Fuel mass penalty due to generators and fuel cells as energy source of the all-electric aircraft

The paper presents the results of an assessment of the fuel mass penalty due to generators and fuel cell systems. Based on the simulation tool SysFuel, fuel mass penalties for different mission ranges and fuel cell architectures are calculated and compared to a conventional reference architecture. Different fuel cell architectures using ram air or cabin exhaust air and different options of energy recovery are considered. As a result of the studies, target values are presented for the mass to power ratio of fuel cell systems to achieve fuel mass reductions compared to conventional generator and auxiliary power unit systems.     

6-DOF formation keeping control for an invariant three-craft triangular electromagnetic formation

Spacecraft relative motion with inter-craft electromagnetic force has distinct advantages, and its invariant shapes that are convenient for formation keeping ensure some potential significant applications. However, the electromagnetic actuators affect both the relative trajectory and attitude motion, complicating related researches on issues of invariant shape design and formation control. In this paper, the formation keeping problem for an invariant three-craft triangular electromagnetic formation is investigated on the basis of a 6-DOF full nonlinear dynamic model. Moreover, a combined control scheme consisting of feed-forward and feed-back control components is proposed to handle the high nonlinearity, strong coupling, model uncertainties and external disturbances. The feed-forward component is obtained through desired invariant shape design which is complicated by the coupling and superposition effects of any two distinct magnetic dipoles, and the feed-back component is developed with a combination of linear feed-back controller by the LQR method and active disturbance rejection by the extended state observer. Finally, the numerical simulation is presented to verify the feasibility and validity of the proposed 6-DOF combined control scheme.     

直管和弯管比较下的疲劳试验台稳定性的研究CSCD

为研究某型航空发动机叶片定寿试验台的压力和加载力的稳定性,通过仿真的方式对其进行了系统研究。首先,用MATLAB/Sim Hydraulics软件建立了液压试验台模型;其次,在系统模型的基础上,分析研究了当前端管路分别为直管和弯管时对系统压力脉动和载荷稳定性不同的影响;最后,改变弯管的弯曲度逐步进行仿真。通过研究发现,弯管环境下的高低周复合疲劳试验台能更好的降低压力脉动,提高载荷稳定性。大弯曲度的弯管可以有效提高试验台载荷稳定性,并在一定程度上稳定系统压力。此研究为试验台液压系统的设计与生产提供提供了必要的指导,可以确定更加准确的叶片寿命。     

基于6S的高职院校实训教学现场管理及星级评价研究与实践

以长沙航空职业技术学院试点实施实训教学现场管理及星级评价为背景,介绍了基于6S的实训教学现场管理及星级评价管理标准体系的组成。阐述了在推进实施实训教学现场管理及星级评价管理过程中的原则、驱动机制和一些具体做法,总结了对接产业企业的范式作用。     

基于NURBS方法的机翼气动外形优化

飞行器气动外形优化就是将设计对象的空气动力学性能分析与最优化方法相结合,通过不断改变设计对象的外形,使其气动性能在满足一定约束条件下达到最优.气动外形优化是一个涉及几何参数化、动网格、流场计算和寻优算法的综合应用平台.随着计算流体力学(CFD)的发展以及高性能计算机的使用,气动外形优化在现代飞行器设计中的作用愈加重要....     

捕获轨迹系统并联机构地面标定方法

捕获轨迹系统（CTS）是一种先进的预测外挂物投放轨迹的试验系统，普遍采用六自由度（6-DoF）串联机构作为其运动机构，串联机构因惯性力大和关节累积误差大使其定位精准度不足。相比串联机构，并联机构具有惯性力小和关节误差不累积等优点。采用6-PTRT并联机构作为CTS试验系统的六自由度运动机构，在空间受限的风洞环境中对CTS并联机构进行地面标定：提出动平台位姿的测量和计算方法，建立包含直线驱动平台安装夹角修正的标定模型，并基于非线性最小二乘法辨识结构参数。辨识后CTS并联机构的位移定位准度优于0.1 mm，姿态定位准度优于0.05°，最后以CTS并联机构和常规攻角机构进行8#标模的对比风洞试验。风洞试验结果表明，CTS并联机构的风载定位准度满足测力试验精准度要求。     

