超临界二氧化碳压缩机特性数值模拟

以某小流量超临界二氧化碳(SCO_2)离心压缩机为例,开展了近临界点SCO_2压缩机多工况数值模拟。研究发现:物性表格的分辨率对流场的计算结果影响较大,尤其是在冷凝区域,同时,物性的剧烈变化导致流场高梯度、强非线性使得近临界点SCO_2压缩机数值模拟存在极易发散的问题。通过精细调节物性表格分辨率以及库朗数等数值参数获得了多工况范围内的收敛解,与实验数据对比的结果表明:5×10~4 r/min转速下设计点进口工况最大相对误差为9.1%。设计了某5MW级热功率SCO_2布雷顿循环主压缩机并完成三维数值模拟。在保证效率基本不变的前提下,通过调整后弯角并与其他几何参数匹配,实现了压缩机压比及喘振裕度增加,并抑制了吸力面冷凝区域的发展。     

RBCC引射模态DAB模式二次燃烧数值研究

对火箭基组合循环(RBCC)引射模态煤油燃料扩散后体燃烧(DAB)模式二次燃烧过程进行了数值研究。研究中使用了简单快速单步不可逆化学反应模型、三维非结构网格有限体积方法和k-ε湍流模型。结果发现引入DAB燃烧后,可以提高系统推力性能,但在地面静止自由引射状态未发现推力正增益;二次燃料喷嘴处于二次燃烧室的后部将更加有利于提高燃烧效率。     

几种金属材料自冲铆接头的静态失效机理

利用自冲铆连接系统、材料试验机及扫描电子显微镜等设备来研究钛合金、铝锂合金及铝合金自冲铆接头的力学性能与静态失效机理。结果表明:TA1钛合金接头平均最大拉剪载荷(6 285.0 N)在3种接头中最大,8090铝锂合金接头(5 478.3 N)次之,5052铝合金接头(3 217.7 N)最小;不同金属材料自冲铆接头的静态失效模式有很大的区别,TA1钛合金接头出现铆钉从沿晶断裂向韧性断裂转变的失效过程,8090铝锂合金接头出现材料被擦伤与解理断裂的失效过程,5052铝合金接头仅出现材料被擦伤的失效过程。     

Characteristics of pulsed plasma synthetic jet and its control effect on supersonic flow

The plasma synthetic jet is a novel flow control approach which is currently being studied. In this paper its characteristic and control effect on supersonic flow is investigated both experimentally and numerically. In the experiment, the formation of plasma synthetic jet and its propagation velocity in quiescent air are recorded and calculated with time resolved schlieren method. The jet velocity is up to 100 m/s and no remarkable difference has been found after changing discharge parameters. When applied in Mach 2 supersonic flow, an obvious shockwave can be observed. In the modeling of electrical heating, the arc domain is not defined as an initial condition with fixed temperature or pressure, but a source term with time-varying input power density, which is expected to better describe the influence of heating process. Velocity variation with different heating efficiencies is presented and discussed and a peak velocity of 850 m/s is achieved in still air with heating power density of 5.0 · 1012W/m3. For more details on the interaction between plasma synthetic jet and supersonic flow, the plasma synthetic jet induced shockwave and the disturbances in the boundary layer are numerically researched. All the results have demonstrated the control authority of plasma synthetic jet onto supersonic flow.     

基于格子玻尔兹曼方法的旋翼三维气动力学分析

提出运用格子波尔兹曼方法（Lattice Boltzmann Method, LBM）分析微型旋翼 的气动特性。以APC11x47 型螺旋翼为分析对象, 实物的结构信息通过三维激光扫描和 逆向工程的方法输入计算机, 使用基于LBM 的软件计算其不同转速下的螺旋翼产生的 升力,最后得到其升力系数。     

行波管放大器非线性特性对调幅信号边带压缩影响

为了更精确地测试星上功率放大器的饱和点,研究分析了TWTA(Travelling-Wave Tube Amplifier,行波管放大器)的非线性特性对AM(Amplitude Modulation,调幅)信号的边带压缩影响。文中基于Saleh模型描述TWTA,分析其在AM信号放大过程中的非线性特性,研究表明:随着输入AM信号的功率不断增大,放大后的输出信号畸变越来越严重;该变化主要体现在AM信号的边带上,与线性工作区相比,在TWTA的饱和点处,经放大后的AM信号的边带压缩程度达到最大。实验结果与理论分析结果完全一致。该研究为通信卫星星上功放饱和点测试提供了一种可行方法。     

