平板表面薄圆柱绕流摩擦力矢量场全局测量

针对壁面摩擦力矢量场测量问题,基于剪切敏感液晶(SSLC)涂层技术建立了一种测量平板表面摩擦力矢量场的方法。该方法基于多视角测量原理,采用六台同步相机从不同方向同时采集SSLC涂层在摩擦力作用下的颜色变化,与采用单台相机相比能够降低测量噪声,并且具有测量非定常流动的摩擦力场的潜力。应用该方法测量了平板表面薄圆柱绕流的摩擦力矢量场,结果表明:(1)SSLC涂层能够以彩色方式定性显示壁面摩擦力信息;(2)通过对不同方向观测的SSLC涂层颜色进行分析处理,该方法能够高分辨率测量薄圆柱绕流的摩擦力矢量场,详细地捕获了流动特征;(3)同一份SSLC涂层可以重复使用并且可用于测量不同的摩擦力矢量场。     

Remote-controlled flexible pose measurement system and method for a moving target in wind tunnel

The measurement of position and attitude parameters for the isolated target from a high-speed aircraft is a great challenge in the field of wind tunnel simulation technology. This paper proposes a remote-controlled flexible pose measurement system in wind tunnel conditions for the separation of a target from an aircraft. The position and attitude parameters of a moving object are obtained by utilizing a single camera with a focal length and camera orientation that can be changed based on different measurement conditions. Using this proposed system and method, both the flexibility and efficiency of the pose measurement system can be enhanced in wind tunnel conditions to meet the measurement requirements of different objects and experiments, which is also useful for the development of an intelligent position and attitude measurement system. The position and the focal length of the camera also can be controlled remotely during measurements to enlarge both the vertical and horizontal measurement range of this system. Experiments are conducted in the laboratory to measure the position and attitude of moving objects with high flexibility and efficiency, and the measurement precision of the measurement system is also verified through experiments.     

Evaluation of SARAL/AltiKa performance using GNSS/IMU equipped buoy in Sajafi,Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports

Performance of SARAL/AltiKa mission has been evaluated within 2016 altimeter calibration/validation framework in Persian Gulf through three campaigns conducted in the offshore waters of Sajafi, Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports, while the altimeter overflew the passes 470, 111 and 25 on 13 Feb, 7 March and 17 June 2016, respectively. As the preparation, a lightweight buoy was equipped with a GNSS receiver/choke-ring antenna and a MEMS-based IMU to measure independent datasets in the field operations. To obtain accurate sea surface height (SSH) time series, the offset of the onboard antenna from the equilibrium sea level was predetermined through surveying operations as the buoy was deploying in the onshore waters of Kangan Port. Accordingly, the double-difference carrier phase observations have been processed via the Bernese GPS Software v. 5.0 so as to provide the GNSS-derived time series at the comparison points of the calibration campaigns, once the disturbing effects due to the platform tilt and heave have been eliminated. Owing to comparing of the SSH time series and the associating altimetry 1?Hz GDR-T datasets, the calibration/validation of the SARAL/AltiKa has been performed in the both cases of radiometer and ECMWF wet troposphere corrections so as to identify potential land contamination. An agreement of the present findings in comparison with those attained in other international calibrations sites confirms the promising feasibility of Persian Gulf as a new dedicated site for calibration/validation of ongoing and future altimetry missions.     

一种冲击响应谱试验设备校准装置的研制

介绍了冲击响应谱基本概念及其试验设备的分类与工作原理，参考现行冲击试验台检定规程提出了针对该设备的校准方法，设计了一种基于虚拟仪器技术的新型冲击响应谱试验设备校准装置，给出了典型冲击波形（半正弦、矩形、后峰锯齿）的冲击响应谱仿真计算结果并进行了验证，计算结果与理论结果完全一致，证明算法准确可靠，能够实现对冲击响应谱试验设备的校准。     

脉动背压离心压气机动态特性及稳定性

试验研究了脉动背压对离心压气机动态响应及喘振特性的影响规律。结果表明:脉动背压条件时压气机性能存在明显非定常特征,高频大幅脉动背压和陡峭的压比流量特性均可强化该非定常特征。基于试验结果,提出了脉动背压压气机非定常性能与脉冲特性及运行工况的关联模型。脉动背压导致压气机喘振边界左移,稳定运行范围最高拓宽12.3%。压气机向小流量工况趋近时,脉动背压引起的流场振荡减弱,但喘振所致的流场振荡逐步强化,致使流场振荡强度呈V型变化特征,表明了脉动背压与压气机气动稳定性之间存在耦合关系。研究探明了脉动背压条件对压气机动态响应和喘振特性的影响规律,对帮助真实运行环境压气机设计理论的发展具有重要意义。      

刀形检测系统及空间测量坐标系的建立

论述一种基于二维视觉的刀形检测及调位系统,给出了测量系统的机械结构以及刀具 原理,分析了系统测量坐标系建立的原理和方法,并给出相关的实验数据。系统的研制实现了高效、精确、自动的刀形检测和位置调整,为高精度数控加工提供了保障。     

数字散斑干涉技术在形貌测量中的应用及进展

介绍了数字散斑干涉技术用于形貌测量的基本原理及其发展,对几种主要的测量方法进行了分类与对比,分析了各种方法的特点,最后对数字散斑干涉形貌测量技术作出了展望     

GPS在卫星精密测轨中的应用

自从美国全球定位系统(GPS)试验系统建立以来,发展了各种各样的方法,利用GPS 测量来精密确定卫星轨道。在1984年,LANDSAT-5上装载一个GPSPAC 的仪器进行了飞行,以验证用GPS 定轨的精确度。1982年在美国喷气推进试验室((?)PL),为TOPEX 卫星研究了一种GPS 距离和距离变化率的双差分法,以满足其厘米级的精度要求。除GPS 对低轨地球卫星定轨应用外,有人也提出了用GPS 测量对高轨地球卫星甚至同步卫星的定轨方法及精度分析。文章对上述各种方法给以简要的介绍和评述。     

飞机飞行载荷测量载荷方程的优选

介绍用应变计方法测量飞机飞行载荷的载荷方程,应用方差分析和下检验技术进行优选,逐次剔除无应电桥和多余电桥,经自动计算,得到仅会对某种载荷有显著贡献的少量电桥的最优载荷方程,供飞行试验测量飞机飞行载荷使用。算例结果表明,此方法获得最优载荷方程有效。     

AD－200轻型飞机舱内噪声源传声途径识别

为使建立在双传声器互谱声强基础上的识别方法在飞机上应用,进行了模拟测量。分别以带号筒的扬声器和激振器模拟空气传声和结构传声。模拟测量结果表明：空气传声和结构传声平均声强级识别值的误差分别为１．７ｄＢ（Ａ）和０．４ｄＢ（Ａ）,满足工程应用要求。在此基础上,对ＡＤ－２００轻型飞机在发动机工作下进行了地面测量。结果表明机舱内噪声主要来自座舱后隔板的空气传声。