A topside investigation over a mid-latitude digisonde station in Cyprus

We examine the systematic differences between topside electron density measurements recorded by different techniques over the low-middle latitude operating European station in Nicosia, Cyprus (geographical coordinates: 35.14^oN, 33.2^oE), (magnetic coordinates 31.86^oN, 111.83 ^oE). These techniques include space-based in-situ data by Langmuir probes on board.European Space Agency (ESA) Swarm satellites, radio occultation measurements on board low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites from the COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 mission and ground-based extrapolated topside electron density profiles from manually scaled ionograms. The measurements are also compared with International Reference Ionosphere Model (IRI-2016) topside estimations and IRI-corrected NeQuick topside formulation (method proposed by Pezzopane and Pignalberi (2019)). The comparison of Swarm and COSMIC observations with digisonde and IRI estimations verifies that in the majority of cases digisonde underestimates while IRI overestimates Swarm observations but in general, IRI provides a better topside representation than the digisonde. For COSMIC and digisonde profiles matched at the F layer peak the digisonde systematically underestimates topside COSMIC electron density values and the relative difference between COSMIC and digisonde increases with altitude (above hmF2), while IRI overestimates the topside COSMIC electron density but after a certain altitude (~150 km above hmF2) this overestimation starts to decrease with altitude. The IRI-corrected NeQuick underestimates the majority of topside COSMIC electron density profiles and relative difference is lower up to approximately 100 km (above the hmF2) and then it increases. The overall performance of IRI-corrected NeQuick improves with respect to IRI and digisonde.     

Exploiting the Sentinel-3 tandem phase dataset and azimuth oversampling to better characterize the sensitivity of SAR altimeter sea surface height to long ocean waves

Being the very first SAR mode altimeter tandem phase, the Sentinel-3 A/B tandem phase has provided an unprecedented opportunity to better characterize the sensitivity of SAR altimetry retrievals to high-frequency processes, such as long ocean waves. In this paper, we show that for some sea-state conditions, that are still to be precisely characterized, long ocean waves are responsible for high-frequency (spatial and temporal) coherent Sea Level Anomaly (SLA) signals. It is found that the peak wavelength corresponds to the dominant swell wavelength. Furthermore, the short time lag between S3-A and S3-B acquisitions allows performing cross-spectral analyses that reveal phase shifts consistent with waves travelling according to the wave dispersion relation. It is also demonstrated that the classical 20 Hz sampling frequency is insufficient to properly sample most swell-induced SLA signals and that aliasing can generate errors over the entire frequency spectrum, including at long wavelengths. These results advocate for the use of azimuth oversampling (40 Hz or 80 Hz). Low-pass filtering should be applied prior to any down-sampling to 20 Hz, in order to prevent long-wavelength errors induced by spectral leakage.     

基于飞行时间的三维成像研究进展和发展趋势

随着数字成像技术的发展,三维成像已被应用在许多领域中,如自动驾驶汽车、机器人和生物医学成像。基于飞行时间(Time of Flight, TOF)的三维成像相机在记录强度和深度信息的同时,在成像速率、功耗、体积等方面有突出的优势,这也使得TOF相机在诸如计算机图形、机器视觉、机器人控制中的应用越来越多。介绍了TOF相机的发展情况,详细分析了TOF相机的成像原理、误差来源,总结了当前基于TOF相机的研究及应用情况,最后阐述了TOF相机的发展趋势。     

S型管内超临界航空煤油的裂解与结焦研究

再生主动冷却是超燃冲压发动机热防护的关键技术之一。为了探究冷却通道中弯管结构产生的二次流对碳氢燃料裂解与结焦特性的影响,使用S型圆管实验段进行了RP-3航空煤油超临界裂解结焦实验。重点考察了沿程壁温、产气率、气相产物分布以及S型管结焦沿程分布特征。实验结果表明：由于S型管的结构特点,沿程壁温和结焦分布均呈现出与直管相迥异的特征。在两个弯道区域,离心力产生的二次流加剧湍流混合,强化了局部换热,导致壁温下降。结焦率在弯道结构处出现小幅度局部峰值,在出口温度为700℃时,第二个弯道处平均结焦率比中间直管段提高了101%~170%。这可能与弯道处对应的局部高温、输运作用增强和局部摩擦阻力的增大三者综合作用有关。此外,还发现S型管产气率比直管更高,在出口温度为700℃时提高了10.2%~14.9%。可能是弯管处内侧壁面附近的燃料受局部高温影响,裂解反应加剧,产气率增加。而S型管的特殊结构对裂解的反应路径无明显影响,因此气相产物分布与直管并无明显差异。     