一种新型相控阵雷达多目标模拟器设计

针对某型相控阵雷达目标模拟器采用单目标技术,无法真实模拟跟踪多目标回波信号的问题,设计了一种新型多目标模拟器。该模拟器采用DDS(Direct Digital Synthesis,直接数字频综)信号产生、数字信号存储及控制等技术,结合航迹数据产生与控制软件,实现多目标回波信号模拟的同时,实现并完善了模拟器的多目标引导数据注入、理论弹道演练和实测数据回放等模拟和训练功能。软件部分,在考虑目标回波特性的基础上,利用施威林Ⅰ型模型产生目标回波,实现目标回波的模拟仿真工作。在硬件上设计了以FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array,现场可编程门阵列)为核心的功能模块,将模拟仿真信号实时生成目标回波。实际应用表明,该模拟器控制简单,运行稳定,精度高,完全满足跟踪测量和模拟训练需求。     

民机机头复合材料风挡结构鸟撞分析

在鸟体撞击风挡结构过程中,鸟体与风挡结构撞击相对速度很大,呈现出流体特性,属于典型的流固耦合瞬态冲击动力学问题。首先针对文献中的鸟撞铝板试验采用任意的拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)流固耦合方法进行了分析,对计算方法与鸟体模型进行了验证。然后建立了包括风挡玻璃、风挡骨架以及蒙皮在内的民机全尺寸风挡结构抗鸟撞动响应分析的有限元模型,进行了鸟撞数值模拟,其中风挡骨架与蒙皮采用复合材料。全尺寸的复合材料风挡骨架目前还没有应用到民机上,因此,对复合材料风挡结构的研究是很有意义的。     

Multi-disciplinary design optimization with fuzzy uncertainties and its application in hybrid rocket motor powered launch vehicle

In this paper, an Uncertainty-based Multi-disciplinary Design Optimization (UMDO) method combining with fuzzy theory and Multi-Discipline Feasible (MDF) method is developed for the conceptual design of a Hybrid Rocket Motor (HRM) powered Launch Vehicle (LV). In the method proposed, membership functions are used to represent the uncertain factors, the fuzzy statistical experiment is introduced to analyze the propagation of uncertainties, and means, standard deviations and credibility measures are used to delineate uncertain responses. A geometric programming problem is solved to verify the feasibility of the Fuzzy-based Multi-Discipline Feasible (F-MDF) method. A multi-disciplinary analysis of a three-stage HRM powered LV involving the disciplines of propulsion, structure, aerodynamics and trajectory is implemented, and the mathematical models corresponding to the F-MDF method and the MDF method are established. A two-phase optimization method is proposed for multi-disciplinary design optimization of the LV, including the orbital capacity optimization phase based on the Ziolkowski formula, and the scheme trajectory verification phase based on the 3-degree-of-freedom point trajectory simulation. The correlation coefficients and the quadratic Response Surface Method (RSM) based on Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) are adopted for sensitive analysis of uncertain factors, and the Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm (MIGA) is adopted as the optimization algorithm. The results show that the F-MDF method is applicable in LV conceptual design, and the design with the F-MDF method is more reliable and robust than that with the MDF method.     

直升机应急漂浮系统传感器模块可靠性分析

直升机应急漂浮系统是直升机海上救生的主要装备之一,对其传感器模块进行可靠性分析,对保证直 升机应急漂浮系统安全运行、坠水过程中可靠触发至关重要。在充分了解非同型单元k/n(G)表决系统的基础 上,通过 Matlab/Simulink搭建不同逻辑关系下传感器模块的蒙特卡罗模拟平台,并进行相应模拟与理论计算。 结果表明:将蒙特卡罗模拟应用于传感器模块的可靠性分析具有一定的可行性与有效性;依据功能危险性分析 相应结论,并结合可靠性分析结果,该直升机应急漂浮系统传感器模块选择3/5表决系统最为合适。研究结果可为后续相似模块的逻辑关系选择与可靠性设计提供技术路线。