unwinding which makes a spacecraft perform a large-angle maneuver when a small-angle maneuver in the opposite rotational direction is sufficient to achieve the objective, With the use of adaptive control, the first robust finite-time controller is continuous without a chattering phenom- enon. The second robust finite-time controller can compensate external disturbances with unknown bounds. Theoretical analysis shows that both controllers can make a spacecraft following a time-varying reference attitude signal in finite time and guarantee the stability of the overall closed-loop system. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.     

Fault tolerant small satellite attitude control using adaptive non-singular terminal sliding mode

The Attitude Control System (ACS) plays a pivotal role in the whole performance of the spacecraft on the orbit; therefore, it is vitally important to design the control system with the performance of rapid response, high control precision and insensitive to external perturbations. In the first place, this paper proposes two adaptive nonlinear control algorithms based on the sliding mode control (SMC), which are designed for small satellite attitude control system. The nonlinear dynamics describing the attitude of small satellite is considered in a circle reference orbit, and the stability of the closed-loop system in the presence of external perturbations is investigated. Then, in order to account for accidental or degradation fault in satellite actuators, the fault-tolerant control schemes are presented. Hence, two adaptive fault-tolerant control laws (continuous sliding mode control and non-singular terminal sliding mode control) are developed by adopting the nonlinear analytical model to describe the system, which can guarantee global asymptotic convergence of the attitude control error with the existence of unknown external perturbations. The nonlinear hyperplane based Terminal sliding mode is introduced into the control law design; therefore, the system convergence performance improves and the control error is convergent in “finite time”. As a result, the study on the non-singular terminal sliding mode control is the emphasis and the continuous sliding mode control is used to compare with the non-singular terminal sliding mode control. Meanwhile, an adaptive fuzzy algorithm has been proposed to suppress the chattering phenomenon. Moreover, several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed controllers by correcting for the external perturbations. Simulation results confirm that the suggested methodologies yield high control precision in control. In addition, actuator degradation, actuator stuck and actuator failure for a period of time are simulated to demonstrate the fault recovery capability of the fault tolerant controllers. The numerical results clearly demonstrate the good performance of the adaptive non-singular terminal control in the event of actuator fault compare with the continuous sliding mode control.     

卫星姿态系统执行器故障的自适应控制设计

针对带冗余执行器的卫星姿态控制系统,考虑部分执行器发生未知故障(故障模式、大小、时间均未知)的情况,结合Backstepping方法设计了自适应容错控制器,使得当一个甚至多个飞轮出现未知故障时,系统能调整正常执行器的输入,补偿故障执行器的影响,保证系统闭环稳定及输出信号对参考输出量的渐近跟踪.对该算法进行仿真验证,得到了较理想的控制效果.