数字近景摄影大尺寸三坐标测量系统V-STARS的测试与应用

介绍了数字近景摄影大尺寸柔性三坐标测量系统V—STARS的配置、测量原理和测量过程,对其三维坐标及平面度的测量重复性进行了实际测试,与激光跟踪仪进行了平面度的比对测试,并将V—STARS系统成功应用于某17m网状天线的型面测量与调整工程实践中。     

视觉辅助遥操作在卫星在轨自维护中的应用

为了克服时延对空间机器人遥操作的影响,提出了利用视觉技术辅助遥操作进行卫星自维护的方法.针对遥操作数据传输滞后的问题,设计并实现了一种基于视觉的共享控制策略,该策略将维护任务分为自由空间控制与自主视觉伺服控制.在自由空间控制阶段,通过3D图形预测仿真以及实时反馈的视频流,提高了遥操作者的视觉临场感.在自主控制阶段,采用冗余特征视觉伺服控制,克服了系统对标定精度的依赖性,从而提高了整个系统的智能化程度.最后,通过对典型的卫星维护任务实例的分析,验证了该方法的有效性.     

An inversion approach for lunar regolith layer thickness using optical albedo data and microwave emission simulation

An approach to inversion of the lunar regolith layer thickness by using multi-channel brightness temperature observation in passive microwave remote sensing is developed. To first make simulation of brightness temperature from the lunar layered media, the lunar regolith layer thickness (d) is proposed being constructed by available lunar DEM (digital elevation mapping) and on site measurements. The physical temperature distribution (T) over the lunar surface is also empirically assumed as a monotonic function of the latitude. Optical albedo of the lunar nearside from the telescopic observation is employed to construct the spatial distribution of the FeO+TiO₂ content (S) in the lunar regolith layer. A statistic relationship between the DEM and S of the lunar nearside is further extended to construction of S of the lunar farside. Thus, the dielectric permittivity (ε) of global lunar regolith layer can then be determined. Based on all these conditions (d,T,ε), brightness temperature of the lunar regolith layer in passive microwave remote sensing, which is planned for China's Chang-E lunar project, is numerically simulated by a parallel layering model using the strong fluctuation theory of random media.Then, taking these simulations with random noise as observations, an inversion method of the lunar regolith layer thickness is developed by using three- or two-channels brightness temperatures. When the S is low, and the four channels brightness temperatures in China's Chang-E project are well distinguishable, the regolith layer thickness and physical temperature of the underlying lunar rock media can be inverted by the three-channels approach. When the S becomes high that the brightness temperature at high frequency channels such as 19.35, 37 GHz are saturated, the regolith layer thickness is alternatively inverted only by the two-channels approach.Numerical simulation and inversion approach in this paper make an evaluation of the performance for lunar passive microwave remote sensing, and for future data calibration and validation.     

拦截机动目标的模糊导引律研究

使用模糊方法研究了三维实际追逃问题的最小能量导引律问题。首先,通过对一些状态变量的定义域进行在线模糊分区,一方面,将非线性模型变为模糊T-S线性模型;另一方面,又能方便地处理目标的任意机动而引起的目标运动方向的变化。其次,利用RH（Receding Hori-zon）控制方法和伴随技术,在目标作对抗性机动条件下,获得了一个有效拦截的导引律。数值仿真结果表明,由这种导引律导引的导弹能够精确拦截任意机动的目标。     

基于特征点的颅面复原技术

介绍了用人工神经网络算法确定待复原颅面的软组织厚度及颅面特征点的方法。在计算机辅助颅面复原过程中,通常只能根据颅骨上少数特征点及其所在部位的法向软组织厚度的统计值进行运算。由于现有统计值指标涵盖的年龄较宽泛,导致复原结果缺乏个性。在测定待复原颅骨骨龄的基础上,通过神经网络训练,确定软组织厚度随年龄的变化规律,较精确地计算出与拟复原对象的骨龄相适应的特征点软组织厚度值,并用最小二乘法及曲面法线原理建立数学模型,计算出颅面特征点。最后用基于Delaunay三角剖分的wavelet插值法复原出面貌雏形。     

