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131.
Sofya A. Ushakova Alexander A. Tikhomirov Valentin N. Shikhov Jean-Bernard Gros Tamara K. Golovko Igor V. Dal’ke Ilya G. Zakhozhii 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The main objective of a life support system for space missions is to supply a crew with food, water and oxygen, and to eliminate their wastes. The ultimate goal is to achieve the highest degree of closure of the system using controlled processes offering a high level of reliability and flexibility. Enhancement of closure of a biological life support system (BLSS) that includes plants relies on increased regeneration of plant waste, and utilization of solid and liquid human wastes. Clearly, the robustness of a BLSS subjected to stress will be substantially determined by the robustness of the plant components of the phototrophic unit. The aim of the present work was to estimate the heat resistance of two plants (wheat and lettuce) grown on human wastes. Human exometabolites mineralized by hydrogen peroxide in an electromagnetic field were used to make a nutrient solution for the plants. We looked for a possible increase in the heat tolerance of the wheat plants using changes in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intensity during heat stress. At age 15 days, plants were subjected to a rise in air temperature (from 23 ± 1 °C to 44 ± 1 °С) under different PAR intensities for 4 h. The status of the photosynthetic apparatus of the plants was assessed by external СО2 gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. The increased irradiance of the plants during the high temperature period demonstrated its protective action for both the photosynthetic apparatus of the leaves and subsequent plant growth and development. The productivity of the plants subjected to temperature changes at 250 W m−2 of PAR did not differ from that of controls, whereas the productivity of the plants subjected to the same heat stress but in darkness was halved. 相似文献
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Thin silver films are deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on glass ceramic at room temperature.Variations of sputtering power,bios voltage and power density are carried out for each deposition,then parts of as-deposited samples are subjected to annealing at 600 ℃ within a vacuum chamber.Structural properties are studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM).It is shown that structural properties have a strong dependency on sputtering power and annealing temperature.Electrical contact resistance measured by a four point probe instrument is directly affected by the thickness of films.It is also found that the film conductivity,especially in thinner films,is improved by the increasing grain size.Finally,the film adhesion is observed by scratch tests.And the adhesive ability deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering shows a better performance than that produced by traditional methods. 相似文献
135.
摆锤式冲击试验机的能量损失包括:指针的摩擦(或接触式电子角位移传感器的摩擦)、空气阻力和摆轴轴承的摩擦所引起的能量损失;基础的冲击、机架和摆锤的振动所引起的能量损失。国内外还没有成熟的测量方法和测量仪器测定基础的冲击、机架和摆锤的振动所引起的能量损失,没有形成技术文件,目前摆锤式冲击试验机能量损失的检测主要针对前者。本文针对国内计量部门计量摆锤式冲击试验机所依据的常用标准和规程,比较能量损失的检测方法和计算公式,做出简要分析,指出某些计算公式值得商榷之处。 相似文献
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程国勇 《中国民航学院学报》2006,24(6):31-34,45
从三方面总结了用剪切波速评价饱和砂土抗液化性能的研究进展:基于现场震害调查的研究成果具有重要参考价值,但不便于开展系统研究;室内土样剪切波速的测试手段出现了弯曲单元和扭剪法两种新技术,与弯曲单元相比较,扭剪法更加可靠;剪切波速与抗液化强度相关性已通过大量的研究得到证实。指出要实现用剪切波速评价原位土层的抗液化性能需要解决:抗液化强度对于剪切波速的敏感性,如何进行地震等效,如何将原位与室内剪切波速建立联系以及如何选取区分不同土类的指标等4个问题。 相似文献
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介绍用电阻法测量CATT(Circdar-Arc-Tooth-Trace)齿轮润滑油膜的测量原理、实验设备和方法,研究了油膜沿啮合线和沿齿线的变化规律,得出了可供CATT齿轮设计参考的结论。 相似文献
针对铝合金蒙皮表面涂层修复对基材局部现场氧化处理的需求,研究了膏状氧化材料的调制方法,并探讨了氧化膏在2024-T3铝合金表面的成膜性能。通过扫描电镜、能谱、体视显微镜、点滴、电化学、接触角测试以及拉伸剪切实验考察了氧化膜的形貌和组成、耐蚀性能及粘接性能。实验表明,室温下铝合金表面经氧化膏处理后可快速生成氧化膜,膜层具有一定的微观孔洞结构,主要包含Al、F、Cr、O等元素;膜层耐蚀性与阿洛丁氧化液处理效果相近,与未氧化试样相比腐蚀电压由-0.898 V升至-0.880 V,腐蚀电流密度由2.582×10~(-5)A/cm~2降至3.334×10~(-7)A/cm~2,阻抗值由1.556×10~3Ω/cm~2增至1.347×10~5Ω/cm~2;表面自由能和粘附功分别由32.7 m J/cm~2和36.3 m J提高到55.7 m J/cm~2和109.7 m J,拉伸剪切强度由11.7 MPa提升为15.0 MPa,结果表明氧化膜的形貌和组成有助于获得更好的界面结合力并改善基材的粘接性能。 相似文献