一种差分跳频频率转移函数算法

 为提高差分跳频频率转移路径的随机性和均匀性,在深入研究差分跳频技术和频率转移函数的基础上,引入一种优化的混沌序列对数据信息码进行扰乱,利用纠错能力较强的RS(Reed-Solomon)码和m序列实现对跳频间隔及频率子集的选择控制,构建了一种新的差分跳频频率转移函数算法。对算法的随机性和均匀性进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明,相比于基于混沌序列的G函数算法和基于RS码和m序列的G函数算法,本文算法产生的跳频序列的随机性和均匀性均得到了良好改善。     

耦合六自由度运动弹性飞机阵风响应数值模拟

耦合飞机刚体六自由度运动,考虑飞机结构气动弹性变形,基于全湍流Navier—Stokes方程流场数值模拟方法．建立了离散阵风作用下弹性飞行器气动载荷与飞行姿态响应的数值模拟技术。其中模态空间中结构动力学方程以及六自由度运动方程分别采用四阶R—K进行时间推进求解,采用RadialBasicFunction（RBF）技术进行气动／结构数据耦合。对应飞机姿态以及弹性变形采用RBF与TFI组合模式的动网格方法进行网格更新;以飞翼布局弹性飞机为数值研究对象,研究了离散阵风作用下飞行器的气动载荷响应以及飞行姿态的变化,对比分析了刚性飞行器与弹性飞行器对离散阵风响应的区别,为进一步系统地分析真实飞机飞行品质提供数值平台。     

Multi-objective output-feedback control for microsatellite attitude control: An LMI approach

Mixed H₂/H_∞ output-feedback controller with pole placement constraints against the internal uncertainty of moment-of-inertia variation and space environmental disturbances is proposed for mircosatellite attitude control. The multi-objective controller is designed based on linear model of attitude dynamics. The H_∞ performance takes into account both robustness stability against moments-of-inertia uncertainty and the disturbance rejection aspect. H₂ performance takes into account the LQG aspect which avoids the undesirable wheels’ saturation effect. In addition, the closed-loop poles can be forced into some sector of the stable half-plane to obtain well-damped transient responses. The problem is then reduced to a convex optimization involving linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), so it can be efficiently solved. The simulation results demonstrate that the presented mixed H₂/H_∞ control system is robust stable and optimal in the sense of H₂ norm, and has good steady-state and dynamic performances against the parameter uncertainties and various disturbances for the microsatellite attitude control system.     

直角切削6061-T6铝合金剪切区力学行为及微观结构演化预测

力学行为是塑性变形微观过程的宏观表现,早期的金属切削理论模型没有考虑微观结构对切削力的影响。在考虑热力耦合效应的基础上建立了基于位错密度材料模型的6061-T6铝合金直角切削力预测模型,分析了不同切削参数下基于位错运动的塑性变形机制对切削力的影响。结合等分剪切区和非等分剪切区模型,构建了第一变形区多物理场计算方法,提出一种切屑形成过程中由塑性变形引起的微观结构演化解析模型。通过测量切削力和切屑内晶粒尺寸对模型的可行性进行了初步验证。结果表明：剪切区长度变长引起参与位错滑移的材料增多是切削深度增大导致切削力增大的主要原因。增大切削速度导致切削力的降低不是单一变量影响的结果,而是应变降低引起位错增殖数量减少和温度升高引起位错湮灭作用增加的共同作用结果。非等分剪切区模型正确反映了第一变形区温度和应力的分布特征,且与二维有限元模型分布相一致,建立的第一变形区微观结构演化解析模型能够预测切屑内位错密度和晶粒尺寸。