DLC 和CrN 薄膜在油润滑下的摩擦性能

采用闭合场非平衡直流磁控溅射技术和阴极电弧离子镀技术在轴承钢表面分别制备了DLC 和

CrN 薄膜,在全配方发动机油(CF-4,15W/40)润滑条件下,选择DLC/ 钢、CrN/ 钢摩擦配副,用SRV-IV 摩擦实

验机考察了25℃和100℃时DLC 与CrN 薄膜在不同载荷下的摩擦因数和磨损率,并对摩擦界面进行分析。结

果表明:DLC 和CrN 薄膜在油润滑条件下的摩擦因数都随着载荷的增加而降低;DLC 和CF-4 构成的固液复合

润滑体系具有更加优异的摩擦学性能;活性较高的CrN 薄膜与发动机油中的添加剂相互作用,在摩擦界面上

发生摩擦化学反应形成摩擦化学反应膜,并且薄膜表面形成的氧化层有利于提高薄膜在高温时的耐磨性。

     

间隙率对平纹及三轴向织物复合材料弹性性能的影响

采用有限元分析方法研究了间隙率对平纹及三轴向复合材料叠层弹性性能的影响.首先,根据平纹织物复合材料几何构型和基本参数,建立了平纹织物复合材料的面密度和单胞边长与间隙率之间的关系;然后,建立了平纹织物复合材料的拉伸、压缩和剪切有限元模型,利用该模型分析了间隙率对其弹性性能的影响;最后,分析了间隙率对平纹织物复合材料与三轴向织物复合材料叠层弹性性能的影响.研究发现,平纹织物复合材料的比拉伸模量和比压缩模量随其间隙率的增加而略微增加,比剪切模量随其间隙率的增加减小,平纹织物复合材料与三轴向织物复合材料叠层的等效模量极曲线平纹织物复合材料的间隙率的增加而极性减弱.     

Investigation into the transient flow characteristics of noble gas propellants using the pulsed inductive discharge in electric propulsion

The Pulsed Inductive Thruster (PIT) has the advantages of repeatable startup, no corruption and in-situ propellant feed. To study the flow expansion and circuit characteristics of PITs, the circuit-fluid model is developed, and the high temperature thermodynamic and transport models are combined with the circuit-fluid model to predict the critical plasma parameters. The flow fields of initial mass of 2–8 mg and charge voltages of 10–14 kV are simulated. Comparison of the flow fields of argon and helium propellants suggests that, the flow field structures are similar. Slight differences exist on the magnitude of the density and magnetic field, caused by larger velocity in lighter atom case and difference on the ionization gap between adjacent ionization levels. Analysis of the circuit characteristics by the two-dimensional results indicates that the ratio of coil inductance to circuit inductance affects both the rise rate and phase of the plasma current, the larger the ratio, the greater the rise rate and the better the following characteristic. The calculations show that the magnetic energy obtained within the decoupling distance determines the overall performance the thruster can be obtained; self-induced field maintained by the thermal motion after the main pulse leads to the long attenuation process and difference on the total impulse when the angle of conical pylon is varied under constant coil dimension.     

Efficient prediction of ground noise from helicopters and parametric studies based on acoustic mapping

Based on the acoustic mapping, a prediction model for the ground noise radiated from an in-flight helicopter is established. For the enhancement of calculation efficiency, a high-efficiency second-level acoustic radiation model capable of taking the influence of atmosphere absorption on noise into account is first developed by the combination of the point-source idea and the rotor noise radiation characteristics. The comparison between the present model and the direct computation method of noise is done and the high efficiency of the model is validated. Rotor free-wake analysis method and Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) equation are applied to the aerodynamics and noise prediction in the present model. Secondly, a database of noise spheres with the characteristic parameters of advance ratio and tip-path-plane angle is established by the helicopter trim model together with a parametric modeling approach. Furthermore, based on acoustic mapping, a method of rapid simulation for the ground noise radiated from an in-flight helicopter is developed. The noise footprint for AH-1 rotor is then calculated and the influence of some parameters including advance ratio and flight path angle on ground noise is deeply analyzed using the developed model. The results suggest that with the increase of advance ratio and flight path angle, the peak noise levels on the ground first increase and then decrease, in the meantime, the maximum Sound Exposure Level (SEL) noise on the ground shifts toward the advancing side of rotor. Besides, through the analysis of the effects of longitudinal forces on miss-distance and rotor Blade-Vortex Interaction (BVI) noise in descent flight, some meaningful results for reducing the BVI noise on the ground are obtained.     