基于网络的《工程力学》实验系统初探

实验教学是学生获得知识和能力训练的重要途径,工程力学实验是工科院校学生的一门技术基础课。尝试利用现代网络技术和3Dmax软件,结合我校的力学实验课教学,开发一套基于网络的工程力学实验教学系统,作为对理论教学和实验室教学的补充,取得很好效果。     

New He neutron monitor for Chilean Cosmic-Ray Observatories from the Altiplanic zone to the Antarctic zone

We present the results of three years of continuous operations and the principal characteristics of our new ³He neutron monitors installed in the Chilean Network of Cosmic-Ray Observatories. During the years 2004 and 2005, we began the construction of this International Geophysical Year (IGY)-type ³He neutron monitor, with the intention of replacing the older proportional tubes of the BF₃. These new monitors are installed in stations at locations ranging from the near-equatorial zone to the Antarctic zone. As a reference system, we used our own BF₃ neutron monitors and previously complemented the collected data with a Monte Carlo simulation for the proton-yield function response of the Putre neutron monitor. Herein, we present for the first time the data obtained from our new high-mountain observatory located in the Altiplanic zone.     

3D information from 2D images recorded in the European Modular Cultivation System on the ISS

The European Modular Cultivation System (EMCS) on the ISS allows long-term biological experiments, e.g. on plants. Video cameras provide near real-time 2D images from these experiments. A method to obtain 3D coordinates and stereoscopic images from these 2D images has been developed and is described in this paper. The procedure was developed to enhance the data output of the MULTIGEN-1 experiment in 2007. One of the main objectives of the experiment was to study growth movements of the Arabidopsis plants and the effect of gravity on these. 3D data were important during parts of the experiment and the paper presents the method developed to acquire 3D data, the accuracy of the data, limitations to the technique and ways to improve the accuracy. Sequences of 3D data obtained from the MULTIGEN-1 experiment are used to illustrate the potential of this newfound capability of the EMCS. In the experiment setup, a positional depth accuracy of about ±0.4 mm for relative object distances and an absolute depth accuracy of about ±1.4 mm for time dependent phenomena was reached. The ability to both view biological specimens in 3D as well as obtaining quantitative 3D data added greatly to the scientific output of the MULTIGEN-1 experiment. The uses of the technique to other researchers and their experiments are discussed.     

基于体绘制的真三维显示中体素路径优化算法分析

由于基于体素的绘制方法所需处理体素数据很大,而体素激活的随机顺序与体数据存储顺序不一致,因此需要在体素激活前对体素按照立体显示的要求进行路径优化.本文针对该问题描述和分析了体素化过程,并提出一个典型的体素化流程.在此基础上,重点分析了流程中的体素路径优化算法,对其进行分析后进行数学建模并转化为TSP问题,最后提出了一个...     

预测平纹编织C/SiC复合材料等效导热系数的三维纤维随机模型

提出了一种能够刻画平纹编织C/SiC复合材料编织结构的三维纤维随机模型,探讨了微观结构影响宏观等效导热系数的机理。采用蒙特卡罗法模拟纤维位置的随机分布,用有限元法计算等效导热系数,通过数理统计方法分析在不同纤维体积分数下等效导热系数的随机分布规律;并且比较了相同纤维体积分数下,纤维随机模型平均等效导热系数与纤维周期排列模型等效导热系数的差别。结果表明:在不同体积分数下,纤维位置随机等效导热系数都呈高斯分布;纤维随机模型中纤维会出现聚集现象,形成局部“导热热障”,所以纤维随机模型平均等效导热系数小于纤维周期排列模型,这种差异在中等纤维体积分数下最明显。