一种不借助零磁线圈的星载磁强计校准方法

文章介绍一种星载磁强计校准装置及方法。首先,将高精度地面磁强计的三分量磁传感器置于标准磁场发生装置形成的磁场环境内,通过后端数据处理装置采集得到第一磁场数据,并进行不同量程下螺线管线圈常数Ci的标定;然后,将星载磁强计置于上述标准磁场环境内,并以高精度地面磁强计不同量程下获得的Ci作为基准,通过后端数据处理装置采集得到第二磁场数据;最后,对第一磁场数据和第二磁场数据进行比对,得到星载磁强计的量程、分辨率及稳定性校准值。上述校准项目所有参数的校准结果不确定度为u=0.12%（k=2）。本方法已成功应用于多种军民型号星载磁强计校准。     

卫星三维电缆网设计与制造一体化集成研究与应用

针对卫星三维电缆网数字化设计、制造协同"信息孤岛"问题,提出了卫星三维电缆网设计与制造一体化流程和方法。通过基于模型的定义（Model based definition,MBD）三维电缆网协同设计方法,可以快速生成标准化、精细化的三维电缆网。基于MBD三维电缆网设计与工艺联动,开发了电缆网设计、加工、检测和装配联动软件模块,形成了一套电缆模型工艺信息快速提取方法。通过具体型号应用,验证了该方法在电缆网设计、加工、检测和总装的有效性和精确性。     

基于全相位FFT的感应式磁力仪频谱校正方法研究

基于法拉第电磁感应定律的感应式磁力仪是用于测量低频磁场的空间探测仪器,常具有在轨FFT频谱分析功能,直接获得波动磁场的频率及幅度等信息.利用FFT方法对截断信号进行计算时,整周期采样会产生频谱泄露和栅栏效应,频谱信息产生偏差,而影响实时监测磁场变化的准确性.全相位FFT与常规FFT相比,有相位不变性和良好的抑制频谱泄露能力.采用基于全相位FFT的时移相位差方法(apFFT/apFFT)校正在研的某卫星感应式磁力仪直接采集的波形数据.仿真和实验结果表明,apFFT/apFFT方法可有效提高感应式磁力仪低频磁场测量的频谱准确性.研究工作为提高感应式磁力仪科学数据的应用水平奠定了基础,为下一代星载感应式磁力仪在轨频谱分析提供了一种可能的新方法.     

基于同波束干涉的空间三维相对位置测量研究

针对深空探测器相对位置精确测量需求,建立了空间三维相对位置测量模型,研究了基于单基线同波束干涉测量(Same-beam VLBI,SBI)的空间三维位置最小二乘解算方法。利用"嫦娥3号"着陆器的测控天线与定向天线的SBI实测数据,验证了测量模型与解算方法的有效性。结果显示:SBI干涉时延随机误差约0.225 ps(0.07 mm);测控天线与定向天线之间距离误差约0.216 m,方向误差约30.4°。该研究结果有望应用于后续深空探测任务譬如"嫦娥5号"器间高精度相对测量中。     

三级风扇的三维流场计算

本文运用三维粘性流体计算软件Fine／NUMECA对某三级风扇多个转速下的三维流场进行了计算．并对其第一级三个典型转速进行了单独计算。分析了此风扇在不同转速下的特性变化,重点关注了设计点和近喘振边界工作点的流场特性,并分析了在设计转速时发生喘振的原因。结果表明,此风扇设计为典型的跨声速压气机设计．具有较高的效率,但仍有改进的余地。