Multifunctional Martian habitat composite material synthesized from in situ resources

The two primary requirements for a Martian habitat structure include effective radiation shielding against the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) environment and sufficient structural and thermal integrity. To significantly reduce the cost associated with transportation of such materials and structures from earth, it is imperative that such building materials should be synthesized primarily from Martian in situ resources. This paper illustrates the feasibility of such an approach. Experimental results are discussed to demonstrate the synthesis of polyethylene (PE) from a simulated Martian atmosphere and the fabrication of a composite material using simulated Martian regolith with PE as the binding material. The radiation shielding effectiveness of the proposed composites is analyzed using results from radiation transport codes and exposure of the samples to high-energy beams that serve as a terrestrial proxy for the GCR environment. Mechanical and ballistic impact resistance properties of the proposed composite as a function of composition, processing parameters, and thermal variations are also discussed to evaluate the multifunctionality of such in situ synthesized composite materials.     

TA15 钛合金等温局部加载各加载区的组织和性能

研究了不同加载方式下TA15钛合金方坯先加载区、过渡区和后加载区的组织和力学性能。结果表明:只采用局部加载时,先加载区和后加载区的室温和高温性能优于过渡区的性能,各区的持久性能差别不大;采用先局部后整体的加载方式时,过渡区的室温和高温性能优于其他两个加载区,但过渡区的持久性能明显较差。只采用局部加载时,各区的组织性能优于先局部后整体加载时各区的组织性能。     

人工制备冰雹的力学性能试验研究

人工制备的冰雹可用于多种航空附件冰撞测试。本文以ASTM F320—2010标准为基础,设计制作了多种冰雹,对冰雹的力学性能及影响冰雹力学性能的因素开展了研究。采用低温万能试验机对冰雹进行准静态试验,使用高速摄影技术深入分析冰雹破碎过程及特征,对比分析不同棉纤维种类、棉纤维特性和棉纤维含量下冰雹的力学性能。研究结果表明,含棉冰雹失效过程可分为3个阶段：线性增长阶段、屈服阶段和破碎阶段,失效过程中最大抗压强度出现在线性增长阶段末端。棉纤维的强度和弹性越好,冰雹破碎所需的加载力越大;棉纤维上附着的冰量越少,冰雹破碎所需的加载力越小。棉纤维含量增加可以加强棉纤维的连接作用,使含棉冰雹强度增加;但棉纤维含量到达15%时,继续增加棉纤维含量,冰雹抗压强度不会发生太大变化。亲水棉制成的冰雹抗压强度明显高于疏水棉制成的冰雹。研究结果可为中国民用大飞机适航符合性验证提供参考。     

Cycle-slip Detection of GPS Carrier Phase with Methodology of SA4 Multi-wavelet Transform

That cycle-slips remain undetected will significantly degrade the accuracy of the navigation solution when using carrier phase measurements in global positioning system (GPS). In this paper, an algorithm based on length-4 symmetric/anti-symmetric (SA4) orthogonal multi-wavelet is presented to detect and identify cycle-slips in the context of the feature of the GPS zero-differential carrier phase measurements. Associated with the local singularity detection principle, cycle-slips can be detected and located precisely through the modulus maxima of the coefficients achieved by the multi-wavelet transform. Firstly, studies are focused on the feasibility of the algorithm employing the orthogonal multi-wavelet system such as Geronimo-Hardin-Massopust (GHM), Chui-Lian (CL) and SA4. Moreover, the mathematical characterization of singularities with Lipschitz exponents is explained, the modulus maxima from wavelet to multi-wavelet domain is extended and a localization formula is provided from the modulus maxima of the coefficients to the original observation. Finally, field experiments with real receiver are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Because SA4 possesses the specific nature of good multi-filter properties (GMPs), it is superior to scalar wavelet and other orthogonal multi-wavelet candidates distinctly, and for the half-cycle slip, it also remains better detection, location ability and the equal complexity of wavelet transform.     

ZrB2 -SiC 的制备方法和性能研究

由于在极端环境中的优异物理化学性能,ZrB2基超高温陶瓷材料成为未来空天领域最具前途的候选材料之一,尤其是ZrB2-SiC材料近几年更成为研究热点。本文对ZrB2-SiC材料的制备、烧结致密化和力学性能等研究做了综合评述,重点对制备方法与使用性能间的关系进行了相关介绍。